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  • Rhizobium  (4)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (3)
  • bean  (2)
  • AdP-ribosylation factor  (1)
  • Adenylyl cyclase  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanism of cholera toxin activation by a guanine nucleotide-dependent 19 kDa protein
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)/General Subjects 1034 (1990), S. 195-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0304-4165
    Keywords: ADP-ribosylation ; AdP-ribosylation factor ; Adenylyl cyclase ; Cholera toxin ; Guanine nucleotide-binding protein
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0304-4165(90)90076-9
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flavonoids as plant signals to rhizosphere microbes (1992)
    Springer
    Mycorrhiza 1 (1992), S. 55-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1890
    Keywords: Glomus ; Nodulation ; Rhizobium ; Spore germination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Certain flavonoids released from plants regulate activities of soil microbes at micromolar and nanomolar concentrations. Processes affected by these compounds include induction of nodulation gene transcription in rhizobial bacteria, promotion of chemotaxis in rhizobia, increase in growth rate of several bacterial species, and enhancement of Glomus spore germination and hyphal growth. Data on the amount and identity of flavonoids released from several crop plant species form a new basis for molecular genetic and ecological studies of the rhizosphere.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00206136
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and nutrient allocation in Phaseolus vulgaris L. colonized with endomycorrhizae or Rhizobium (1991)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 132 (1991), S. 127-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bean ; Glomus etunicatum ; nitrogen fixation ; Rhizobium leguminosarum ; phosphorus assimilation ; vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Two cultivars of Phaseolus vulgaris L., one responsive to colonization with microsymbionts (Mexico 309) and one less-responsive (Rio Tibagi) were grown in Leonard jars containing sand/vermiculite under greenhouse conditions. Bean plants were either left non-inoculated (controls) or were inoculated with the vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungus Glomus etunicatum or a strain of Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli (UMR-1899). Plants from the Mexico 309 cultivar maintained a higher growth rate, supported proportionately more nodules and mycorrhizae, and assimilated relatively more N or P when colonized by Rhizobium or Glomus, respectively, than did plants of the Rio Tibagi cultivar. Estimated specific nodule activity for Mexico 309 beans was more than twice that of Rio Tibagi, whereas the specific phosphorus uptake rate (SPUR) was 35% greater in the non-inoculated roots of Rio Tibagi compared to Mexico 309. Colonization by G. etunicatum more than doubled the SPUR for each cultivar compared to control roots. New acid phosphatase isozymes appeared in VAM-colonized roots of both cultivars compared to controls. Acid and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly higher in G. etunicatum-colonized Mexico 309 roots, but not in Rio Tibagi mycorrhizae, compared to uninfected roots. Polyphosphate hydrolase activity was elevated in mycorrhizae of both cultivars compared to control roots. These results indicate that the dependence of a host on a specific endophyte increases when there are limitations to the supply of a nutrient that the endophyte can provide. The greater the increase in absorption or utilization capacity following colonization by the microsymbiont, the greater the dependence by the host. More importantly, identification of enzymatic activities that influence these plant-microbe associations opens the possibility that the specific genes that code for these enzymes could be targeted for future manipulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00011019
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimizing the effect of mineral nitrogen on biological nitrogen fixation in common bean by increasing nutrient levels (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 152 (1993), S. 131-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: bean ; 15N isotope ; nitrogen fixation ; N fertilizer ; phosphorus ; potassium ; Rhizobium tropici ; sulphur
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Although common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) has good potential for N2 fixation, some additional N provided through fertilizer usually is required for a maximum yield. In this study the suppressive effect of N on nodulation and N2 fixation was evaluated in an unfertile soil under greenhouse conditions with different levels of soil fertility (low=no P, K and S additions; medium = 50, 63 and 10 mg kg−1 soil and high = 200, 256 and 40 mg kg−1 soil, respectively) and combined with 5, 15, 60 and 120 mg N kg−1 soil of 15N-labelled urea. The overall average nodule number and weight increased under high fertility levels. At low N applications, nitrogen had a synergistic effect on N2 fixation, by stimulating nodule formation, nitrogenase activity and plant growth. At high fertility and at the highest N rate (120 mg kg−1 soil), the stimulatory effect of N fertilizer on N2 fixation was still observed, increasing the amounts of N2 fixed from 88 up to 375 mg N plant−1. These results indicate that a suitable balance of soil nutrients is essential to obtain high N2 fixation rates and yield in common beans.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016342
