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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrical characterization of low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited silicon dioxide metal-oxide-silicon structures (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 2397-2401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The electrical characteristics of as-deposited and oxygen-annealed low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited (LPCVD) silicon dioxide (SiO2) metal-oxide-silicon (MOS) structures were investigated. As-deposited LPCVD SiO2 MOS structures exhibit a high oxide fixed charge density in the mid-1011 cm−2 and an interface state density in the low-1011 cm−2 eV−1 due to the large number of oxygen and silicon dangling bonds. A low electron barrier height in these structures (1.2 eV) is presumed to be due to lowering of the barrier by excess silicon microclusters. Oxygen-annealed LPCVD SiO2 MOS structures exhibit oxide fixed charge and interface state densities in the mid-1010 cm−2 and mid-1010 cm−2 eV−1, respectively. Both the as-deposited and annealed devices exhibit turnaround in flatband voltage shift with avalanche electron injection. However, the direction of shift is opposite for the two devices with the annealed device being very similar to that of thermally grown SiO2 MOS structures. Apparently, oxygen annealing restructures and oxidizes the partial SiOx in the as-deposited LPCVD oxide into stochiometric SiO2. However, the residual nonstochiometric SiO2 microclusters in the bulk result in an electron barrier height of only 2.3 eV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353093
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser heating of a sintered oxide superconductor (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 1915-1918 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Raman spectroscopy, in which a laser beam serves the dual role of exciting the Raman spectrum and annealing the sample, shows promise as a means of investigating oxygen effects in the oxide superconductors. A technique is described, based on measurements of the ratios of the areas of corresponding peaks in the anti-Stokes and Stokes spectra, whereby the temperature of the illuminated region of the sample can be determined as a function of the power in the incident laser beam. It is found that, for sintered samples of bismuth 2122, a small correction must be made for the departure from thermodynamic equilibrium induced by the pumping effect of the laser beam.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349473
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superconducting TlSr2(Ca,Cr)Cu2O7 thin films with critical current density up to 106 A/cm2 (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 4259-4261 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Superconducting TlSr2(Ca,Cr)Cu2O7 thin films with zero resistance temperature Tc up to 102 K and critical current density Jc as high as 106 A/cm2 at 77.7 K have been successfully prepared via laser ablation and thallium diffusion. Prolonged low temperature annealing in air was used for film processing. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the films were highly oriented 1212 phase with c axes normal to the LaAlO3(100) or MgO(100) substrates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354440
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strong unidirectional anisotropy in mechanically alloyed spinel ferrites (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 4078-4084 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cluster glass and relatively high coercivity at low temperatures were found in disordered ultrafine nickel ferrite powders. High-energy mechanical milling of spinel NiFe2O4 led to formation of a wüstitelike structure. Our investigation suggested that ferrimagnetic clusters formed in an antiferromagnetic matrix. The strong ferri/antiferromagnetic exchange coupling resulted in a strong unidirectional anisotropy and a coercivity of over 10 kOe at 4.2 K. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1405834
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device performance and polymer morphology in polymer light emitting diodes: The control of thin film morphology and device quantum efficiency (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4254-4263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of a systematic study on how the processing conditions of spin casting affect the morphology of polymer thin films, and how the morphology affects polymer light-emitting diode (LED) performance. The absorption peaks of poly(2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1, 4-phenylene vinylene) (MEH-PPV) thin films, which reflects the conjugation of π electrons, are strongly correlated to the spin-casting conditions. At high spin speed, better conjugation is observed. In addition, the photoluminescence emission peak of MEH-PPV films at ∼630 nm has a strong correlation to polymer aggregation. By proper selection of organic solvents, polymer solution concentrations, and spin speeds, we are able to control the aggregation of the polymer chains. Subsequently, we are able to control the emission color and the quantum efficiency of the MEH-PPV LEDs by simply adjusting the spin-casting conditions. Although spin casting is the most commonly used technique for the preparation of polymer thin films, our finding suggests that the thin-film preparation, and thus the formation of polymer morphology, is a much more complicated process than previously assumed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373062
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring fatigue damage in materials using magnetic measurement techniques (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 4595-4597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Measurements of hysteresis and Barkhausen effect (BE) have been made on 0.1 wt % C Fe–C alloys subjected to strain-controlled fatigue at various strain amplitudes. A relationship between the fatigue lifetime and strain amplitude was observed. The hysteresis properties of the samples cycled at different strain amplitudes were found to vary systematically with expended fatigue life. These properties showed significant changes in the initial and final stages of fatigue, while between these stages they remained stabilized. In the stable stage the remanence was found to decrease, whereas the coercivity increased with increasing strain amplitude. Variations in BE signal during fatigue were found to be closely related to the microstructural changes observed on the sample surface. These results are interpreted in the context of the changes in microstructure caused by fatigue damage, and the effects of the formation and propagation of fatigue cracks on the field distribution and domain structure in the vicinity of the cracks. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.370419
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of discharge parameters of the ion source at high potential : Proceedings of fifth international conference on ion sources (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1465-1467 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The present measurement system is composed of signal preprocessors, an A/D conversion card, optical fibers, a microcomputer, and an interface. After discharge parameters of an ion source at high potential, i.e., analog signals, are preprocessed by means of LPF, amplitude limit, and normalization, they are changed into digital signals by A/D conversion. The digital signals are transferred through optical fibers to low potential, then they are gathered, processed, or stored by the microcomputer. The system can measure eight analog signals at high potential through scanning. Each measurement will take about 160 μs with a precision of ±1 LSB, i.e., ±0.4% maximum relative error at full range. Measurements of discharge parameters of the ion source at high potential were made for a steady state ion source and a high current pulse ion source successively, whose results are in good agreement with practical cases. The formation and propagation of interference and approaches of anti-interference under high current and high pulse voltage conditions are briefly described in the present article.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144947
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    064
Adenoviral-Mediated Overexpression of Human Alpha1-Antichymotrypsin and Its Murine Homolog SPI2 Improve Wound Healing in Rats (2005)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Inc.
