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  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • 1965-1969  (1)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (2)
  • Toxicity  (1)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Chenodeoxycholic acid ; Chimpanzee ; Conjugation ; Lithocholic acid ; Sulfation ; Toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um im Schimpansen die hepatische Biotransformation der primären Gallensäure Chenodeoxycholsäure und deren wichtigstem bakteriellen Metaboliten, Lithocholsäure zu charakterisieren, wurde ein Gemisch aus Spurenmengen von14C-Lithocholsäure und3H-Chenodeoxycholsäure intravenös in zwei Tiere mit Gallenfistel injiziert. Die chemische Form der Radioaktivität, die in der Galle erschien, wurde dünnschichtchromatographisch ermittelt. Etwa 80% der Chenodeoxycholsäure und 70% der Lithocholsäure wurden innerhalb von 90 min ausgeschieden. Die Chenodeoxycholsäure war vollständig konjugiert und erschien vorwiegend als Chenyltaurin (52%) und Chenylglycin (37%). 11% erschienen in einer Form, die bisher nicht identifiziert wurde. Lithocholsäure wurde vollständig als Taurin- und Glycinkonjugat in die Galle eliminiert; der größte Teil (63%) war zusätzlich sulfatiert. Die Sulfatierung nahm stetig mit der Zeit zu und Lithocholylglycine wurde stärker sulfatiert als Lithocholyltaurin. Wir schließen aus diesen Befunden, daß der Schimpanse mit dem Menschen vergleichbar ist, indem er Lithocholsäure effektiv sulfatiert. Dadurch unterscheidet sich der Schimpanse vom Rhesusaffe und Baboon, die die Lithocholsäure nur in geringem Maße sulfatieren. Jedoch unterscheidet sich der Schimpanse auch vom Menschen und ähnelt dem Rhesusaffen und dem Baboon, indem er Gallensäure vorwiegend mit Taurin konjugiert. Die Ergebnisse lassen den Schluß zu, daß die Hepatotoxizität, die im Rhesusaffe und Baboon durch Chenodeoxycholat hervorgerufen wird, und auf eine geringe Sulfatierung der Lithocholsäure zurückgeführt wird, beim Schimpansen nicht bestehen sollte.
    Notes: Abstract To characterize the hepatic biotransformation in the chimpanzee of the primary bile acid chenodeoxycholic acid (chenic) and its major bacterial metabolite lithocholic acid (lithocholic) a mixture of tracer amounts of14C-lithocholic and3H-chenic was injected intravenously into two animals with a bile fistula; the chemical form of radioactivity appearing in bile was inferred using thin layer chromatography. About 80% of chenic, and 70% of lithocholic was recovered in 90 min. Chenic was completely conjugated in bile, appearing predominantly as chenyltaurine (52%) and chenylglycine (37%). An unidentified conjugate (about 11%) was also found. Lithocholic was excreted completely as taurine and glycine conjugates, but the majority (63%) of conjugates was sulfated. Sulfation increased progressively with time, and lithocholylglycine was sulfated more than lithocholyltaurine. We conclude that the chimpanzee is similar to man in that the secondary bile acid lithocholic is efficiently sulfated. The chimpanzee thus differs from the baboon and rhesus monkey which sulfate lithocholic poorly. However, the chimpanzee differs from man and is similar to the baboon and rhesus monkey in showing preferential conjugation of bile acids with taurine. The results imply that hepatotoxicity caused by chenic, which is well documented in the rhesus monkey and baboon and has been related to defective lithocholic sulfation, should not occur in the chimpanzee.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 12 (1968), S. 1751-1754 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of poly(norbornene), prepared through ring-opening polymerization, were studied. Tensile strength and extensibility increased, while Young's modulus decreased with increasing molecular weight and with increasing content of trans relative to cis unsaturation. The damping factor Delta; was dependent on molecular weight only for the lower molecular weight samples. The out-of-phase modulus E″ and the damping factor decreased as the trans/cis ratio increased.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 12 (1978), S. 1-12 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The rotating ring-disk electrode technique has been applied to the study of anodic dissolution of dental amalgam in a simulated saline solution.The electroactive domains of the silver, tin, and mercury couples (the main constituents of the amalgam) were determined from current-potential curves obtained at a rotating gold-disk electrode in solutions containing salts of the respective metals. Subsequently, anodic currents were applied to a rotating amalgam-disk electrode and the soluble products produced were identified using a concentric gold ring electrode, i.e., using the rotating gold-ring, amalgam-disk electrode. Species generated at the amalgam disk are transferred to the gold ring by convective diffusion. Tin ions were found to be the only soluble species generated at the amalgam disk. No evidence for dissolution of other components was found. The selective dissolution of tin from the amalgam is also consistant with potential shifts observed in repetitive current-potential curves of an amalgam disk.This study provides a direct proof for the selective dissolution of tin during corrosion of dental amalgam in an in vitro environment.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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