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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resistance of cowpea and cereals to the parasitic angiospermStriga (1992)
    Springer
    Euphytica 63 (1992), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: breeding for resistance ; cowpea ; parasitic angiosperm ; resistance mechanisms ; sorghum ; Striga ; Vigna unguiculata ; Sorghum bicolor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Striga species are parasitic angiosperms that attack many crops grown by subsistence farmers in sub-Saharan Africa and India. Control of the parasite is difficult and genetically resistant crops are the most feasible and appropriate solution. In cowpea, complete resistance toStriga gesnerioides has been identified. Breeding for resistance in sorghum has identified varieties with good resistance toS. asiatica in Africa and India. One variety was also resistant toS. hermonthica in W. Africa. No such resistance toStriga has been found in maize or millets. Resistant varieties have usually been sought by screening germplasm in fields naturally infested withStriga. However, laboratory techniques have also been developed, including anin vitro growth system used to screen cowpeas for resistance toS. gesnerioides. Two new sources of resistance in cowpea have been identified using the system. The technique has also been used to investigate the mechanisms of resistance in this crop. Two mechanisms have been characterised, both were expressed after penetration of cowpea roots by the parasite. The resistance of some sorghum varieties toStriga is controlled by recessive genes. In cowpea, resistance toStriga is controlled by single dominant genes. The genes for resistance are currently being transferred to cowpea varieties which are high yielding or adapted to local agronomic conditions. OneStriga resistant cowpea variety, Suvita-2, is already being grown widely by farmers in Mali. Reports of ‘breakdown’ of resistance in cowpea toStriga have not yet been confirmed, but a wider genetic base to the resistance is essential to ensure durability ofStriga resistance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023914
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Virulence characteristics of a new race of the parasitic angiosperm, Striga gesnerioides, from southern Benin on cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 72 (1993), S. 183-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Striga gesnerioides ; Vigna unguiculata ; cowpea ; parasitic angiosperm ; breeding for resistance ; parasite variation ; races
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract An in vitro growth system was used to determine the virulence of two samples of Striga gesnerioides from Zakpota in southern Benin. Cowpea variety B301, previously considered resistant to all races of S. gesnerioides, was susceptible to both samples of the parasite. Two other cowpea varieties, 58–57 and IT81D-994, were totally resistant. Resistance in 58–57 was associated with a hypersensitive necrosis of infected roots, whilst IT81D-994 supported production of small S. gesnerioides tubercles with stems which failed to develop. Striga gesnerioides from southern Benin is the fourth race of the parasite to be identified, and the first with virulence on variety B301. The implications for breeding cowpeas with resistance to S. gesnerioides are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00034156
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New sources of resistance of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) toStriga gesnerioides, a parasitic angiosperm (1995)
    Springer
    Euphytica 84 (1995), S. 165-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Alectra vogelii ; cowpea propagation ; field trials ; in vitro screen ; resistance mechanisms ; Striga gesnerioides ; Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Thirty-seven accessions of cowpea and yard-long bean were assessed for resistance toStriga gesnerioides. Cowpea plants were grown using anin vitro method, then inoculated with young seedlings ofS. gesnerioides produced from seed from three West African countries. Resistance was assessed by comparing the number and size ofS. gesnerioides tubercles on these accessions with those on a known susceptible cowpea, cv. Blackeye. Two cowpea landraces, APL-1 and 87-2, were completely resistant toS. gesnerioides from Burkina Faso, Mali and Cameroon and partially resistant toS. gesnerioides from Niger. Complete resistance was expressed either as a hypersensitive response of infected root tissues or as a severely retarded development of successful infections. All other accessions, including three samples of yard-long bean were susceptible toS. gesnerioides. The original 87-2 plants segregated for resistance and susceptibility. However, uniformly resistant progeny were obtained by producing seed from vegetatively propagated clones of single resistant 87-2 plants. Resistance of APL-1 and 87-2 toS. gesnerioides was confirmed in pot and field trials. Neither of these cowpeas were resistant toAlectra vogelii. Varieties APL-1 and 87-2 provide additional sources of resistance to most races ofS. gesnerioides, including a newly discovered virulent race from Benin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01681808
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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