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  • antibiosis  (2)
  • feeding  (2)
  • All-glass GC-2 system  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding by adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus, on sweet potato leaves (1988)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: sweet potato weevil ; Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; Coleoptera ; Curculionidae ; sweet potato ; Ipomoea batatas ; feeding ; host-plant preference ; leaf surface chemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'étude a porté sur la consommation pendant 12 h, en boîtes de Pétri de diamètre 9 cm, de rondelles de 2 cm de diamètre de feuilles de 4 cultivars,—Centennial, Jewel, Resisto, Regal—, d'I. batatas par C. formicarius elegantulus. Les charançons ont consommé le long des nervures, préférant la face inférieure à la face supérieure des feuilles. Un index de consommation a été calculé en fonction de la longueur de nervure ayant servi à la consommation, rapportée à la longueur totale des nervures de la surface exposée. Les niveaux de consommation des mâles et des femelles étaient semblables. En présence de choix binaires, le cultivar Centennial a été le plus consommé, et le cultivar Resisto, le moins, par les femelles. De telles préférences n'ont pas été observées en l'absence de choix. La composition chimique de la surface de la feuille a été analysée par chromatographie en phase gazeuse. 8 pics principaux identiques ont été observés chez les 4 cultivars, mais ils avaient différentes hauteurs.
    Notes: Abstract A bioassay was developed to quantify the feeding of adult sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) on the foliage of four cultivars (Centennial, Jewel, Resisto and Regal) of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.) (Convolvulaceae). Weevils fed along the leaf veins, preferring the lower to the upper leaf surface. Males and females had similar levels of feeding. Different levels of feeding by female weevils were observed between cultivars in dual-choice bioassays with Centennial, a susceptible cultivar in field-plot experiments, being most preferred and Resisto least preferred. However, these feeding differences were not observed in no-choice bioassays. Little difference was observed in the leaf surface chemistry of the four cultivars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00185628
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Feeding and oviposition preferences of the Sweet Potato Weevil, Cylas formicarius elegantulus, on the outer periderm and exposed inner core of storage roots of selected Sweet Potato cultivars (1987)
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 45 (1987), S. 271-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: Sweet potato weevil ; Cylas formicarius elegantulus ; feeding ; oviposition ; host-plant preference
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Des coeurs de racines tubéreuses d'I. batatas ont été proposés, soit avec leur périderme externe, soit avec la partie interne du coeur seule, à des femelles du charançon, C. formicarius elegantulus Summers, dans des cages pour expériences sur le choix. Les coeurs étaient prélevés à l'emportepièce pour liège dans des racines stockées et, après tirage au hasard, les expériences ont été distribuées dans des plaques à 24 puits pour cultures de tissus. L'alimentation des charançons de différents âges était constante du 21ème au 47ème jour après l'émergence, tandis que la ponte était maximale entre les 25ème et 45ème jours. Des différences quantitives quant à l'alimentation et à la ponte ont été observées avec les péridermes de 4 cultivars: Centennial, Jewel, Resisto et Regal; ces différences n'étaient pas nettes pour les parties profondes du coeur. La ponte était réduite à un niveau bas avec la partie interne du coeur; il semble ainsi qu'un stimulant de la ponte soit contenu dans de périderme de la racine. L'alimentation s'est effectuée sur la partie centrale du coeur, mais moins que sur le périderme, quand les deux étaient disponibles dans des expériences de choix. La ponte paraît un meilleur critère que l'alimentation, pour comparer les résistance variétales. La partie intérieure du coeur peut être utilisée pour connaître le stimulant le stimulant de la ponte de C. formicarius elegantulus.
