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  • Cerebral atrophy  (2)
  • Alzheimer's Cells Type I and II  (1)
  • Anion exchange  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Congenital muscular dystrophy ; Cerebral atrophy ; Myelin deficiency ; Multisystem degeneration ; Sural nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Severe degenerative features of the nervous system of a hitherto unknown kind, associated with a neuromuscular disorder with histopathological features of congenital muscular dystrophy, are reported in two female siblings. The clinical profile was characterized by generalized hypotonia followed by spastic tetraplegia, contractures, polyneuropathy, lack of cognitive development and progressive microcephaly. There was no involvement of the eyes. Neuropathological examination of the brain of one sibling, who died at the age of 30 months, revealed subtotal loss of neurons in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex and in the ventral pons, and secondary loss of myelin in the cerebral and cerebellar subcortical white matter. Sural nerve biopsy in the other sibling, who had a similar neurological affection, showed a lack of large myelinated fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Aging ; Alzheimer's disease ; Anion exchange ; Band 3 ; Immunochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Proteins immunologically related to the human erythrocyte anion transporter band 3 are present in neurons of the human neocortex and hippocampus. Immunocytochemical studies show increased band 3 immunoreactivity in neurons in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. Immunoblot studies show the presence of band 3-like molecules in brain membrane fractions, and suggest changes in expression and/or processing of band 3-like molecules in Alzheimer's disease-affected regions. We postulate that alterations in membrane-bound, band 3-like molecules may reflect termination of neuronal lifespan in Alzheimer's disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Congenital muscular dystrophy ; Cerebral atrophy ; Myelin deficiency ; Multisystem degeneration ; Sural nerve
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Severe degenerative features of the nervous system of a hitherto unknown kind, associated with a neuromuscular disorder with histopathological features of congenital muscular dystrophy, are reported in two female siblings. The clinical profile was characterized by generalized hypotonia followed by spastic tetraplegia, contractures, polyneuropathy, lack of cognitive development and progressive microcephaly. There was no involvement of the eyes. Neuropathological examination of the brain of one sibling, who died at the age of 30 months, revealed subtotal loss of neurons in the cerebral and cerebellar cortex and in the ventral pons, and secondary loss of myelin in the cerebral and cerebellar subcortical white matter. Sural nerve biopsy in the other sibling, who had a similar neurological affection, showed a lack of large myelinated fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Wilson's Disease ; Hepatogenic Encephalopathy ; Alzheimer's Cells Type I and II ; Opalski Cells ; Tissue Culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Absicht der Experimente war es, in Gliagewebskulturen die für die Wilsonsche Krankheit und für die hepathogene Encephalopathie typischen Veränderungen zu erzeugen. Die Experimente wurden an Kleinhirnzellkulturen von neugeborenen Ratten durchgeführt. Das Standardmedium wurde ergänzt mit: 1. Serum von Patienten mit Wilsonscher Krankheit, 2. Serum von Patienten mit Leberkoma, 3. Kupferacetat, 4. Ammoniumchlorid. In allen Versuchsgruppen wurden typische morphologische Veränderungen an den Gliazellen beobachtet. Diese nahmen die Form von Alzheimer-Zellen des Typs I und II, Opalski-Zellen und intermediären Zellen an. Histochemische Abweichungen zeigten sich in Form von Anhäufung neutraler und saurer Mucopolysaccharide im Cytoplasma der Opalski-und Intermediärzellen mit einem begleitenden Abfall der SDH-und GDH-Aktivität sowie ein einer Zunahme der G6PDH und sauren Phosphatase-Aktivität. Der mögliche pathogenetische Mechanismus dieser Veränderungen wird diskutiert. Die Autoren vermuten, daß sowohl Kupfer als auch Ammoniak eine Schädigung der intracellulären Enzymketten des Kohlenhydratstoffwechsels bewirken. Diese Schädigung führt zu einer Anhäufung von Mucopolysacchariden in den Gliazellen.
    Notes: Summary The object of the experiments was to obtain changes typical for Wilson's disease and hepatogenic encephalopathy in glial tissue cultures. The experiments were carried out on newborn rat cerebellum tissue cultures. The standard medium was supplemented with: 1. Serum from patients with Wilson's disease, 2. serum from patients with hepatic coma, 3. copper acetate, 4. ammonium chloride. In all experimental groups typical morphological changes of glial cells were observed. These took the form of Alzheimer cells type I and II, Opalski cells, and intermediate cells. Histochemical abnormalities appeared in the form of an accumulation of neutral and acid mucopolysaccharides in the cytoplasm of Opalski and intermediate cells, with an accompanying decrease of SDH and GDH activity, and an increase in G-6PDH and acid phosphatase activity. The possible pathogenic mechanism of the above changes is discussed. The authors suggest both copper and ammonia cause damage in the intracellular enzymatic chains involved in carbohydrate metabolism. This damage leads to an accumulation of mucopolysaccharides in the glial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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