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  • 1975-1979  (13)
  • Organic Chemistry  (11)
  • AMP-System  (1)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • transsexualism
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 222 (1976), S. 13-25 
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Maprotiline ; Double-Blind Trial ; Two Dosages ; Endogenous Depression ; AMP System ; Hamilton Scale for Depressions ; Maprotiline ; generic name ; Maprotilin ; Doppelblindversuch ; 2 Dosierungen ; endogene Depression ; AMP-System ; Hamilton ; Skala für Depressionen ; Maprotilin ; Markenname
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In einer klinischen Doppelblindstudie mit 150 mg und 225 mg Maprotilin täglich wurden Wirkung und Nebenwirkungen der beiden Dosierungen an je 10 depressiven Patienten miteinander verglichen. Durch hohe Tagesdosen (300 mg/die) an den ersten beiden Behandlungstagen wurde eine initiale Sättigung angestrebt. Die Patienten wurden an den Tagen 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20 und 30 klinisch untersucht und die Befunde dokumentiert mit dem AMP-System und der Hamilton-Skala für Depressionen. Laboruntersuchungen wurden an den Tagen 0, 10, 20 und 30 durchgeführt. Insgesamt entwickelte sich bei 5 Patienten ein Exanthem; davon waren 3 mit der höheren Dosierung behandelt worden. Bezüglich der Ausprägung eines feinschlägigen Tremors war die niedrigere Dosierung besser verträglich. Die von Behandlungsbeginn an zu beobachtende lineare Besserung weist auf den raschen Wirkungseintritt hin. Die häufig behauptete Latenz von 10–20 Tagen bis zum Wirkungsbeginn antidepressiver Substanzen kann nicht bestätigt werden. Einige Patienten besserten sich rasch innerhalb weniger Tage, während bei anderen Patienten erst nach längerer Behandlung eine wesentliche Besserung festzustellen war. Offenbar ist die Geschwindigkeit, mit der depressive Symptome durch ein Antidepressivum beeinflußt werden, individuell recht unterschiedlich. Statistisch konnte mit Hilfe der Kovarianzanalyse kein Wirkungsunterschied zwischen den beiden Dosierungen festgestellt werden. Die graphische Darstellung der Wirkungsprofile weist auf eine ausgeprägtere antidepressive Wirkung im höheren Dosierungsbereich hin. Da unter der höheren Dosierung jedoch mehr Nebenwirkungen zu beobachten waren, kann die Applikation der höheren Tagesdosis von Maprotilin nicht eindeutig empfohlen werden. Die Applikation von weniger als 150 mg Maprotilin täglich bei hospitalisierten depressiven Patienten scheint uns problematisch zu sein.
    Notes: Summary Effects and side-effects of 150 mg and 225 mg maprotiline per day were compared by means of a double-blind trial in 20 depressed inpatients. The first 2 days patients received a high initial dosage of 300 mg per day. Patients were examined on days 0, 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30. Symptoms were evaluated by the AMP system and the Hamilton scale for depressions. Laboratory examinations were carried out on days 0, 10, 20, and 30. Exanthemas developed in five patients, three of whom were on the higher dosage. Moreover, the lower dosage caused less fine hand tremor. Coinciding with the beginning of treatment a linear decrease of depressive symptoms was noted. This demonstrates the rapid onset of the antidepressant effect. Moreover, contrary to what has been stated for antidepressants generally, the onset of action was frequently noted well before 10–20 days of treatment. Some patients improved within a few days while others needed more time. The time lag until antidepressants influence depressive symptoms shows pronounced individual differences. No significant difference between the two dosages was found. The profiles show a better antidepressant effect for the higher dosage; however, because of a higher incidence of side-effects on the higher dosage of maprotiline, it cannot be recommended as routine. On the other hand, depressive inpatients should receive a daily dosage of at least 150 mg. Our findings suggest a dose-effect relationship for maprotiline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two acetylenic steroids, cholest-5-en-23-yn-3β-ol (5) and 26,27-dinorcholest-5-en-23-yn-3β-ol (3), and another unsaturated steroidalcohol, stigmasta-5,23-dien-3β-ol (7), were isolated from the sponge Calyx nicaaensis. The