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genotypic variation in biological nitrogen fixation by common bean (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 152 (1993), S. 59-70 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: common bean ; N2 ; 15N isotope dilution ; nitrogen fixation ; Phaseolus vulgaris L. ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Field experiments were performed in Austria, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru as part of an FAO/IAEA Co-ordinated Research Programme to investigate the nitrogen fixing potential of cultivars and breeding lines of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Each experiment included approximately 20 bean genotypes which were compared using the 15N isotope dilution method. Great differences in nitrogen fixation were observed between and within experiments, with average values of 35% N derived from atmosphere (% Ndfa) and highest values of 70% Ndfa being observed. These values which were larger than had been reported previously for common bean, were observed only when environmental factors were favorable. Therefore, common bean lines are available, which can support high biological nitrogen fixation. These can be used either directly as cultivars for production or in breeding programmes to enhance nitrogen fixation in other cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016333
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Variability in nitrogen fixation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) intercropped with maize (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 152 (1993), S. 93-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: common bean ; maize ; intercropping ; nitrogen fixation ; 15N isotope ; 15N natural variation ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Thirty one selected bean lines were evaluated in the field for ability to support N2 fixation when intercropped with maize which received 0, 30 and 60 kg N ha−1 as ammonium sulphate. The amount of fixed N2 was estimated using the natural variation of 15N and wheat as the standard non-fixing crop. Nitrogen as low as 15 kg N ha−1 at sowing suppressed nodule weight and activity (acetylene reduction activity) but not nodule number, suggesting that the main effect of mineral N was on nodule development and function. 15N data revealed a high potential of the bean genotypes to fix N2, with the most promising ones averaging between 50–60% of seed N coming from fixation. Bean lines CNF-480, Puebla-152, Mexico-309, Negro Argel, CNF-178, Venezuela-350 and WBR22-3, WBR22-50 and WBR22-55 were ranked as good fixers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016337
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Response to inoculation and N fertilization for increased yield and biological nitrogen fixation of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) (1993)
    Springer
    Plant and soil 152 (1993), S. 123-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5036
    Keywords: common bean ; foliar N ; nitrogen fixation ; N fertilizer ; 15N isotope ; Rhizobium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is able to fix 20–60 kg N ha−1 under tropical environments in Brazil, but these amounts are inadequate to meet the N requirement for economically attractive seed yields. When the plant is supplemented with N fertilizer, N2 fixation by Rhizobium can be suppressed even at low rates of N. Using the 15N enriched method, two field experiments were conducted to compare the effect of foliar and soil applications of N-urea on N2 fixation traits and seed yield. All treatments received a similar fertilization including 10 kg N ha−1 at sowing. Increasing rates of N (10, 30 and 50 kg N ha−1) were applied for both methods. Foliar application significantly enhanced nodulation, N2 fixation (acetylene reduction activity) and yield at low N level (10 kg N ha−1). Foliar nitrogen was less suppressive to nodulation, even at higher N levels, than soil N treatments. In the site where established Rhizobium was in low numbers, inoculation contributed substantially to increased N2 fixation traits and yield. Both foliar and soil methods inhibited nodulation at high N rates and did not significantly increase bean yield, when comparing low (10 kg N ha−1) and high (50 kg N ha−1) rates applied after emergence. In both experiments, up to 30 kg N ha−1 of biologically fixed N2 were obtained when low rates of N were applied onto the leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00016341
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of metabolic pathway stoichiometry to statistical analysis of bioreactor measurement data (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 32 (1988), S. 713-715 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260320517
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for energy-sufficient culture growth (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 138-145 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pirt's maintenance model has been widely accepted for the effects of growth rate and maintenance on growth yield. However, the interpretation of parameters in Pirt's model as biological constants is difficult for energy-sufficient culture growth. In this study, a mechanistic model for the growth energetics of energy-sufficient chemostat cultures is proposed and verified with literature data. In the model, the overutilization of the energy substrate in energy-sufficient culture growth is attributed to the defective regulation of the energy substrate metabolism and energy uncoupling. The model also uses an “energy surplus” concept to collectively represent the effects of energy excessiveness. The proposed model provides a better quantitative understanding of the maximum growth yield and maintenance of energy-sufficient cultures. It also explains the glucose concentration effect reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A criterion for selecting fermentation stoichiometry methods (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 33 (1989), S. 1347-1349 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260331018
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