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  • Chemical Engineering  (17)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (8)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (4)
  • 65K10  (3)
  • cystic fibrosis  (3)
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Material
Years
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A globally and quadratically convergent affine scaling method for linearℓ 1 problems (1992)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 56 (1992), S. 189-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: 65H10 ; 65K05 ; 65K10 ; Linearℓ 1 estimation ; linear programming ; interior-point algorithm ; simplex method ; least absolute value regression ; affine scaling method ; Karmarkar
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract Recently, various interior point algorithms related to the Karmarkar algorithm have been developed for linear programming. In this paper, we first show how this “interior point” philosophy can be adapted to the linear ℓ1 problem (in which there are no feasibility constraints) to yield a globally and linearly convergent algorithm. We then show that the linear algorithm can be modified to provide aglobally and ultimatelyquadratically convergent algorithm. This modified algorithm appears to be significantly more efficient in practise than a more straightforward interior point approach via a linear programming formulation: we present numerical results to support this claim.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01580899
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A direct active set algorithm for large sparse quadratic programs with simple bounds (1989)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 45 (1989), S. 373-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: 65K05 ; 90C20 ; 65K10 ; 65F30 ; Quadratic programming ; large sparse minimization ; active set methods ; trust region methods ; sparse Cholesky factorization updates ; simple bounds ; box constraints
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We show how a direct active set method for solving definite and indefinite quadratic programs with simple bounds can be efficiently implemented for large sparse problems. All of the necessary factorizations can be carried out in a static data structure that is set up before the numeric computation begins. The space required for these factorizations is no larger than that required for a single sparse Cholesky factorization of the Hessian of the quadratic. We propose several improvements to this basic algorithm: a new way to find a search direction in the indefinite case that allows us to free more than one variable at a time and a new heuristic method for finding a starting point. These ideas are motivated by the two-norm trust region problem. Additionally, we also show how projection techniques can be used to add several constraints to the active set at each iteration. Our experimental results show that an algorithm with these improvements runs much faster than the basic algorithm for positive definite problems and finds local minima with lower function values for indefinite problems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01589112
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Partitioned quasi-Newton methods for nonlinear equality constrained optimization (1992)
    Springer
    Mathematical programming 53 (1992), S. 17-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-4646
    Keywords: 65H10 ; 65K05 ; 65K10 ; Constrained optimization ; equality constraints ; numerical optimization ; quasi-Newton method ; secant method ; sequential quadratic programming ; SQP-method ; augmented Lagrangian method ; penalty function methods
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Mathematics
    Notes: Abstract We derive new quasi-Newton updates for the (nonlinear) equality constrained minimization problem. The new updates satisfy a quasi-Newton equation, maintain positive definiteness on the null space of the active constraint matrix, and satisfy a minimum change condition. The application of the updates is not restricted to a small neighbourhood of the solution. In addition to derivation and motivational remarks, we discuss various numerical subtleties and provide results of numerical experiments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01585692
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terminal glycosylation and disease: Influence on cancer and cystic fibrosis (2000)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 17 (2000), S. 617-626 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: α1,3fucose ; α1,6fucose ; sialic acid ; polyα2,8sialic acid ; surface membrane glycoforms ; cystic fibrosis ; lactosylated polylysine gene therapy vector
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Terminal glycosylation has been a recurring theme of the laboratory. In cystic fibrosis (CF), decreased sialic acid and increased fucosyl residues in α1,3 position to antennary N -acetyl glucosamine is the CF glycosylation phenotype. The glycosylation phenotype is reversed by transfection of CF airway cells with wtCFTR. In neuronal cells, polymers of α2,8sialyl residues are prominent in oligodendrocytes and human neuroblastoma. These findings are discussed in relationship to early studies in our laboratories and those of other investigators. The potential extension of these concepts to future clinical therapeutics is presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1011034912226
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Terminal glycosylation of cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells (2000)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 17 (2000), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: glycosylation ; cystic fibrosis ; airway epithelial cells ; α1,3fucose ; sialic acid ; CFTR ; CFTR transfection