structures of these two acetylenic steroids were established by synthesis. Several attempts to synthesize the marine steroids alcohol calysterol (1), with a cyclopropene-containing side chain, starting from cholest-5-en-23-yn-3β-ol are also recorded. Addition of ethyl-diazo-acetate to the triple bond was performed, but the reduction to the methyl derivative yielded decomposition products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 643-659 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Exo- and endo-Tricarbonyliron Complexes of Bicyclic 2,3-Dimethylidene Compounds.The preparation of exo- and endo-tricarbonyliron complexes (exo- and endo-5, -6, -8, and 9) of 2,3-dimethylidene-5-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene(1), -bicyclo[2.2.1]-heptane (2), -5-bicyclo[2.2.2]octene (3) and -bicyclo[2.2.2]octane (4) is described. The complexes are obtained by thermal reaction of the bicyclic butadienes with di-ironenneacarbonyl in hexane solution. exo- and endo-5 are also formed photochemically from ironpentacarbonyl and 1 in pentane solution at -35°. The structural assignment of exo- and endo-5 and -6 is based on their mass-spectra and on coordination shifts in 1H- and 13C-NMR.-spectra exo- and endo-6 are correlated with exo- and endo-5, respectively, by hydrogenation. Hydrogenation of the uncomplexed double bond in exo- and endo-5 occurs in both complexes from the exo side as shown by deuteration experiments. The free ligand 1 reacts in the same stereospecific manner.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 59 (1976), S. 364-376 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Planar Pt(II)- and Pd(II)-Complexes with Terdentate Azo- and Azomethine Ligands: A Contribution to the Question of Nα/Nβ-Isomerism.The preparation and properties of novel Pt(II)- and Pd(II)-complexes with terdentate azo- and azomethine ligands and with an amine in the fourth coordination position of the metals are described. In certain cases the formation of isomeric complexes is observed, which are interpretated as Nα/Nβ-isomers according to their 1H-NMR.-signals.The postulated isomerism will be proved by 15N-NMR.-spectroscopy - in the following publication [5] using 15N-enriched compounds whose syntheses are described in this publication.
    Additional Material: 10 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 62 (1979), S. 62-66 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The aromatic 1H- and 13C-NMR. spectra of some metal complexes of o, o′-dihydroxyazobenzenes are shown to be useful in distinguishing the two possible isomers (acolar and discolar) stemming from the non equivalence of the two ligating azo nitrogen atoms. The ortho aromatic carbon atoms, C(6) and C(12) experience relatively large upfield shifts between 12.8 and 15.7 ppm when the adjacent nitrogen atom is coordinated. The protons attached to these carbon atoms are shifted downfield. The values nJ (15N, 13C) for the ligand 2,2′-dihydroxy-3-methyl-4′-chloro-5-(t-butyl)-15N-azobenzene are reported.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 59 (1976), S. 376-379 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 15N-NMR. parameters of some Pt(II)complexes of unsymmetrical o, o′-dihydroxydiarylazo-ligands are shown to be useful in the solution of subtle structural problems.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kinetics of very fast Methylmercury-Transfer Reactions between Pyridine-containing Chelating Ligands and the Hydroxide IonThe kinetics of the reactions between methylmercury hydroxide and bipyridine, terpyridine, phenanthroline and pyridine-2-azo-4-dimethylaniline have been studied by means of the temperature jump relaxation method. These bi- and tridentate ligands form methylmercury chelates. Their formation is faster than the formation of the pyridine complex. The chelate complexes show an unusually high reactivity. Their reaction rates with hydroxide ions reach almost the diffusion controlled limit.