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  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (58)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3)
  • Striatum  (2)
  • Agrobacterium  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GM1 ganglioside administration partially counteracts the morphological changes associated with haloperidol treatment within the dorsal striatum of the rat (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 121 (1995), S. 461-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: GM1 ; Haloperidol ; Glutamate synapses ; Perforated PSD ; Striatum ; Dopamine receptors
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Haloperidol, a typical antipsychotic drug, causes an increase in the mean percentage of synapses within the striatum containing a discontinuous, or perforated, postsynaptic density (PSD) following 1 month of treatment (Meshul et al. 1994). This effect is not observed with the atypical antipsychotic drug, clozapine, following subchronic administration (Meshul et al. 1992a). This morphological change is also associated with an increase in the density of dopamine D2 receptors. The synapses containing the perforated PSD are asymmetrical and the nerve terminals contain the neurotransmitter, glutamate, as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry. We have also shown that subchronic treatment with haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg per day, 30 days) results in a decrease in the density of glutamate immunoreactivity within asymmetric nerve terminals associated with perforated and non-perforated PSDs (Meshul and Tan 1994). This could be due to an increase in glutamate release, perhaps due to activation of corticostriatal synapses. Agnati et al. (1983a) reported that administration of GM1 ganglioside blocks the increase in dopamine D2 receptors following haloperidol treatment. GM1 has also been shown to attenuate the release of glutamate (Nicoletti et al. 1989). In order to determine if similar treatment with ganglioside could block the haloperidol-induced ultrastructural changes noted above, rats were coadministered GM1 (10 mg/kg per day) and haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg per day) for 30 days. We report that GM1 blocked the haloperidol-induced increase in striatal asymmetric synapses containing a perforated PSD, but had no effect on the increase in dopamine D2 receptors or the decrease in nerve terminal glutamate immunoreactivity. GM1, either alone or co-administered with haloperidol, also caused a small, but significant, increase in the density of all asymmetric synapses within the striatum. It is possible that the effect of GM1 in attenuating the haloperidol-induced change in glutamate synapses with perforated PSDs is primarily postsynaptic, since GM1 did not block the change in density of glutamate immunoreactivity within asymmetric nerve terminals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02246494
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation of vacuous chewing movements with morphological changes in rats following 1-year treatment with haloperidol (1996)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 125 (1996), S. 238-247 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Haloperidol ; Vacuous chewing movements ; Glutamate synapses ; Perforated postsynaptic density ; Striatum ; Tardive dyskinesia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Long-term treatment with the typical antipsychotic drug, haloperidol, can lead to a sometimes irreversible motor disorder, tardive dyskinesia (TD). It has been hypothesized that increased release of glutamate due to prolonged neuroleptic drug treatment may result in an excitotoxic lesion in specific neuronal populations within the basal ganglia, leading to TD. We reported that treatment with haloperidol for 1 month results in an increase in the mean percentage of striatal asymmetric synapses containing a perforated postsynaptic density (PSD) and that these synapses are glutamatergic. Using quantitative immunocytochemistry, we found that depending on how long the animals had been off haloperidol following subchronic (30d) treatment, there was either a decrease (1 day off) or increase (3–4 days off) in the density of glutamate immunolabeling within the presynaptic terminals of synapses with perforated PSDs. Using a rat model for TD, animals in the current study were treated for 1 year with haloperidol and spontaneous oral dyskinesias (i.e. vacuous chewing movements, VCMs) were recorded. In these long-term treated animals we wanted to determine if there was a correlation between glutamate function, as measured by changes in synapses with perforated PSDs and the density of nerve terminal glutamate immunoreactivity, and VCM behavior. In drug treated rats which demonstrated either a high or low rate of VCMs, there was a significant increase in the mean percentage of asymmetric synapses in the dorsolateral striatum with perforated PSDs in both haloperidol-treated groups compared to vehicle-treated rats. There was a small but significant increase in the density of glutamate immunolabeling within striatal nerve terminals of the high VCM group compared to the low VCM group. There was, however, no difference in the density of glutamate immunolabeling between the high VCM group compared to the vehicle-treated animals. One reason for this lack of difference was partially due to a significant increase in nerve terminal area within the high VCM group compared to either the low VCM- or vehicle-treated groups. The larger nerve terminal size in the high VCM group may be due to a small but sustained increase in glutamate neurotransmitter release with the ability of the terminal to maintain its supply of glutamate, while the terminals in the low VCM group showed evidence of glutamate depletion. This finding would be consistent with the hypothesis that increased glutamatergic activity may be associated with TD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02247334
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A plasmid sequence from Rhizobium leguminosarum 300 contains homology to sequences near the octopine TL-DNA right border (1987)
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 209 (1987), S. 580-584 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Rhizobium ; Agrobacterium ; TDNA ; Insertion sequence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The DNA sequence from a Rhizobium leguminosarum 300 (RL300) plasmid that contains homology to the Tc-DNA of Agrobacterium tumefaciens is described. The RL300 sequence has 78% homology to a 359 bp sequence in the Tc-DNA of pTi15955. The RL300 homology starts approximately 100 bp from the 24 bp border sequence of the TL-DNA and ends approximately 3 bp from an IS66 homolog in the Tc-DNA. An unusual feature of the RL300 homology is the presence of 81 bp direct repeats with Tc-DNA homology, separated by 201 bp. One end of each direct repeat has a 12 bp palindrome. Four cloned sequences of RL300 with homology to the T DNA region were hybridized to plasmid lysates of RL300 derivatives to determine the source of each plasmid. The sequenced homolog, originally on pRH228, was isolated from pRL7JI; the other 3 homologs were isolated from the transmissable plasmids pRL7JI (pRH235) and pRL8JI (pRH235 and pRH236).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00331166