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cystic fibrosis (CF) has a characteristic glycosylation phenotype usually expressed as a decreased ratio of sialic acid to fucose. The glycosylation phenotype was found in CF/T1 airway epithelial cells (ΔF508/ΔF508). When these cells were transfected and were expressing high amounts of wtCFTR, as detected by Western blot analysis and in situ hybridization, the cell membrane glycoconjugates had an increased sialic acid content and decreased fucosyl residues in α1,3/4 linkage to antennary N[emsp4 ]-acetyl glucosamine (Fucα1,3/4GlcNAc). After the expression of wtCFTR decreased, the amount of sialic acid and Fucα1,3/4GlcNAc returned to levels shown by the parent CF cells. Sialic acid was measured by chemical analysis and Fucα1,3/4GlcNAc was detected with a specific α1,3/4 fucosidase. CF and non-CF airway cells in primary culture also had a similar reciprocal relationship between fucosylation and sialylation. It is possible that the glycosylation phenotype is involved in the pathogenesis of CF lung disease by facilitating bacterial colonization and leukocyte recruitment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007156014384
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Beiträge zur Kenntnis der Vanadinverbindungen (1907)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 52 (1907), S. 368-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1778
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wurde eine bequeme Methode zur elektrolytischen Darstellung der Vanadisalze ausgearbeitet.Es wurde das elektromotorische Verhalten gelöster Vanadinsalze in verschiedenen Oxydationsstufen untersucht.Es wurde qualitativ das Verhalten der Vanadinsalze zu verschiedenen Oxydations- und Reduktionsmitteln, sowie zu Bikarbonatlösungen untersucht.Es wurde quantitativ die Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit zwischen Vanadi- und Silbersulfat, sowie der katalytische Einflufs von Eisen- und Kupfersalzen auf diese Reaktion untersucht.Bei Gegenwart von Kupfersalzen wird in dieser Reaktion eine Anfangsbeschleunigung beobachtet, die mit einer amorphen Ausscheidung des Silbers Hand in Hand geht.Es wurden die qualitativen Methoden zum Nachweis von Vanadi- und Vanadoverbindungen kritisch besprochen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19070520133
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fucosylation in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 1 (1994), S. 263-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: airway epithelial cells ; CFTR ; cystic fibrosis ; α-l-fucosidase ; fucosylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Altered glycosylation is a phenotypic characteristic of cystic fibrosis (CF), and some of the alterations are summarized. The lungs are the site of the lethal pathology of the disease. Therefore, two of the characteristics were examined in CF and non-CF immortalized airway epithelial cell lines (AEC). The activity of α-l-fucosidase was elevated (280%) in CF AEC when compared with non-CF AEC, whereas the activities of the other lysosomal enzymes which were examined were similar in both cell types. α-l-Fucosidase activity was transiently increased in the non-CF cells after treatment with Brefeldin A (BFA) for 6 h. Thus BFA caused the normal cells to express a phenotypic characteristic of CF. Glycopeptides from the CF and non-CF AECs metabolically labeled withl-[3H]fucose were examined for binding to lentil lectin-Sepharose. A higher percentage of CF glycopeptides bound to lentil lectin, 43% compared with 23% for non-CF control. In addition a higher percentage of CF glycopeptides were bound tightly to lentil lectin and required 0.2M α-methylmannoside to be eluted. This species of tightly bound glycopeptides increased dramatically to 77% from 46% when the CF AEC were treated with BFA. In contrast, the non-CF cell glycopeptides had a minor decrease in tightly bound glycopeptides to 26% from 33% after BFA treatment. Thus, the CF AEC showed fucosylation alteration observed previously for other CF cells and tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919334
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Robust error-in-variables estimation using nonlinear programming techniques (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 985-993 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For systems described by algebraic or differential equation models where all variables are subject to error, the error-in-variables method (EVM) for parameter estimation has been shown to be superior to standard least-squares techniques. Previous EVM algorithms were developed assuming linear (or linearized) model equations. Unfortunately, many chemical engineering processes operate in strongly nonlinear regions where linear approximations may be inaccurate. In this paper, new algorithms using nonlinear programming techniques for the error-in-variables methods are proposed. In addition, a method for discerning when these methods are necessary is discussed. The proposed algorithms are compared to the least-squares method and traditional error-in-variable approaches. Improved parameter estimates for several steady-state nonlinear processes are demonstrated.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690360703
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An improved technique for PID controller tuning from closed-loop tests (1990)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 36 (1990), S. 1891-1895 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690361212
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modeling and scale-up of multiwafer LPCVD reactors (1992)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 38 (1992), S. 926-938 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The deposition of thin films in a hot-wall multiwafer low-pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD) reactor is an important unit operation in the manufacture of modern integrated circuits. In this article, our previously published model for the multiwafer LPCVD reactor has been combined with in-situ temperature measurements to accurately predict the axial and radial film thickness distributions for a polysilicon deposition process. The model describes in detail multicomponent mass transport, the reactor's thermal environment based on in-situ temperature measurements, and the reactor geometry including inlet and outlet sections as well as downstream injectors. Model predictions were compared with experimental data from two industrial-scale polysilicon reactors at SEMATECH and from a smaller research reactor. Approximate scale-up rules for the important special case of larger wafers were derived from the model equations and tested by simulation. The rules compare well with the results from a nonlinear program in which the axial variation of film growth rate was minimized.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690380613
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