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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: hypoglycemia ; glucagon ; neonate ; intravenous glucose ; hyperinsulinism ; diabetes ; pancreatic α-cell ; diabetic mother ; portal plasma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les auteurs ont étudié des nouveau-nés humains pendant les premières heures de la vie. La glycémie, les taux d'insuline et de glucagon dans le plasma portal ont été dosés à intervalles réguliers jusqu'à la 24ème heure après la naissance, de même què au cours d'une surcharge glucosée intraveineuse pratiquée à la 24ème heure. — Un matériel présentant les caractéristiques immunologiques du glucagon pancréatique a été mis en évidence dans le plasma portal des nouveau-nés normaux et de mère diabétique. La surcharge glucosée intraveineuse ne réduit pas le taux de glucagon plasmatique chez le nouveau-né normal ni chez l'enfant de mère diabétique. — Dans la phase tardive de la surcharge glucosée intraveineuse, les valeurs de la glucagonémie portale sont plus élevées chez l'enfant normal que chez le nouveau-né de mère diabétique. L'insulinémie portale est plus élevée chez le nouveau-né de mère diabétique à la 24ème heure de la vie et à la phase initiale de la surcharge glucosée. — L'hypothèse est proposée que la différence de comportement du glueagon pourrait résulter de l'hyperinsulinisme relatif de l'enfant de mère diabétique, l'insuline favorisant la pénétration de glucose dans la cellule α et permettant, par ce mécanisme, une suppression plus efficace de la sécrétion de glucagon.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Menschliche Neugeborene wurden während der ersten Lebensstunden untersucht. Blut-glucose, portales Plasmainsulin und Glucagon wurden sowohl in regulären Abständen bis zu 24 Std nach der Geburt als auch während einer intravenösen Glucosebelastung in der 24. Std untersucht. — Eine Substanz mit den immunologischen Charakteristika von Pancreasglucagon wurde im portalen Plasma sowohl von normalen Kindern als auch von Kindern diabetischer Mütter gefunden. Die intravenöse Glucosebelastung hat weder bei den normalen Neugeborenen noch bei den Kindern diabetischer Mütter das Plasmaglucagon unterdrückt. Im Vergleich zu den Kindern diabetischer Mütter wurden bei den normalen Neugeborenen in der späten Phase der intravenösen Glucosebelastung höhere Plasmaglucagonwerte beobachtet. Portales Plasmainsulin war bei den Kindern diabetischer Mütter sowohl nach 24 Std als auch während der ersten Phase des intravenösen Glucosetoleranztests erhöht gefunden worden. — Es wird die Hypothese vorgeschlagen, daß das Verhalten der Unterschiede in der Glucagonsekretion möglicherweise eine Folge des relativen Hyperinsulinismus der Kinder diabetischer Mütter sei, welcher der Glucose den Eintritt in die Zelle durch Insulin erleichtert und so eine effektvollere Glucagonverminderung erlaubt.
    Notes: Summary Human neonates have been studied during the first hours of life. Blood glucose, portal plasma insulin and glucagon have been determined both at regular intervals up to 24 h after birth and during an intravenous glucose load performed at the 24th h. A material presenting the immunological characteristics of pancreatic glucagon has been found in the portal plasma of both normal infants and infants from diabetic mothers (IDM). The intravenous glucose load did not suppress plasma glucagon in the normal neonates nor in the IDM. Higher portal plasma glucagon values were observed in the late phase of the intravenous glucose load in normal neonates compared to IDM. Portal plasma insulin has been found higher in IDM both at the 24th h of life and during the early phase of the intravenous glucose tolerance test. The hypothesis is put forward that the behaviour difference in glucagon secretion might be a consequence of the relative nyperinsulinism of IDM with insulin facilitating the entry of glucose into the α cell thus permitting a more effective glucagon suppression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 10 (1974), S. 201-204 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; control ; M-value ; blood glucose ; computer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Three hundred and twenty eight serial measurements of blood glucose (SMBG) performed in a Department of Medicine were rated by 7 experienced diabetes specialists. A statistical study showed considerable variation among the raters. Similarly, the ratings of the 7 physicians relative to the mean rating showed a great deal of individual variation. A highly satisfactory correlation was found between the mean rating of the 7 physicians and the M-value of Schlichtkrull as computed from 7 or 8 samples collected during the day. On the basis of these findings the degree of diabetes control for this population can be judged satisfactory, good or very good when the M-value is ⩽ 10. If the M-value is ⩾ 22, control is poor or very poor and major changes in the treatment program are indicated. Intermediate values, seen in one out of five cases, indicate the need for systematic consultation with a diabetes specialist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Analgesic ; antipyretic ; antiphlogistic ; intestinal absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The excretion kinetics and blood levels of alclofenac (14C-carbonyl) have been investigated in 9 patients treated orally (400, 800 or 1200 mg single dose) or rectally (400 mg single dose). The results obtained have shown that: 1) the absorption and excretion of oral alclofenac are highly effective and rapid at the dose levels tested; 2) the blood levels are directly dose-related but cannot be correlated quantiatively with the urinary excretion; 3) binding of the drug to erythrocytes is only detectable at high blood levels; 4) rectal and oral administration are equally effective; 5) the analgesic activity of alclofenac is related to its blood concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 323 (1971), S. 11-20 
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Insulin ; Sodium Excretion ; Potassium Excretion ; Water Excretion ; Isolated Kidney ; Insulin ; Natriumexkretion ; Kaliumexkretion ; Wasser-exkretion ; Isolierte Niere
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Insulin has been shown to decrease sodium, potassium and water excretion by direct action on the kidney. Reduction of sodium excretion is due to enhanced tubular reabsorption as a probable consequence of stimulated active sodium transport. The renal effect of insulin is demonstrated with plasma hormone concentration observable in pathophysiological conditions; it offers therefore a possible explanation for some clinical findings such as the changes in sodium, potassium and water excretion occurring in man after fasting and subsequent glucose feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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