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  • 1970-1974  (3)
  • 1915-1919
  • Anticholinergic Activity  (1)
  • Coronary Blood Flow  (1)
  • Hautdurchblutung  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 277 (1973), S. 387-400 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Myocardial Infarction ; Coronary Blood Flow ; Epicardial Mapping ; Nitroglycerin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of nitroglycerin (N.G.) on the size of myocardial infarction was studied in 12 open-chest dogs with chloralose-urethane anesthesia by means of epicardial ECG-mapping and compared with the influence of simple ligature of the same coronary artery branch. In order to identify the specific effect of N.G. on the heart and the coronary circulation without contribution of the peripheral circulation in 6 dogs aortic pressure was stabilized by a clamp placed around the descending aorta and heart rate was kept constant by atrial pacing. Nitroglycerin (0.5 mg/kg i.v.) infused during the occlusion period of 20 min resulted in a decrease of mean arterial pressure for 27 mm Hg (p〈0.005) and left ventricular enddiastolic pressure for 2 mm Hg (p〈0.05) indicating a diminishment in oxygen demand. Mean coronary blood flow was reduced to a similar extent (18%) as in the control infarction (22%). Compared to simple occlusion no significant alteration in the extent of ST-elevation in the epicardial electrogram was observed during N.G.-infusion even in the presence of hypotension. In the stabilized group with constant afterload (mean arterial pressure) and heart rate nitroglycerin induced a slight, but not significant decrease of the enddiastolic left ventricular pressure compared to the control group. However, coronary blood flow and ST-elevation were unaffected. Thus, neither in the unstabilized nor in the stabilized group the extent of myocardial injury after ligature of a coronary artery branch were influenced by nitroglycerin. Obviously the improvement in the oxygen demand during nitroglycerin is out balanced by the reduction in oxygen supply so that in effect myocardial infarction size is not altered by N.G. as estimated from epicardial ECG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Imipramine ; Tricyclic Antidepressants ; Salivation ; Anticholinergic Activity ; Mood Change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A pilot study showed that single doses of imipramine (100 mg) produced a maximum reduction in salivation after 3 h which persisted for 72 h after drug. Effects after 3 h were reproducible in 3 subjects and differed from control levels on all 6 occasions of testing. A double-blind study in 6 subjects was then carried out to ascertain whether a dose response measured by salivary flow could be obtained for imipramine and dimethacrin, a developmental drug with fewer anticholinergic effects in animals. A further objective was to study the effects of both drugs on subjective feelings of mood, appetite, and dry mouth in order to make correlations between these effects and the anticholinergic activity. Results showed a linear log-dose response reduction in salivation for imipramine which differed significantly from placebo and dimethacrin. Significant changes on the Clyde Mood Scale in sleepiness and friendliness factors occurred only with imipramine, raising the question of whether there is a causal relationship between the central actions of imipramine and its anticholinergic activity. The significant decrease in friendliness with imipramine as compared to placebo suggests that anticholinergic activity is unlikely to be responsible for antidepressant effect, but may account for the drug's sedative action.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of applied physiology 28 (1970), S. 239-246 
    ISSN: 1439-6327
    Keywords: Venous Tone ; Skin Blood Flow ; Forced In- or Expiration ; Hautvenentonus ; Hautdurchblutung ; forcierte In- bzw. Exspiration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkungen von intermittierend forcierten In- oder Exspirationen (1500 ml alle 10 sec bei im übrigen spontaner Atmung) auf den Hautvenentonus am Unterarm, die Hautdurchblutung am Finger und den peripheren Venendruck wurden an 13 gesunden Versuchspersonen untersucht. Bei forcierten Inspirationen zeigte der Venentonus deutliche initiale Steigerungen und kehrte nur langsam in den Bereich der Vorwerte zurück. Bei forcierten Exspirationen traten dagegen schwächere Venentonussteigerungen auf, die Vorwerte wurden schneller wieder erreicht. Die Fingerdurchblutung nahm bei forcierten Inspirationen stärker als bei forcierten Exspirationen ab und kehrte annähernd gleichzeitig mit dem Venentonus in den Bereich der Ausgangswerte zurück. Der periphere Venendruck stieg bei forcierten In- und Exspirationen an und erreichte relativ schnell ein weitgehend konstant bleibendes neues Niveau. Meist lagen die Werte bei forcierten Inspirationen über denen bei forcierten Exspirationen. Als Ursache der vasomotorischen Reaktionen im Bereich der Kapazitäts- und Widerstandsgefäße der Haut werden atmungsabhängige Druck- bzw. Volumenänderungen der Lunge und des Thorax angesehen, die gleichgerichtete Effekte in beiden Gefäßtypen verursachen.
    Notes: Summary The effects of intermittent forced inspirations or expirations (1500 ml every 10 sec but otherwise spontaneous respiration) on the venous tone of skin vessels of the forearm, the skin blood flow of the finger and the peripheral venous pressure were investigated on 13 healthy subjects. With forced inspirations the venous tone at first markedly increased and then it returned slowly to its previous values. With forced expirations the venous tone showed smaller increases and reached the previous level faster. The skin blood flow of the finger decreased with forced inspirations more distinctly than with forced expirations and returned to its resting level nearly simultaneously with the venous tone. The peripheral venous pressure rose with forced inspirations or expirations and rapidly reached a new level. In most cases the values were higher with forced inspirations than with forced expirations. It is suggested that the vasomotor reactions of the capacity and resistance vessels are caused by pressure or volume changes of the lungs or of the thorax, respectively, which provoke qualitatively similar effects in both types of vessels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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