    Wound repair and regeneration 13 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: α1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) and its murine homolog spi2 are serine protease inhibitors present in plasma, that are locally up-regulated during wound healing. Ad-spi2 and Ad-ACT expression vectors were constructed to address the biological activity of locally expressed serpins. The condition medium of infected COS-1 cell at 2 d postinfection contained 1.23 ng/ml spi2 and 2.61 ng/ml ACT. Ad-LacZ or Ad-spi2 108 pfu was injected into the sponges after 3 d subcutaneous implantation in rats. Histological analysis showed that overexpression of spi2 improves granulation tissue organization and collagen deposition at d7 implantation. Moreover, overexpression of spi2 increases the contents of tissue DNA (23.8%, p 〈 0.05) and protein (25.3%, p 〈 0.05) in sponge implantation model in rats. In incisional wound models in both normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats, Ad-spi2 increases tensile strength by 26%(p = 0.011) and 29%(p = 0.022) as well as Ad-ACT increases by 10.3%(p = 0.037) and 32%(p = 0.004), respectively. In adriamycin-induced wound model in rats, histological analysis displayed less inflammatory cells infiltrating in Ad-ACT injected wound than in Ad-LacZ after 21 d injection of adriamycin. Inflammation enzymes MPO and elastase levels were decreased by 32.3% and 29.2% in Ad-ACT injected wound tissue. Our data concluded that overexpression of spi2 and ACT improves wound healing in rats probably via inflammatory resolution.(Supported by Switch Biotech and the Department of Veterans Affairs)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2005.130215bl.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    003
α1-Antichymotrypsin – A Human Serpin with the Potential to Heal Diabetic Ulcers (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: α1-Antichymotrypsin (α1-ACT) is a secreted serine proteinase inhibitor of the serpin family. It is strongly upregulated during the inflammatory phase of wound repair to control the undesirable destructive side effects of cathepsin G which is released from infiltrating neutrophils. We have shown that α1-ACT and its mouse homologue spi2 exhibit a classic acute phase response after cutaneous injury in murine and human skin. The induction of spi2 gene expression following wounding is significantly less pronounced in diabetic mice. Transient overexpression of spi2 or α1-ACT significantly increased wound tensile strength in two independent diabetic models: in genetically diabetic mice, gene gun mediated delivery of spi2 or α1-ACT cDNA increased the average wound strength by 42%(P = 0.001) and 21%(P = 0.013) at d5 post-wounding respectively. In a STZ induced diabetic rat model the breaking strength of adenovirally spi2- or α1-ACT-infected wounds increased by 20%(P = 0.049) and 23%(P = 0.004) at d7 after injection respectively. Moreover, the topical application of human α1-ACT protein to wounds of diabetic mice had a significant and dose dependent effect on tensile strength at d5 post-wounding (21% increase, P = 0.003). Histological analyses of these wounds indicated less infiltration of neutrophils in the treated wounds. α1-ACT appears to be a key mediator between proteolysis and cytokine agonism and antagonism. Our data indicate that this balance is disturbed in diabetic wounds and that α1-ACT might act as a switch to initiate wound healing in diabetic ulcers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractd.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    038
Adenoviral overexpression of MCP-2 induces macrophages and improves wound healing in diabetic rats (2004)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc.
    Wound repair and regeneration 12 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The recruitment of leukocyte subsets is mainly driven by chemokines. Monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (MCP-2) belongs to the CC subfamily of chemokines, and it is especially a chemoattractant for monocytes. Of all CC subfamily members only MCP-2 interacts with multiple receptors, and its N-terminal truncated isoform is a natural chemokine inhibitor. Gene expression profiling in excisional wounds showed MCP-2 was down-regulated 40% in wild type mice and 69.2% in diabetic mice at 24 h after wounding. To determine the biological response to MCP-2 during wound healing, we constructed an adenoviral vector (Ad-MCP-2). Ad-MCP-2 infected cell conditioned medium contained 460 ng/ml secreted MCP-2 (ELISA) and had chemotactic activity similar to recombinant full-length MCP-2 but not to MCP-2 N-terminal 8–13aa peptides in a THP-1cell migration assay. In an incisional wound model in STZ induced diabetic rats, the breaking strength of Ad-MCP-2 infected skin wounds increased by 43%(108 PFU, p 〈 0.05) and 30%(107 PFU, p 〈 0.05) at 7d after Ad-MCP-2 injection compared with Ad-LacZ control. The wound closure strength of 107 PFU Ad-MCP-2 infected wounds still increased by 21%(p 〈 0.05) at 10d after injection. In normal rats, the breaking strength of Ad-MCP-2 and Ad-Lacz infected wounds was not significantly different. In rats, we injected either Ad-MCP-2 or Ad-LacZ (108 PFU) into each PVA sponge at 3d after implantation. Histological analyses revealed numerous ED-1 positive macrophages infiltrating in the experimental granulation tissue at 7d after Ad-MCP-2 injection. Our data provide evidence that MCP-2 improved wound healing in diabetic rats, and the recruitment of macrophages into the wound granulation tissues was the one of the mechanisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1067-1927.2004.0abstractak.x
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