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  • Oxytocin  (3)
  • Adrenalectomy  (2)
  • Anti-oxytocinase serum  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Schlagwort(e): Neurosecretion ; Adrenalectomy ; Diabetes insipidus ; Rat
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The influence of adrenalectomy on the amount of “Gomori-positive” neurosecretory material in the outer layer of the median eminence and in the supraoptico-hypophysial system was studied in normal Long-Evans rats and in Long-Evans rats heterozygous and homozygous for hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. In all non-adrenalectomized rats very few “Gomori-positive” granules were found in the outer median eminence layer. After adrenalectomy the amount of the granules increased markedly in normal Long-Evans rats and only slightly in Long-Evans rats heterozygous for diabetes insipidus. However, no augmentation of the granules occurred in homozygous diabetes insipidus rats. The amount of “Gomori-positive” substances demonstrable in the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei, in the inner layer of the median eminence, and in the neural lobe of the hypophysis was less in rats heterozygous for diabetes insipidus than in normal Long-Evans rats and the smallest in homozygous diabetes insipidus rats. No differences in the amounts of the substances were observed between adrenalectomized and non-adrenalectomized animals. The findings suggest that the “Gomori-positive” granules occurring in the outer layer of the median eminence of adrenalectomized rats are of similar origin as those of the supraoptico-hypophysial system and represent a vasopressin-neurophysin-complex. The results support the concept that vasopressin is involved in the regulation of ACTH release.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 411-421 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Median eminence (rat) ; External zone ; Adrenalectomy ; CRF-neurophysin ; Immunoperoxidase histochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary In picric acid-formalin fixed, paraplast embedded median eminence sections from normal and bilaterally adrenalectomized rats, the amount of “Gomori-positive” neurosecretory material and the amount of protein, cross reacting against a porcine neurophysin-II antiserum were determined. In normal rats, “Gomori-positive” substances and neurophysin were confined to the internal zone of the median eminence. After adrenalectomy, however, “Gomori-positive” granules and a neurophysin-like protein also became apparent in the external zone. Their amount increases, if the animals are treated with DOCA from the 15th to the 21st day after the operation. The distribution of the neurophysin-like protein in the external zone is similar to that of the “Gomori-positive” granules. Since the granules are regarded as a morphological correlate of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) it is assumed, that the protein, appearing in the external zone after adrenalectomy and cross-reacting against the neurophysin antiserum is a CRF-associated neurophysin. For this substance the name “CRF-neurophysin” is proposed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 162 (1975), S. 531-539 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Human placenta ; Syncytiotrophoblast ; Oxytocinase ; Anti-oxytocinase serum ; Immunofluorescence histochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Oxytocinase (cystine aminopeptidase) was purified from human retroplacental serum by a combination of fractional precipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography and gel exlusion chromatography on Sephadex G-200. The purified enzyme possessed a specific activity of 980 mIU/mg using L-cystine-di-p-nitroanilide as substrate. This represented a 3200 fold concentration from the starting material in an overall yield of 12%. Antibodies against oxytocinase were raised in rabbits and the γ-globulin fraction labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate prior to its use in the immunofluorescence histochemical localization of the enzyme in human placental tissue. Oxytocinase was confined to the syncytiotrophoblastic cells of normal term, and immature placentas as well as in placentas from patients suffering from severe toxaemia. Specific immunofluorescence was also present in the outer margins of the chorion and to a lesser extent in the amnion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 491-503 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Pig ; Oxytocin ; [8-Lysine]-Vasopressin ; Specific localization ; Immunocytochemistry ; One hormone, One Neurophysin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Synthetic oxytocin and [8-arginine]-vasopressin conjugated to bovine thyroglobulin were used to induce specific antibodies in rabbits. The specificity of the anti-oxytocin serum, and the suitability of the anti-[8arginine]-vasopressin serum for the detection of [8-lysine]-vasopressin, was evaluated by immunofluorescent studies of the respective hormones bound to Sepharose 4B particles. Oxytocin and [8-lysine]-vasopressin were specifically localized in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei of the pig hypothalamus using the immunoperoxidase staining technique. After an examination of serial transverse and sagittal sections stained for either of the hormones we observed that: 1. In the rostral SON, oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons were uniformly distributed; 2. In the caudal SON, most of the neurons contained oxytocin, but there were still a few ‘vasopressin’ neurons; 3. In the rostral PVN, the two hormones were evenly spread in neurons close to the third ventricle; 4. In the caudal PVN, the oxytocin and vasopressin containing neurons were differentially distributed, with ‘oxytocin’ neurons adjacent to the third ventricle, and ‘vasopressin’ neurons lateral to these and concentrated in the dorso-caudal PVN. In the cells of the PVN, there was evidence that the distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin is similar to the distribution of porcine neurophysin-II and porcine neurophysin-I respectively. This similarity is consistent with the one hormone — one neurophysin concept in the pig.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 180 (1977), S. 467-490 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Oxytocin ; Vasopressin ; Neurophysin ; Magnocellular nuclei ; Neurosecretory pathways ; Osmotic stimulation ; Immunoperoxidase histochemistry
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Antisera, with cross reactive antibodies removed by affinity chromatography, were used in the immunoperoxidase-bridge technique to study the distribution of oxytocin and vasopressin together with neurophysin in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system of the rat. The hormones were demonstrated in different areas of the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), in neurosecretory fibres of the hypothalamoneurohypophysial tract, median eminence, and in nerve terminals of the neurohypophysis. Intact normal and rats with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus (Brattleboro strain), and rats dehydrated by the administration of oral hypertonic saline were studied. In dehydrated rats the hormone concentration in the neurons, and the number of neurons containing hormone varied according to the time of dehydration stress. The observations support the hypotheses that: 1) oxytocin and oxytocinneurophysin, and vasopressin and vasopressin-neurophysin are synthesised in different neurons and are transported along different axons; 2) the SON and PVN are functionally indistinguishable in that neurons containing oxytocin or vasopressin are present in both nuclei; and 3) the two types of neurons respond to osmotic stimulation in a way that is qualitatively the same but quantitatively different.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 197 (1979), S. 325-336 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system ; Fetal development ; Oxytocin ; Vasopressin ; Neurophysin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Sections of the hypothalamus, median eminence and pituitary from fetal and neonatal rats were examined with the immunoperoxidase staining technique and light microscopy. Purified antisera raised against vasopressin and oxytocin, and antisera cross-reactive with rat neurophysin were used to localize these antigens in the hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system (HNS). Neurophysin was detected throughout the HNS of the 18-day fetal rat. Vasopressin was present in the hypothalamus and pituitary of the 19-day fetus, and in the median eminence of the 4-day neonate. Oxytocin was not detected in the pituitary until 1–2 days after birth, in the hypothalamus after 4 days, and in the median eminence after 8 days. During the first days after birth the supraoptic nucleus was more mature than the paraventricular nucleus. The HNS did not approach maturity until at least 7 days after birth. The relative maturity of the supraoptic nucleus compared with the paraventricular nucleus, and the detection of vasopressin before oxytocin are evidence for the one-neuron-one-hormone theory. The data do not exclude the possibility that the fetal hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system, and perhaps the fetal hormone, vasotocin, affect the initiation and course of parturition.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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