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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Postural strategies associated with somatosensory and vestibular loss (1990)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 82 (1990), S. 167-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Posture ; Somatosensory ; Vestibular ; Movement ; EMG ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study examines the roles of somatosensory and vestibular information in the coordination of postural responses. The role of somatosensory information was examined by comparing postural responses of healthy control subjects prior to and following somatosensory loss due to hypoxic anesthesia of the feet and ankles. The role of vestibular information was evaluated by comparing the postural responses of control subjects and patients with bilateral vestibular loss. Postural responses were quantified by measuring 1) spatial and temporal characteristics of leg and trunk EMG activation; 2) ankle, knee, and hip joint kinematics, and 3) surface forces in response to anterior and posterior surface translations under different visual and surface conditions. Results showed that neither vestibular nor somatosensory loss resulted in delayed or disorganized postural responses. However, both types of sensory deficits altered the type of postural response selected under a given set of conditions. Somatosensory loss resulted in an increased hip strategy for postural correction, similar to the movement strategy used by control subjects while standing across a shortened surface. Vestibular loss resulted in a normal ankle strategy but lack of a hip strategy, even when required for the task of maintaining equilibrium on a shortened surface. Neither somatosensory nor vestibular loss resulted in difficulty in utilizing remaining sensory information for orientation during quiet stance. These results support the hypothesis that cutaneous and joint somatosensory information from the feet and ankles may play an important role in assuring that the form of postural movements are appropriate for the current biomechanical constraints of the surface and/or foot. The results also suggest that vestibular information is necessary in controlling equilibrium in a task requiring use of the hip strategy. Thus, both somatosensory and vestibular sensory information play important roles in the selection of postural movement strategies appropriate for their environmental contexts.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230848
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direction and amplitude precuing has no effect on automatic posture responses (1991)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 84 (1991), S. 219-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Posture ; Movement precuing ; Cerebellar disease ; Parkinson's disease ; Motor control ; Human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Automatic postural responses of leg muscles to the sudden displacement of standing support were investigated under four different conditions of information given to subjects in advance. Results from three groups of subjects were compared: 6 normal subjects, 10 patients with cerebellar disease, and 9 patients with Parkinson's disease. Specifically, each subject was provided with visual information about the direction and/or the amplitude of an upcoming platform tilt. For the control situation no advance information on the characteristics of platform tilt was provided. Neither the latencies nor the integrals of postural EMG-responses showed alterations with advance information. In contrast, in a control experiment in which 3 normal subjects had to perform large or small forward or backward voluntary movements of the body around the ankle joint, shorter onset-latencies of leg muscle EMG responses were observed with increasing complexity of the advance information. These results suggest that, unlike voluntary movements, postural responses to rapid surface tilts do not benefit from advance visual information on direction or amplitude of a postural disturbance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231777
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antimigraine drugs (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 515-519 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Migraine attack ; 5-HT1B/1D agonists ; Analgesics ; Ergotamine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Migraine is a paroxysmal disorder characterized by attacks of headache, nausea, vomiting, photophobia, phonophobia, and malaise. This review summarizes new treatment options for therapy of the acute attack. Mild or moderate migraine attacks are treated with antiemetics followed by analgesics such as aspirin, paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or antiemetics combined with ergotamine or dihydroergotamine. Sumatriptan, a specific serotonin (5-HT)1B/D agonist is used when attacks do not respond to ergotamine, or when intolerable side effects occur. The new migraine drugs zolmitriptan, naratriptan, rizatriptan, and eletriptan differ slightly in their pharmacological profiles, which translates into minor differences in efficacy, headache recurrence, and side effects. New drugs in migraine prophylaxis include cyclandelate, valproic acid and magnesium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050396
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analgesic-induced chronic headache: long-term results of withdrawal therapy (1989)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 236 (1989), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Chronic headache ; Analgesics ; Withdrawal therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Headache characteristics are described in 139 patients with chronic daily or almost daily headaches due to regular intake of analgesics and the short- and long-term results of drug withdrawal. Drug-induced headache was described as dull, diffuse, and band-like, and usually started in the early morning. The mean duration of the original headache (migraine or tension headache) was 25 years; regular intake of drugs and chronic daily headache had started 10 and 6 years prior to withdrawal therapy, respectively. Patients took an average of 34.6 tablets or analgesic suppositories or antimigraine drugs per week containing 5.8 different substances. The drugs most often used were caffeine (95%), ergotalkaloids (89%), barbiturates (64%), and spasmolytics, paracetamol, and pyrazolone derivates (45%–46%). A total of 103 patients (68 migraine, 35 tension or combination headache) were available for interviews at a mean time interval of 2.9 years after an inpatient drug withdrawal programme. Chronic headache had disappeared or was reduced by more than 50% in two-thirds of the patients. Positive predictors for successful treatment were migraine as primary headache, chronic headache lasting less than 10 years, and regular intake of ergotamine. Drug intake was significantly reduced and patients used single substances more often. Patients who originally suffered from migraine, superimposed on the daily headache, also experienced a significant improvement in the frequency of the migraines and their intensity. Migraine prophylaxis through beta-blocking agents and calcium channel antagonists was more efficient after drug-withdrawal therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00314210
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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