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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A putative multipartite model of haloperidol interaction in apomorphine-disturbed behavior of the dog (1978)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 59 (1978), S. 255-258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Dog ; Self-stimulation ; Apomorphine ; Haloperidol ; Stimulus control
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The interaction between various doses of apomorphine and haloperidol on intracranial self-stimulation in the dog was studied using a pradigm in which reinforcing brain-stimulation was controlled by a discriminative auditory stimulus. Reinforced leverpressing was decreased by low doses of apomorphine and completely suppressed by stereotypogenic doses. At various doses of apomorphine, low doses of haloperidol either increased response inhibition by enhancing stereotypy, or increased lever pressing by reducing stereotypy while concomitantly increasing the number of nonreinforced responses. Intermediate to relatively high doses of haloperidol antagonized stereotypy and the response inhibition produced by apomorphine. High doses of haloperidol antagonized stereotypy but also suppressed self-stimulation. Thus, haloperidol is not only able to restore performance capability, but also disturbed reinforcing and discriminative stimulus control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426630
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioural activity of rats measured by a new method based on the piezo-electric principle (1987)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 93 (1987), S. 382-388 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Motor activity ; Locomotion ; Behaviour ; Methods ; Haloperidol ; Apomorphine ; Amphetamine ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Spontaneous and drug-induced (haloperidol, apomorphine, and amphetamine) motor activity of rats was measured simultaneously via two distinct and independent methods: the classical optical scanning technique and a new procedure based on the piezo-electric principle. The latter procedure measured animal-induced mechanical vibrations of a flexible cage floor which were transduced into electric signals via piezo-electricity. The piezo method appeared to be relatively more sensitive in recording the small, stereotyped motor movements induced by apomorpine (0.63–≧10 mg/kg) and high doses of amphetamine (2.5–≧20 mg/kg). The optical scanning technique, on the other hand, was more sensitive in recording horizontal displacements across the cage such as induced by low doses of amphetamine (0.31–2.5 mg/kg). Both methods showed comparable sensitivity in recording the depression of behaviour induced by haloperidol (0.04–≧1.25 mg/kg) or low doses of apomorphine (0.04–0.16 mg/kg). The piezo method may complement the optical scanning procedure, and thereby enhance the information on the extent that test compounds modify animal behaviour.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00187261
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of various neuroleptic drugs on shock avoidance responding in rats (1970)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 17 (1970), S. 151-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Conditioning ; Neuroleptics ; Rats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The inhibitory effects of four neuroleptic drugs on amphetamineinduced stimulation in a discriminated Sidman avoidance procedure in rats were measured. Amphetamine 0.63 mg/kg s.c. increased R (responses) and decreased W (warning stimuli), WR (warning responses) and S (shocks). Relatively low doses of all four neuroleptics antagonized the amphetamineinduced changes. The order of potency was haloperidol 〉 pimozide 〉 chlorpromazine 〉 pipamperone. The duration of action was pimozide 〉 haloperidol 〉 pipamperone 〉 chlorpromazine. Haloperidol, pimozide and pipamperone restored the amphetamine-induced changes to the initial control levels in the order: S, W, WR and R. With chlorpromazine this order was reversed, except for R. The different pharmacological profiles of haloperidol, pimozide and pipamperone are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00402705
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial self-stimulation in rats as a function of various stimulus parameters (1973)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 30 (1973), S. 163-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Apomorphine ; Rats ; Self-Stimulation ; Medial Forebrain Bundle ; Monopolar Electrodes ; Various Stimulus Parameter Combinations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of different subcutaneous doses (0.08, 0.16, 0.31, 0.63 and 1.25 mg/kg) of apomorphine on self-stimulation in rats, with monopolar nichrome electrodes, implanted in the medial forebrain bundle at the level of the lateral hypothalamus were studied. Six different selected stimulus parameter combinations inducing different predictable response rates were used. Apomorphine was found to produce a dose-related response stimulation and a dose-related response depression. The highest stimulation was obtained at 0.63 mg/kg, the highest depression at 1.25 mg/kg. The response stimulation with apomorphine was 1. inversely related to the control response rate, i.e. the higher the control response rate, the lower the response stimulation after apomorphine and vice versa, 2. directly related to the control response rate of the individual rats, i.e. the highest response stimulation was obtained with the most sensitive rat and vice versa. The response inhibition with apomorphine was not related to the control response rates but was more pronounced during the first 1/2 h of the session. It is postulated that 1. increased self-stimulation with apomorphine could be the result of an increased motor response output; 2. decreased self-stimulation with apomorphine could be due to non-adaptive behaviour as a result of non-physiological overexcitation with interruption of integrated behaviour; 3. a complex behavioural pattern like intracranial self-stimulation depends on different interacting systems, mediated by different transmitters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421431
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of haloperidol and amphetamine on two different noise-escape situations in rats (1972)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 25 (1972), S. 22-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Haloperidol ; Amphetamine ; Rats ; Noise-Escape ; Shuttle Box ; Skinner Box
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The learning process of two different noise-escape responses—lever pressing and jumping—was studied in the same rats using a shuttle box automatically transformable during the experimental sessions into two Skinner boxes. The effects of different doses of haloperidol and amphetamine were studied in rats overtrained in the two situations. The learning process was slower in the Skinner box than in the shuttle box. To reach the maximum response level in 50% of the rats 13 to 18 training sessions of 5 min were necessary in the shuttle box versus 31 to 36 in the Skinner box. Haloperidol prolonged the latency (T) and reduced the frequency (F and F′) of both lever pressing (L) and jumping responses (J) to about the same extent at the same dose levels (lowest effective dose 0.04 mg/kg s.c.). At 0.005 mg/kg haloperidol slightly increased F′L. At doses lower than 2.5 mg/kg, amphetamine decreased T in both the Skinner and the shuttle box and the ineffective responses (F′) were increased up to 4 to 5 times their control values. The lowest effective dose was 0.16 mg/kg in the shuttle box (F′J) and 0.31 mg/kg in the Skinner box (F′L). At 2.5 mg/kg amphetamine increased T and reduced F.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00422613
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intracranial self-stimulation in rats as a function of various stimulus parameters (1974)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 34 (1974), S. 265-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Amphetamine ; Rats ; Self-Stimulation ; Medial Forebrain Bundle ; Monopolar Electrodes ; Various Stimulus Parameter Combinations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effects of various subcutaneous doses (0.16, 0.31, 0.63, 1.25 and 2.50 mg/kg) of amphetamine on self-stimulation in rats, with monopolar nichrome electrodes, implanted in the medial forebrain bundle at the level of the lateral hypothalamus, were studied. Six different stimulus parameter combinations (SPC), inducing different predictable response rates, were used. Response stimulation as well as response inhibition were measured at the same dose levels in the same rats and during the same experimental session. At each dose level of amphetamine response stimulation was more pronounced than response depression. The response depression was dose-related and the response stimulation reached a peak at 0.63 mg/kg. The response depression was directly related and the response stimulation inversely related to the control response rate, obtained with the different SPC's. It is assumed that amphetamine enhanced self-stimulation by lowering the threshold at the synaptic level and by increasing catecholamine release at neurons mediating motivational properties and reinforcement. Inhibition of the response rate at high doses of amphetamine can be attributed to non-specific motor stimulation interfering with performance efficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00421967
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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