    Notes: Abstract Cores from sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) storage roots, with either the outer periderm or inner core exposed, were presented to female sweet potato weevils, Cylas formicarius elegantulus (Summers) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in cage preference tests. Tests with weevils of different ages showed that feeding was constant 21 to 76 days after emergence, while oviposition showed a slight peak between 21 and 45 days. Differences in the levels of feeding and oviposition were noted for the periderms of four sweet potato cultivars, but these differences were not evident for the inner cores. Oviposition was reduced to low levels on the inner core and, therefore, the oviposition stimulant appears to reside in the root periderm. Feeding did occur on the inner cores, but at a reduced level compared to the root periderm in preference tests where both were available. Inner root cores have a potential use in the elucidation of the oviposition stimulant of the sweet potato weevil.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343589
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of tobacco hornworm antibiosis factor from cuticulae of repandae section ofNicotiana species (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 14 (1988), S. 1485-1494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Nicotiana repanda ; Nicotiana stocktonii ; Nicotiana nesophila ; nicotine alkaloids ; hydroxyacylnornicotines ; Manduca sexta ; tobacco hornworm ; Lepidoptera ; Sphingidae ; antibiosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Cuticular components of the green leaves of the Repandae section of theNicotiana species contain compounds that have been shown to be toxic to larvae of the tobacco hornworm larvae,Manduca sexta. The surface constituents of leaves of greenhouse-grownN. repanda, N. stocktonii, andN. nesophila were extracted with methylene chloride in order to isolate the active compounds. Solvent partitioning and gel chromatography was used to isolate a series of hydroxyacylnornicotines (HOAcylNN). The major component was identified asN′-(3-hydroxy-12-methyltridecanoyl)nornicotine. A number of minor 3-hydroxyacylnornicotines, with the acyl group containing C13-C15, were also identified. The HOAcylNN mixture in ethanol was topically applied to first-instar tobacco hornworm larvae at rates of 10, 50, 100, and 200 μg. Mortalities after 48 hr were 33, 44, 78, and 100% respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01012420
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biochemical activity of centipedegrass against fall armyworm larvae (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 16 (1990), S. 2677-2690 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Resistance ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; Lepidoptera ; Noctuidae ; antibiosis ; bioactivity ; plant biochemicals ; chlorogenic acid ; maysin ; luteolin ; fall armyworm ; centipedegrass ; Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Centipedegrass,Eremochloa ophiuroides (Munro) Hack, severely inhibits growth of the fall armyworm larva,Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith). Fresh centipedegrass extracts and extract fractions were deposited on Celufil, incorporated into meridic-based diets and bioassayed against neonate larvae of the fall armyworm in the laboratory. The methanol extract (F1) caused the greatest reduction in larval weight. When F1, was partitioned between méthylene chloride and water, the activity was transferred to the water-soluble fraction (F5), which, when further fractionated using preparative C-18 reverse-phase chromatography, yielded active F7 and F8 fractions. Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry and high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed F7 to be 95% caffeoylquinic acids with chlorogenic acid as the major constituent. HPLC analysis of F8 revealed maysin [2″-O- α-L-rhamnosyl-6-C-(6-deoxy-Xylo-hexos-4-ulosyl)luteolin] and other luteolin derivatives. Chlorogenic acid and other caffeoylquinic acids, maysin, and other luteolin derivatives are the major factors responsible for the antibiotic resistance of centipedegrass to larvae of the fall armyworm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00988078
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simple conversion of two standard gas chromatographs to all-glass capillary systems (1980)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 3 (1980), S. 11-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: GC instrument conversion ; All-glass GC-2 system ; Phenols ; Hydrocarbons ; Terpenoids ; Linear response ; Reproducibility ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Two regular GC instruments were modified with injection port liners, split-mode injection systems, pressure regulators, effluent traps and needle valves to produce an all-glass GC-2 system. This simple and inexpensive system allows the quantitative analyses of phenols, hydrocarbons, acids, sterols, terpenoids, and alkaloids with excellent reproducibility and linear response. Even more impressive was its ability to analyze a C45-terpenoid alcohol, solanesol, as its TMS-derivative (M.W. 702).
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240030104
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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