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  • Chemistry  (20)
  • AlNbO4  (1)
  • Amphiphilic sequence  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Specific activation of G"s by synthetic peptides corresponding to an intracellular loop of the β-adrenergic receptor
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 279 (1991), S. 277-280 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Amphiphilic sequence ; G-protein ; GTP ; Peptide ; Receptor
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(91)80167-2
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The high-temperature corrosion behavior of Nb-Al alloys in a H2/H2S/H2O gas mixture (1997)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 48 (1997), S. 439-469 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: corrosion ; Nb-Al alloys ; NbO2 ; Nb2O5 ; AlNbO4 ; NbS2 ; Nb3S4 ; Al2O3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The corrosion behavior of pure Nb and three Nb Al alloys containing 12.5, 25, and 75 at.% Al was studied over the temperature range of 800–1000°C in a H2/H2S/H2O gas mixture. Except for the Nb-12.5Al alloy consisting of a two phase structure of α-Nb and Nb3Al, other alloys studied were single phase. The corrosion kinetics followed the parabolic rate law in all cases, regardless of temperature and alloy composition. The parabolic rate constants increased with increasing temperature, but fluctuated with increasing Al content. The Nb-75Al alloy exhibited the best corrosion resistance among all alloys studied, whose corrosion rates are 1.6–2.2 orders of magnitude lower than those of pure-Nb (depending on temperature). An exclusive NbO2 layer was formed on pure Nb, while heterophasic scales were observed on Nb-Al alloys whose compositions and amounts strongly depended on Al content and temperature. The scales formed on Nb-12.5Al consisted of mostly NbO2 and minor amounts of Nb2O5, NbS2, and γ-Al2O3, while the scales formed on Nb-25Al consisted of mostly Nb2O5 and some γ-Al2O3. The scales formed on Nb-75Al consisted of mostly α-Al2O3 and Nb3S4 atT ≤900°C, and mostly α-Al2O3 , Nb3S4 and some AlNbO4 at 1000°C. The formation of α-Al2O3 and Nb3S4 resulted in a significant reduction of the corrosion rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02153460
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the enhancement of separation characteristics of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide)/polysulfone thin film composite membranes for reverse osmosis applications. I. Effect of chemical treatment (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 163 (1988), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Einfluß einer chemischen Behandlung von dünnen Filmen einer Composit-Membran aus sulfoniertem Polyphenylenoxid wurde untersucht. Über den Einfluß der Konzentration von wáßrigen Lösungen von Formaldehyd, Schwefelsäure, Salzsäure, Phosporsäure, Natriumhydroxid sowie der Behandlungsdauer auf die Trenncharakteristik der inversen Osmose der Composit-Membranen mit einer Ionenaus-tauschkapazität von 2,14 und 2,50 meq/g in verschiedenen Kombinationen wird ausführlich berichtet. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß unter den besten chemischen Behandlungsbedingungen eine Erhöhung der Trenncharakteristik der inversen Osmose der sulfonierten Polyphenylenoxid/Polysulfon-Composit-Membran erreicht wird.
    Notes: The effect of chemical treatment on the reverse osmosis (RO) separation characteristics of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) (SPPO) thin film composite membranes was investigated. The effects of the concentrations of aqueous solutions of formaldehyde, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, sodium hydroxide, and treatment time on the RO separation characteristics of the composite membranes with ion exchange capacity (IEC) of 2.14 and 2.50 meq/g in various combinations are reported in detail. The results indicate some enhancement in RO separation characteristics of the SPPO/polysulfone (PS) composite membrane under the best conditions of the chemical treatment.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1988.051630101
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the enhancement of separation characteristics of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide)/polysulfone thin film composite membranes for reverse osmosis applications. II. Effects of nitromethane and the chemical treatment combined with gamma-ray irradiationPart I cf. lit.3. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 163 (1988), S. 15-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Bei der Herstellung dünner Filme von sulfonierten Polyphenylenoxid/Polysulfon (SPPO/PS)-Composit-Membranen wurde untersucht, daß ein Zusatz von Nitromethan zu einer Lösung von sulfoniertem Polyphenylenoxidnatrium erhöhte Wirkung auf die Trenncharakteristik der inversen Osmose besitzt. Der Einfluß von gamma-Strahlung auf dünne Filme der Composit-Membran unter nassen und trockenen Bedingungen wurde ebenfalls untersucht. Um die maximal mögliche Verbesserung zu erreichen, wurden die Composit-Membranen einer kombinierten chemischen und Gammastrahlen-Behandlung unter nassen und trockenen Bedingungen unterworfen.Die experimentellen Ergebnisse dieser kombinierten Behandlung zeigen, dalß die SPPO/PS Composit-Membran dabei abgebaut wird.