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 60 (1977), S. 191-203 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On the Formation of Polycyclic Ketones in the Reaction of 5, 6-Dimethylidene-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene with Diiron-enneacarbonyl5,6-Dimethylidene-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene (4), in the presence of diiron-ennea-carbonyl in boiling hexane, produces the endo-and exo-tricarbonyl-iron complex of 4 (endo- and exo-5). A mixture of numerous tricarbonyl-iron complexes with ligands derived from coupling and carbonylation reactions of 4 are also formed. The endo- and exo-5 compounds as well as two tricarbonyl-iron complexes (7 and 8) of penta-cyclic ketones could be isolated and characterized. After oxidative removal of the tricarbonyl-iron groups in the reaction mixture the three pentacyclic ketones 9, 10 and 11 were separated. Structure and configuration of these ketones were deduced from spectroscopic analyses, especially from their 1H- and 13C-NMR. spectra (see tables 1-4). Whereas the symmetric pentacyclic ketone 11 is of a known type (cf. [1]) the two spiroketone 9 and 10 represent compounds of a new type. Their structure and configuration shows that in ironcarbonyl induced thermal cyclopentanone formations, an exocyclic double bond can also take part.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 58 (1975), S. 1309-1316 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An o, o′-Dihydroxyphenylazomethin und-azofarbstoffen, welche im Phenylrest eine zur Azomethin- bzw. Azogruppe o-ständige Methylgruppe besitzen, wurden die Unterschiede der CH3-Protonensignale im 1H-NMR.-Spektrum beim Übergang der Liganden zu den 1:2-Co(III)-Komplexen untersucht. Die beobachteten Regelmässigkeiten unterstützen und ergänzen die in [1] gemachten Feststellungen.Ausserdem wird durch die Einführung der CH3-Gruppe in die genannte Stellung bei «Phenylazo-2-naphthol-Komplexen» eine «Nα/Nβ-Isomerie» induziert, die bei Abwesenheit dieser CH3-Gruppe nicht auftritt.Dieses Ergebnis ist ein Hinweis dafür, dass grundsätzlich jedem o, o′-Dihydroxyazofarbstoff diese Isomeriefähigkeit inhärent ist.
    Additional Material: 6 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 85 (1975), S. 261-270 
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Chick embryo cells which have been kept overnight at pH 6.8 in the absence of serum multiply very slowly. Only a small fraction of cells is in the S period at any given time, and the rate of uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose is very low. Upon raising the pH to 7.4 and adding serum (“turn-on”) the uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose increases immediately; the rate of DNA synthesis increases after a lag of about 4 hours, and represents an increase in the fraction of cells synthesizing DNA. The uptake of 2-deoxy-D-glucose is rapidly returned to its original low rate at any time by again lowering the pH and removing serum (“turn-off”). The synthesis of DNA in the culture remains constant or continues to rise at a markedly reduced rate following the same treatment. Lowering pH or removing serum independently of each other is less efficient at inhibiting the increase in DNA synthesis than the combined treatment but each accomplishes a similar result. Cultures which have been “turnedoff” during the early stages of the rapid increase in DNA synthesis, resume their prior rate of increase immediately if “turned-on” again within 2.5 hours. If the cultures have been “turned-off” for 5.5 hours before restoring the “turn-on,” there is a 2 hour delay before they resume an increased rate of DNA synthesis. The results indicate that chick embryo cells do not become committed to the initiation of DNA synthesis until shortly before, or at the time of the onset of the S period.Up to 96% of the cells in post-confluent cultures growing in conventional medium become labeled upon continuous, prolonged exposure to 3H-thymidine. Seventy-eight percent of the cells in serum-deprived cultures growing at a very low rate become labeled. These and other considerations suggest that the inhibition of cell multiplication by high population density or serum deprivation is caused by a lengthening of the time cells remain in the prereplicative G1 period rather than by shifting cells into a qualitatively distinct G0 period. There may, however, be a period common to all cells regardless of growth rate, in which cells are not progressing toward the S period. The length of this variable period would then determine the growth rate of a population of cells.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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