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  • Plastocyanin  (2)
  • 35S-sulfolipid  (1)
  • Anabaena PCC 7120  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 145 (1986), S. 76-79 
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Plastocyanin ; Cytochrome c-553 ; Cu regulation ; Blue-green algae ; cyanobacteria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Fifteen species from different genera of blue-green algae have been examined for their formation of plastocyanin (PC) and cytochrome c-553 (cyt c-553) in high or low Cu media. In addition to species which contain only cyt c-553 and those which completely exchange their cyt c-553 by PC, a new regulatory type was detected in which this exchange was incomplete. By comparing different species, it could be shown that either this incomplete exchange of cyt c-553 by PC as well as lack of PC in some other blue-green algae is not caused by restricted Cu uptake but is due to different biosynthetic and regulatory properties. Occurrence of PC and cyt c-553 cannot be used as a taxonomic criterium to classify blue-green algae. However, formation of either one or both of these redox components fits well into a line of evolution of the photosynthetic apparatus from the blue-green algae via green algae to higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Plastocyanin ; Cytochrome exchange ; Algal taxonomy ; Chlorella
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Several eukaryotic algae belonging to the main taxonomic classes have been cultured autotrophically in liquid medium supplemented with or depleted of copper to assay their ability to form plastocyanin or exchange it against plastidic cytochrome c-553. Most Chlorophyceae are able to substitute cytochrome c-533 for plastocyanin with some exceptions like Haematococcus or Dunaliella, which can only synthesize plastocyanin. Also within the Chlorella group, about half of the 28 strains assayed cannot synthesize cytochrome c-553 under copper deficiency. Species of Chrysophyceae, Xanthophyceae, and Rhodophyceae, on the other hand, cannot synthesize plastocyanin even when a comparatively high copper concentration (10μM) is available. Serological cross-reactions of various plastocyanincontaining Chlorella homogenates against an antibody towards Scenedesmus plastocyanin exhibit a pattern which cannot be taxonomically used at the moment. Including previous data on blue-green algae, it appears that, in the course of evolution, cytochrome c-553 dominates in the older species. In the Chlorophyceae, it is mutually exchangeable against plastocyanin which becomes the only electron donor to P700 in higher plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: Anabaena PCC 7120 ; carotenoid biosynthesis ; ζ-carotene desaturase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A DNA fragment which has been isolated previously from an Anabaena DNA expression library was subcloned. The corresponding protein was overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The recombinant enzyme was fully active in converting ζ-carotene into lycopene in vitro with neurosporene as an intermediate. A smaller fragment which still contained the active enzyme was sequenced. An open reading frame of 1497 bp was found coding for a protein consisting of 499 amino acids with the calculated molecular weight of 56 740. In a computer search of nucleotide sequences contained in the EMBL nucleotide sequence library, all the best-fitting comparisons were carotenoid desaturases. The highest similarity was found with the crtI phytoene desaturase genes of bacteria and the al-1 gene from Neurospora crassa. A much lower similarity was found with the pds genes coding for phytoene desaturase from cyanobacteria and higher plants. It is shown in protein similarity plots that the amino acid similarity of ζ-carotene desaturase to the latter is mainly limited to the N terminus of the polypeptides. In contrast, the protein similarity plots and a comparison of a conserved region clearly demonstrate that there is a strong relationship between ζ-carotene desaturase and the phytoene desaturases from various bacteria and fungi. Therefore we propose that the ζ-carotene desaturase gene is homologous to the crt I phytoene desaturase genes of bacteria and fungi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Photosynthesis research 2 (1981), S. 281-289 
    ISSN: 1573-5079
    Keywords: ATP level ; autotrophic/heterotrophic cells ; plastocyanin formation ; role of light ; 35S-sulfolipid ; thylakoid formation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Scenedesmus acutus, pregrown autotrophically, forms high levels of plastocyanin during an initiation period of 24 hr in the light, after cupric ions have been added to depleted cells. In the dark, no plastocyanin formation is observed. This is in contrast to heterotrophic cells which, over the same period and under identical conditions, yield about half the plastocyanin level regardless of whether they are incubated in the dark or in the light. The ATP level is high in all cases when substantial formation of plastocyanin takes place, while the 35S-sulfolipid level, the marker of thylakoid formation, is at variance. After the 24-hr plastocyanin formation period, the 35S-sulfolipid level is high in illuminated autotrophic cells as well as in dark-incubated heterotrophic ones, but low in illuminated heterotrophic cells, all of them having substantial plastocyanin contents. Additional experiments on light dependence of copper uptake, influence of light quality, occurrence of apoplastocyanins, provide a set of data to assume that the role of light in plastocyanin formation is primarily through photophosphorylation, the ATP presumably being necessary for processing of plastocyanin precursors to holoprotein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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