    Notes: The enhancement effect of the addition of nitromethane into the coating solution of sulfonated sodium poly(phenylene oxide) (SPPONa) polymer for the synthesis of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide)/polysulfone (SPPO/PS) thin film composite membranes on reverse osmosis (RO) separation characteristic was studied. The effect of gamma-ray irradiation on the SPPO/PS thin film composite membranes was also evaluated when the membrane samples were in the wet and dry conditions. The composite membranes were also subjected to a chemical treatment combined with gamma-ray irradiation in both wet and dry conditions in the hope of obtaining the maximum possible enhancement under each treatment. However, the experimental data of this combined treatment indicated the possibility of some degradation of the SPPO/PS composite membranes.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1988.051630102
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeation of gases through modified polymer films. I. Polyethylene-styrene graft copolymersBased on a paper presented at the 17th Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference, Niagara Falls, Ontario, October 16-18, 1967. (1969)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 13 (1969), S. 669-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The permeabilities of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide through polyethylene-styrene graft copolymer films were measured by means of a gas permeability apparatus based on a modification of Barrer's high vacuum technique. Polyethylene-styrene grafts were prepared by mutual γ-ray irradiation of low-density polyethylene films in styrene-methanol solution. Densities and thicknesses of the graft copolymer films were determined. It was observed that the gas permeability constants decreased with increasing grafting to minimum values at 20-30% styrene grafting and increased again above 30% grafting. These results are explained in terms of a decrease in the free volume of the amorphous regions of the polyethylene by a “filling in” effect of the grafted polystyrene chains. Above 30% grafting, disruption of the crystallites may occur resulting in increased gas permeation. Activation energies for gas permeation through polyethylene-styrene graft copolymer films were calculated and found to decrease with increasing per cent styrene grafting. For nitrogen permeation, the activation energy decreased from 11.7 kcal/mole for unirradiated polyethylene to 9.5 kcal/mole for a 50.5% graft. Corresponding values for oxygen and carbon dioxide were 10.2-8.2 kcal/mole for a 48.7% graft and 8.4-6.5 kcal/mole for a 50.5% graft.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1969.070130409
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionically crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) membranes. III. Reverse osmosis results for dry cast membranes (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 24 (1979), S. 1341-1351 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The reverse osmosis properties of ionically crosslinked polyacrylic acid membranes were investigated in terms of the salt separation of a 0.1% NaCl solution and water flux. The membranes were synthesized and crosslinked with the metal ion Al3+ via the dry casting technique described in a previous paper. The effect of such variables as the polymer concentration in the casting solution, the ratios of solvents used (DMF/H2O), the ratio of monomer to the crosslinking agent (AA/Al), the evaporation time and temperature, and the nonsolvent nature and treatment times were studied in some detail. The most important variable was found to be the length and nature of the treatment in the nonsolvents acetone and methanol. In the best series of the membranes that were synthesized, fluxes of more than 3.0 gfd, with salt separations at the 80%-85% level, were obtained.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1979.070240518
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ionically crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) membranes. IV. Composite reverse osmosis membranesPaper presented at the American Chemical Society Biennial Polymer Symposium, San Juan, Puerto Rico, November 20-24, 1982. (1983)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 28 (1983), S. 3063-3073 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Composite reverse osmosis membranes of ionically crosslinked poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) have been prepared. The process consists of coating a porous polysulfone membrane with a thin layer of dilute solution of PAA, drying the thin liquid layer, and ionically crosslinking the PAA in solutions of different salts. The influence of some important preparation parameters on the properties of these membranes was investigated. It was found that all these membranes possessed ion exchange properties and could be ion exchanged; some of them have been found to be suitable for the desalination of low concentration salt solutions. By comparison to cellulose acetate (CA) membranes, higher rejection of phenols may be an interesting property of these membranes.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1983.070281006
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and transport properties of thin film composite membranes. I. Synthesis of poly(phenylene oxide) polymer and its sulfonation (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 4017-4027 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The synthesis of sulfonated poly(phenylene oxide) polymer was investigated. The poly(phenylene oxide) was synthesized through oxidative coupling from 2,6-dimethyl-phenol with copper (I) chloride-pyridine catalyst and sulfonated using chlorosulfonic acid. The effects of catalyst concentration, solvent, and other experimental variables on the kinetics of the polymerization of poly(phenylene oxide) and its subsequent sulfonation are reported in detail.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1984.070291234
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pervaporation separation of acetic acid-water mixtures using modified membranes. I. Blended polyacrylic acid (PAA)-nylon 6 membranesBased in part on a paper presented at the 36th Canadian Chemical Engineering Conference October 6-8, 1986, Sarnia, Ontario, Canada. (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 35 (1988), S. 1191-1200 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Membranes consisting of ionically crosslinked polyacrylic acid (PAA) and Nylon 6 were prepared and tested for the pervaporation separation of acetic acid-water mixtures. The polyacrylic acid (PAA) membranes were crosslinked in aluminum nitrate aqueous solution while the polyacrylic acid (PAA)-Nylon 6 blends were cast from homogeneous PAA-Nylon 6 mixtures to appropriate thicknesses and then crosslinked in aqueous aluminum nitrate solutions. Optimum pervaporation results were obtained from blends of Nylon 6 and PAA in the weight ratio of 60-75 wt% Nylon 6 and 25-40 wt% PAA which have separation factors (water/acetic acid) of over 60 and flux rates higher than 100 g/m2 h at 15°C for the separation of acetic acid-water mixtures. The flux rates and separation factors could be altered by changing the blend composition of the membrane. The effects of the feed composition on the separation factors were investigated.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070350506
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pervaporation separation of ethanol-water mixtures using ionically crosslinked blended polyacrylic acid (PAA)-nylon 6 membranes (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1121-1128 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The pervaporation separation of ethanol-water mixtures was carried out through a series of ionically crosslinked polyacrylic acid (PAA)-Nylon 6-blended membranes crosslinked to varying degrees in aluminum nitrate solution. The polyacrylic acid (PAA)-Nylon 6 membranes were cast from homogeneous PAA-Nylon 6 mixtures to various thicknesses and then crosslinked. Optimum pervaporation results were obtained from crosslinked blends containing 75 wt% Nylon 6 and 25 wt% PAA. These membranes have separation factors (water/ethanol) of 35-40 at flux rates of 120-160 g/m2 h. The optimum crosslinking time was found to be approximately 35 h to yield membranes with the best separation and flux rates at 25 wt% PAA content.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1988.070360513
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