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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 370 (1976), S. 273-289 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Bone marrow biopsy ; Hairy cell leukemia ; Differential diagnosis ; Myelofibrosis ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 24 patients with hairy cell leukemia, histological and fine structural findings from biopsies of the bone marrow are reported and their validity is compared with other diagnostic procedures available. Diagnosis by light microscopy of anterior iliac crest biopsies obtained by the method of myelotomy is possible with a high degree of accuracy. The differentiation of hairy cell leukemia from other myelo- or lymphoproliferative disorders based on cytomorphology as well as patterns of growth is emphasized. Morphological differences between fibrosis in this entity and other lesions such as malignant lymphomas, Hodgkin's disease, osteomyelofibrosis and -sclerosis are emphasized. Electron microscopy of the bone marrow shows single fibroblastic cells with numerous slender cytoplasmic processes randomly dispersed among the hairy cells. These fibroblasts are probably responsible for the synthesis of the reticulin and collagen fibres in their surroundings. Moreover fine structure of the hairy cells demonstrates pinocytic activity but no apparent phagocytosis in contrast to the phagocytic reticulum cells (histiocytes, macrophages). In the bone marrow the precursor cells and the many immature forms of hairy cells exhibit an overall lymphocytoid appearance during their maturation, suggesting a lymphocytic origin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 373 (1977), S. 191-211 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Myeloproliferative disorder ; Thrombocytes ; Megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis ; Bone marrow biopsy ; Megakaryocyte lineage ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the bone marrow in chronic megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis (CMGM) was studied in 5 nontreated patients to investigate possible malignant proliferation of megakaryocytes and the role of megakaryopoiesis in fibrillogenesis, terminating in osteomyelofibrosis. In comparison with normal megakaryopoiesis there is an enormous increase of the megakaryocytic cell line and many immature and atypical forms are seen. Most conspicuous are microforms, nuclear-cytoplasmic disorganization and nuclear inclusions. Asynchrony of maturation causes abnormal thrombocytogenesis with premature detachment of platelets resulting in immature and peculiar giant forms of thrombocytes. Besides megakaryocytes appearing superficially normal the maturation anarchy of many cells is so severe that by analogy with observations in other leukaemic cells these abnormalities are thought to be representative of a malignant growth. Moreover, there is a striking accumulation of microfibrils and single collagen fibres around megakaryoblasts. Since these cells contain all those organelles commonly associated with fibre production the initial step for fibrillogenesis may therefore arise from the megakaryoblasts prior to platelet release, or any fibroblast proliferation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of hematology 39 (1979), S. 177-190 
    ISSN: 1432-0584
    Keywords: Chronische myelo-monozytäre Leukämie ; Seeblaue Histiozyten ; Knochenmarksbiopsie ; Elektronenmikroskopie ; Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia ; Sea-blue histiocytes ; Bone marrow biopsy ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Clinical data and light and electron microscopic findings are presented in a patient with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia of about 5 years' duration and no need for specific therapy. Cytogenetic studies failed to demonstrate a Philadelphia-chromosome. The leading clinical symptoms were anemia, moderate hepatomegaly, and leukocytosis with monocytes in the peripheral blood count. Light microscopy of bone marrow cores showed hypercellularity of neutrophil granulocytic and monocytic cell lines including some precursor forms. Electron microscopy confirmed the existence of a biphasic myelomonocytic cell proliferation with predominance of mature forms in both lineages; there were no gross cellular abnormalities and no “hiatus leukaemicus”. Conspicuous were cells of an undeterminated origin apparently neither belonging to the neutrophil granulocytic nor monocytic series and large histiocytic cells, possibly corresponding to the so-called sea-blue histiocytes of light microscopy. The high degree of maturation of both cell lines in the bone marrow is in accordance with the relatively benign and prolongated course of this rare type of leukemia.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Von einem Patienten mit einer chronischen myelo-monozytären Leukämie von etwa 5 Jahren Dauer und ohne spezifische Therapie werden klinische sowie licht- und elektronenmikroskopische Befunde vorgestellt. Zytogenetische Untersuchungen ließen ein Philadelphia-Chromosom nicht erkennen. Die führenden Symptome waren eine geringe Anämie, eine mäßige Lebervergrößerung und Leukozytose mit Monozyten im peripheren Blutausstrich. Lichtmikroskopische Untersuchungen des Knochenmarkes zeigten eine Zellvermehrung der neutrophilen granulozytären und der monozytären Zellreihen einschließlich einiger Frühformen. Die Elektronenmikroskopie bestätigte das Vorhandensein einer biphasischen myelo-monozytären Zellproliferation mit Vorwiegen der reifen Formen in beiden Zellinien. Es bestanden keine bemerkenswerten zellulären Anomalien und kein „hiatus leucaemicus“. Auffallend waren Zellen unbestimmbarer Herkunft, die weder der neutrophilgranulozytären oder monozytären Reihe sicher zuzuordnen waren, und große histiozytäre Zellen, die wahrscheinlich den sogenannten „seeblauen Histiozyten“ der Lichtmikroskopie entsprechen. Der hohe Grad der Ausreifung in beiden Zellinien im Knochenmark steht in Übereinstimmung mit dem relativ gutartigen und langen Verlauf dieses seltenen Types einer Leukämie.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Myeloproliferative disorder ; Megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis ; Granulocyte lineage ; Bone marrow biopsy ; Freeze-fracture ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 5 patients with chronic megakaryocytic-granulocytic myelosis (CMGM) bone marrow specimens were studied by electron microscopy to investigate possible abnormalities of the granulocytic cell lineage. Thin sections were compared with freeze-fracture replicas to elucidate further aspects of leucocyte cytology. The atypia exhibited in these cells (eosinophils, basophils and neutrophil granulocytes) consisted mostly of a disorganization of granulopoiesis with hyper- and hypogranulation, a pathological increase in the number of nuclear blebs and a maturation asynchrony sometimes leading to Pelger-like cell forms. Moreover, a presumptive stem cell was demonstrated in the erythopoietic and granulocytic cell lines resembling CFU cells. In conclusion, granulopoiesis in CMGM exhibited abnormalities as generally observed in chronic myelogenous leukaemia. When considered with our previous finding of malignancy in megakaryopoiesis, CMGM has to be classified as a myelosis of mixed cellularity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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