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  • 1975-1979  (41)
Material
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 12 (1976), S. 218-221 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary 1. By the use of ESR, it has been shown that motor oils with different combinations of USSR and foreign additives contain complexes of stable free radicals (FRC's). The ESR spectrum of such free radical complexes consists of a single line, 5–10 Oe in width, with a g factor corresponding to that of the stable free radical DPPH. The quantity of FRC's in the oils (N) varies over wide limits, from 7 · 1014 to 7 · 1017 in 1 g of oil. The change of N in the presence of atmospheric oxygen has been used as an indirect rating of chemical activity of the FRC's present in the test oil samples. 2. The PZV method (severe procedure) has been used in determining the tendency of the test oil samples toward forming varnish deposits on engine parts (M). An empirical relationship has been established among M, CA, and N. Values of M calculated by this relationship on the basis of the ESR spectrum parameters are little different from the experimental values. The existence of such a relationship demonstrates that the FRC's are the active part of the additive in preventing the formation of varnish deposits on engine parts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 11 (1975), S. 963-965 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary 1. In a thermographic study of the thermal stability of metal-containing and ashless detergent additives for motor oils, it has been established that the best thermal stability is shown by metal sulfonates and certain succinimides, in particular a boron-containing succinimide; the poorest thermal stability is shown by detergent additives of the metal alkylphenolate type. 2. It has been shown that the loss in effectiveness of detergent additives at elevated temperatures is directly related to their thermal stability; the better the thermal stability of the additive, the less will be the drop in its dispersancy in the high-temperature region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions 1. A study has been made of surface activity for certain esters of phosphonic acids that have been recommended as antiwear (extreme-pressure) additives for lubricating oils. 2. Phosphonates or chlorophosphonates with low chemical activities relative to the metals that have been studied are not suitable for use as antiwear additives. 3. The effectiveness of antiwear action of these esters is determined not only by their chemical activity, but also by their surface properties.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 11 (1975), S. 202-205 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions 1. Symmetrically substituted dialkyl sulfides of the general formula S[(CHz)nCOOR] a have better antiwear properties than unsubstituted sulfides; the most effective compounds are those in which there are at least four methylene groups between the sutfide and ester groupings, and in which the hydrocarbon radical consists of up to 10 carbon atoms. 2. Sulfoxides give a greater wear reduction than the corresponding sulfides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 11 (1975), S. 302-305 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Conclusions 1. The synergistic effect in solubilization that can be observed when a succinimide is combined with a zinc dialkyl- or diaryldithiophosphate in optimum proportions is manifested in an increase in the quantity of asphaltenes transferred by the given additive package from the sediment into colloidal solution and is also manifested in a decrease in the size of asphaltene particles in the solution. 2. Overbased calcium sulfonate and alkylphenolate do not have any favorable effect on the solubilizing capacity of the mixture of succinimide and zinc dialkyldithiophosphate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 11 (1975), S. 335-340 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary In connection with the scientific and technological revolution now taking place, an urgent need has arisen for adopting active measures directed toward the fastest possible growth of a new branch of science and technology, i.e., chemmotology, toward the establishment of an appropriate scientific and engineering base (chemmotology subdivisions) in the national economy, and toward faster solutions to the problems in rational utilization of lubricants, fuels, and specialty fluids; the following specific measures are necessary: 1. We must speed up the establishment of chemmotology laboratories, divisions, and research centers in various branches of industry, such as petroleum refining, chemical production, and machinery construction, and also in organizations in aviation, automotive, rail, and marine transport; in agriculture, in factories and plants, etc. 2. We must provide an adequate output of specialists with higher and intermediate levels of training. 3. We must organize a systematic research program in the development and practical use of qualification methods for evaluating the service properties of fuels and lubricants. 4. We must organize the publication of a journal “Chemmotology” as an organ of the Ministries in petroleum refining, petrochemical production, machinery construction, transport departments, and agriculture. 5. We must establish a scientific chemmotology committee, whose duties will be (a) to promote the organization and growth of work on chemmotology in our country; (b) to correlate domestic and foreign information on the most important scientific and practical questions in the rational utilization of fuels and lubricants in various fields of technology; (c) to review the results of scientific studies in chemmotology that are of major and basic significance in the national economy, and to make scientific recommendations relating to such studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 11 (1975), S. 388-392 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary 1. Through the application of mathematical methods of experiment design and mathematical modeling in an investigation of the influence of calcium alkylsalicylate, calcium sulfonate, and a succinimide on the indices characterizing motor oil service properties, it has become possible to obtain a quantitative evaluation of the mutual influence of these additives on oil properties. 2. Of the additives investigated, the overbased calcium alkylsalicylate has the decisive influence on the thermal-oxidative stability of the oil. The predominant influence on oil dispersancy is that of the succinimide. 3. Mathematical methods have been used to demonstrate a rather high degree of correlation between the results on oil dispersancy as determined by means of the detergent potential and those based on the amounts of sediment on filters with different pore sizes. 4. Interactions among additives have a great influence on the relative viscosity change for the used oil in tests in the PZV unit. In the regions of additive concentrations represented by 0.8–1.5% SV, 4.4–5.6% PMSya, and 1–2.9% MASK, we observe a synergistic effect upon combining the calcium alkylsalicylate with the succinimide, and also on combining the calcium sulfonate with the succinimide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 12 (1976), S. 723-727 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 14 (1978), S. 848-850 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Chemistry and technology of fuels and oils 14 (1978), S. 855-858 
    ISSN: 1573-8310
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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