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress-strain behavior of elastic materials. O. H. Varga. Interscience, New York, 1966. 190 pp. $11.00 (1968)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A-2: Polymer Physics 6 (1968), S. 301-301 
    Details
    ISSN: 0449-2978
    Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pol.1968.160060121
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies in radiation-induced polymerization of vinyl monomers at high dose rates. II. Methyl methacrylate (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 18 (1974), S. 709-725 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The radiation-induced polymerization of methyl methacrylate was investigated with radiation sources of cobalt 60 and accelerated electrons at dose rates up to 3 Mrads/sec. Extrapolation of previous rates of polymerization at dose rates of 0.01-200 rads/sec coincided with the present results, the rates being approximately proportional to the square root of the dose rate throughout the entire set of dose rates measured. The molecular weights seemed to be independent of dose rate at the highest dose rates investigated. A combination of high polymer with a much higher molecular weight than expected was formed, together with a substantial portion of low molecular weight polymer. The reason for this behavior is not clear at this time. The G(M·) calculated from the molecular weights and fraction of polymer and resin was 6.0, which approaches that reported in previous investigations at low dose rates. There was no significant effect of air on the polymerization kinetics of methyl methacrylate at above 1 Mrad/sec. Nitrogen also did not influence the measured rates. Conversions to polymer were not substantially reduced by the presence of inhibitor at above 1.26 × 105 rads/sec. Water did not influence the rates of polymerization, except at the highest temperature (50°C) investigated. A large posteffect was observed in sealed degassed ampoules after 25% conversion to polymer. Only 3.4% additional polymer was formed in 24 hr after irradiation in the presence of air. The activation energy for the electron beam polymerization of methyl methacrylate was about 7.0 kcal/mole. This value, considering the complications in technique such as beam heating, did not differ from literature data enough to suggest any mechanistic difference in the polymerization at high dose rates.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1974.070180309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two classes of primitive pluripotent hemopoietic progenitor cells: Separation by adherence (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 125 (1985), S. 127-134 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Methylcellulose cultures containing mouse marrow cells at low densities and partially purified preparations of erythropoietin and Interleukin-3 were scored after 2 weeks for the presence of macroscopic multilineage colonies (from “primary” CFU-macro GEMM). Whole cultures were then harvested and replated to assess the number of “secondary” CFU-macro GEMM produced, but not detected, during the primary culture period. In such experiments adherent marrow cells yielded significantly higher numbers of secondary CFU-macro GEMM than did either fresh or nonadherent marrow cells. Removal of macroscopic colonies prior to replating showed that most secondary CFU-macro GEMM were not derived from primary CFU-macro GEMM. In vivo studies also revealed a differential effect of adherence separation on the frequency of day 10 CFU-S, which decreased, by comparison to cells capable of long-term repopulation, which increased. Primary adherent CFU-macro GEMM from 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treated mice showed an 18-fold higher self-renewal capacity than their counterparts in normal marrow. Nevertheless the majority of secondary CFU-macro GEMM obtained from primary cultures of adherent 5-FU cells were again not derived from primary CFU-macro GEMM. Cells capable of immediately generating large multilineage colonies thus appear to represent an intermediate compartment of pluripotent progenitors whose self-renewal properties, may, however, vary over a considerable range. Our results further suggest that these progenitors are derived ultimately from a more primitive adherent cell whose tendency to begin to divide in vitro is low and whose presence correlates with cells capable of long-term myeloid repopulation in vivo.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041250117
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The placenta of the four-eyed opossum (philander opossum)Philander opossum)Supported by grant 5 RO1 HD02613 from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development. (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 165 (1969), S. 431-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The placental membranes of the four-eyed opossum were studied by light and electron microscopy. The individual fetuses in each uterus were surrounded by amnion, had allantoic sacs of approximately the same size as each fetus, and were situated in a common yolk sac cavity. The extent of the choriovitelline placenta was marked by a prominent sinus terminalis, and at this margin there was a region where the trophoblast cells penetrated folds of the endometrium. Elsewhere the choriovitelline placenta was closely applied to the uterine epithelium along most of its surface, but the microvilli of the two epithelia did not interdigitate. Numerous inclusion bodies were seen in the trophoblast of both the choriovitelline and bilaminar omphalopleure portions of the placenta, but the aggregates were larger in the latter. The endoderm cells of the choriovitelline placenta had extensive endoplasmic reticulum and numerous mitochondria, but did not have conspicuous absorption canaliculi.Placentation in the four-eyed opossum appears to represent a progressive advance over that of the Virginia opossum both in confluence of the yolk sacs of the fetuses and in having a region of penetration of the maternal endometrium by trophoblast.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091650311
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological observations on the chorio-allantoic placenta of the minkThis paper is a portion of a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Harvard University. (1957)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 127 (1957), S. 231-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091270209
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological and histochemical observations on the armadillo uterus during the delayed and post-implantation periodsAided by a grant from the National Science Foundation. (1958)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 130 (1958), S. 639-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091300403
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Histological Study of the Cortex of the Ovary of the Adult Armadillo, with Special Reference to the Question of Neoformation of OocytesThis study was supported by a grant by the United States National Science Foundation. (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 136 (1960), S. 491-499 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091360408
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