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  • (tetrahydrofuran)lithium cyanotrimethylsilylamide  (1)
  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome  (1)
  • Arterio-venous malformation  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Transcranial Doppler sonography ; Duplex scanning ; Arterio-venous malformation ; Real-time sonography ; Transcranial color-coded sonography ; MRI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Transcranial color-coded real-time sonography (TCCS) is a new diagnostic method allowing the non-invasive imaging of parenchymal and vascular structures of the adult brain through the intact skull. A description of the sonographic findings in two patients presenting with a radiologically ascertained arterio-venous malformation is provided. The AVM's can be depicted in the two-dimensional B-mode image as echodense areas interspersed with zones of lower echodensity. Their extension correlated with corresponding MRI images. The color-coded illustration of intravascular flow phenomena allowed the distinct identification of the major afferent feeding vessels, the venous drainage and of the vascular convolution of both AVM's. Information on hemodynamics, as e.g. the blood supply of the angioma by the contralateral internal carotid artery, are obtained by color-coded identification of intravascular flow direction including analysis of the Doppler frequency spectrrum. All findings obtained by TCCS complied with those established by angiography. We conclude, that TCCS is a suitable method for early diagnosis and long term follow up of cerebral AVM's.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Lung edema ; Acute respiratory distress syndrome ; Leukotrienes ; LTB4 ; Omega-oxidation products of LTB4 ; Broncho-alveolar lavage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Leukotriene (LT) generation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the acure respiratory distress syndrome, ARDS. In the present study, we analysed broncho-alveolar lavage fluids of patients on mechanical ventilation because of ARDS (17 samples taken from 9 patients) or because of cardiogenic edema (8 samples taken from 6 patients) and of healthy volunteers (10 samples from different donors). LTs were separated as methylated and non-methylated compounds using different HPLC procedures, and were identified by chromatographic mobility, on-line UV-spectrum analysis and post HPLC immunoreactivity. In the lavage samples of the healthy volunteers and the patients with cardiogenic edema, no LTs were detected by these technicues (detection limit≃0.1–0.2 ng/ml lavage fluid). By contrast, in 15 out of 17 samples from patients with ARDS LTB4 or its metabolites 20-OH-LTB4 and 20-COOH-LTB4 were detected. The endproduct of omega-oxidation, 20-COOH-LTB4, represented the quantitatively predominant compound, detected in the range of 0.3–2.6ng/ml perfusate. We conclude that the chemotactic agent LTB4 may be involved in the amplification of inflammatory events encountered in ARDS, and that the oxidized metabolites of LTB4 are particularly suitable for monitoring lung leukotriene generation under conditions of neutrophil efflux and oxidative stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Lithium cyanotrimethylsilylamide ; (tetrahydrofuran)lithium cyanotrimethylsilylamide ; polymeric lithium amide ; X-ray structure determination ; vibrational spectra ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Metal Derivatives of Molecular Compounds. VI. Lithium and (Tetrahydrofuran)lithium Cyanotrimethylsilylamide  -  Syntheses and StructuresAt different temperatures N,N′-bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimide (1) and lithium methanide react either under addition or substitution. When compound 1, however, is treated at -40°C with an equimolar amount of (1,2-dimethoxyethane-O,O′)lithium phosphanide (2) in 1,2-dimethoxyethane, only exchange of one trimethylsilyl group versus lithium is observed and in addition to phosphane and tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphane a very pure lithium derivative insoluble in n-pentane can be isolated. The vibrational spectra prove the compound to be lithium cyanotrimethylsilylamide (3).Recrystallization from tetrahydrofuran (+40/+20°C) yields (tetrahydrofuran)lithium cyanotrimethylsilylamide (3′). As shown by an X-ray structure analysis {C2/c; a = 2 261.1(5); b = 1 106.4(2); c = 1 045.9(2) pm; β = 113.63(1)°; Z = 8 formula units}, compound 3′ is polymeric in the solid state. Coordinative Li—N2′ bonds allow a head-to-tail addition of two monomeric units each to give an eight-membered heterocycle with two linear N1—C2≡N2 fragments (N1—C2 126.1; C2≡N2 117.5; N1—Si 171.4; Li—N1 203.2; Li—N2′ 206.1 pm; C2—N1—Li 109.0; N1—Li—N2′ 115.9; N2≡C2—N1 177.2°). Forming planar four-membered Li—N2—Li—N2 rings (Li—N2″″ 198.3 pm; Li′—N2—Li″ 80.3; N2′—Li—N2″″ 99.5°) these heterocycles polymerize to slightly folded tapes.
    Notes: N,N′-Bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimid (1) und Lithiummethanid reagieren in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur sowohl unter Addition als auch Substitution. Wird Verbindung 1 jedoch mit der äquimolaren Menge (1,2-Dimethoxyethan-O,O′)lithium-phosphanid (2) bei -40°C in 1,2-Dimethoxyethan umgesetzt, so erhält man unter Austausch einer Trimethylsilyl-Gruppe gegen Lithium neben Phosphan und Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphan ein sehr reines, in n-Pentan unlösliches Monosubstitutionsprodukt. Nach Aussage der Schwingungsspektren liegt Lithium-cyantrimethylsilylamid (3) vor.Kühlt man eine bei +40°C gesättigte Lösung von Verbindung 3 in Tetrahydrofuran auf Zimmertemperatur ab, so kristallisiert (Tetrahydrofuran)lithium-cyantrimethylsilylamid (3′) aus. Nach den Ergebnissen der Röntgenstrukturanalyse {C2/c; a = 2261,1(5); b = 1 106,4(2); c = 1 045,9(2) pm; β = 113,63(1)°; Z = 8 Formeleinheiten} liegt ein Polymer vor. Je zwei monomere Einheiten bauen zunächst über koordinative Li—N2′-Bindungen achtgliedrige Heterozyklen mit linearen N1—C2≡N2-Fragmenten auf (N1—C2 126,1; C2≡N2 117,5; N1—Si 171,4; Li—N1 203,2; Li—N2′ 206,1 pm; C2—N1—Li 109,0; N1—Li—N2′ 115,9; N2≡C2—N1 177,2°); diese fügen sich unter Ausbildung planarer viergliedriger Li—N2—Li—N2-Ringe (Li—N2″″ 198,3 pm; Li′—N2—Li″ 80,3; N2′—Li—N2″″ 99,5°) zu einem schwach gewellten Band zusammen.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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