ISSN:
1432-1041
Keywords:
Pharmacokinetics
;
computational aids
;
mathematical models
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
Notes:
Summary A slide rule has been devised which is based on the general mathematical models of pharmacokinetics. It permits calculation of exact dosage regimens for individual patients from certain basic parameters. First, from the patient's renal clearance, the proportionality constant characterizing renal excretion of a certain drug (a) and its non-renal rate constant of elimination (k nr), the rate constant of total elimination (k e) can be calculated. Second, fromk e, the apparent volume of distribution (V d) and the desired final mean concentration of a drug (c∞), exact values can readily be obtained for the loading dose (D*) and the dosage schedule, which consists of the maintenance dose (D), the dosing intervals (τ) and the infusion rate for intravenous administration. In addition the slide rule provides information about the rate at which c∞ is reached ifD alone is administered at τ, and the fluctuation in the concentration around c∞ to be anticipated during τ. By use of this calculation, the slide rule facilitates the decision whether a loading dose should be given, and what dosage schedule is best suited to the therapeutic problem. It is possible, therefore, to calculate exact dosage regimens for individual patients, even for those with excretory dysfunction. The slide rule should also help physicians to comprehend the nature and significance of pharmacokinetic mechanisms.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00560386
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