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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (6)
  • cimetidine  (5)
  • Chloramphenicol  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of nutrition 24 (1985), S. 113-119 
    ISSN: 1436-6215
    Keywords: Chloramphenicol ; pharmacokinetics ; residue ; pig
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Residues of Chloramphenicol (CAP) were examined in 24 pigs after intramuscular injection of 30 mg CAP/kg body weight. Two pigs were slaughtered after 3, 6, 12,18, 24, 36 hours, 2, 3, 6, 10, 21 and 30 days, respectively. CAP-concentrations were determined in muscle, blood, urine, liver, kidney, bile, and fat. Methods used were gas-liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay. Detection limits reached were 1−5 ppb. The concentration-time curves obtained reflected a long elimination phase and allowed only calculation of this half-life. Elimination half-life was estimated to be for muscle, blood and urine 160–170 hours, for kidney 310 and for bile 250 hours. Significant correlations were found to exist between CAP-concentrations in plasma and muscle. It appears that blood would be a good body fluid for monitoring CAP-residues in tissue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Untersuchung des Rückstandsverhaltens von Chloramphenicol (CAP) wurden 24 Mastschweine, 24–28 Wochen alt, intramuskulär mit 30 mg CAP/kg Körpergewicht behandelt und je 2 Tiere nach 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 36 Stunden, 2, 3, 6, 10, 21 und 30 Tagen geschlachtet. Die CAP-Gehalte in Muskulatur, Blut, Urin, Leber, Niere, Galle und Fett wurden gaschromatographisch und radioimmunologisch bestimmt. Die Nachweisgrenze beider Methoden liegt in Abhängigkeit von der Matrix zwischen 1 und 5 ppb. Die erhaltenen Kinetiken weisen eine terminale Elimination auf, deren Halbwertszeiten für Muskulatur, Blut und Urin ca. 160–170 Stunden, für Niere 310 Stunden und für Galle 250 Stunden betragen. Die CAP-Konzentration in Muskulatur und Blut weisen eine signifikante, lineare Korrelation auf. Blutuntersuchungen könnten deshalb als Screening-Methode bei umfangreichen Rückstandskontrollen eingesetzt werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 109-110 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: bisoprolol ; cimetidine ; interaction ; renal clearance ; tubular secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 31 (1986), S. 235-237 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; tolbutamide ; pharmacokinetic interaction ; drug metabolism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have investigated the influence of cimetidine on the disposition of tolbutamide in 7 healthy subjects, who received 250 mg tolbutamide daily for 4 days followed by the concomitant intake of cimetidine 400 mg twice daily for a further 4 days. Cimetidine had no effect on the disposition of tolbutamide, including the unbound hydroxylation clearance rate (324 ml·min−1, tolbutamide alone; 316 ml·min−1, tolbutamide plus cimetidine). The total urinary recovery of carboxy- and hydroxy-tolbutamide metabolites was 85.7±20.3% of the dose when tolbutamide was given alone and 78.9±14.3% when given with cimetidine. This lack of a pharmacokinetic interaction suggests selectivity of cimetidine-induced inhibition of Phase I drug oxidation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 25 (1983), S. 339-345 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; procainamide ; interaction ; renal clearance ; tubular secretion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hypothesis that basic drugs can compete for active tubular secretion by the kidney was tested in six healthy volunteers by comparing the single dose pharmacokinetics of oral procainamide before and during a daily dose of cimetidine. The area under the procainamide plasma concentration-time curve was increased by cimetidine by an average of 35% from 27.0±0.3 µg/ml·h to 36.5±3.4 µg/ml·h. The elimination half-life increased from an harmonic mean of 2.92 to 3.68 h. The renal clearance of procainamide was reduced by cimetidine from 347±46 ml/min to 196±11 ml/min. All these results were statistically significant (p〈0.016). The area under the plasma concentration-time curve for n-acetylprocainamide was increased by a mean of 25% by cimetidine due to a significant (p〈0.016) reduction in renal clearance from 258±60 ml/min to 197±59 ml/min. The data suggests that cimetidine inhibits the tubular secretion of both procainamide and n-acetylprocainamide, and, if so, represents the first documented evidence for this type of drug interaction in man. The clinical implications from this study necessitate dosage adjustments of procainamide in patients being concomitantly treated with cimetidine. The interaction is pertinent not only for basic drugs that are cleared by the kidney, but also for metabolites of basic drugs and endogenous substances which require active transport into the lumen of the proximal tubule of the kidney for their elimination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 19 (1981), S. 343-347 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; phenobarbital ; gastro-intestinal absorption ; bioavailability ; renal clearance ; non-renal clearance ; enzyme induction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics of orally administered cimetidine was studied in 8 healthy subjects before and after 3 weeks of treatment with phenobarbital 100 mg daily, and in a separate study 4 subjects received cimetidine intravenously before and after the administration of phenobarbital. There was no change in the volume of distribution, but total plasma clearance was increased by a mean of 18%, mainly due to a 37% increase in nonrenal clearance. Renal clearance and half-life were not significantly altered. The area under the plasma concentration-time curve after oral administration was significantly (P≪0.05) reduced by a mean of 15% after phenobarbital treatment. The amount of cimetidine excreted in urine and its sulphoxide metabolite were significantly (P〈0.05) reduced, on average by 34% and 26%, respectively by phenobarbital treatment. The data indicate that an apparent 20% reduction in the absorption of cimetidine was due to induction of gastrointestinal metabolism of cimetidine, with some contribution also from hepatic metabolism. Reduced absorption per se could not be totally excluded. Although the magnitude of the change was small, the finding of an 11% decrease in the time to achieve an effective plasma level of cimetidine after phenobarbital treatment may contribute to the ineffectiveness of cimetidine in certain patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 20 (1981), S. 225-228 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; antacids ; metoclopramide ; absorption ; bioavailability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary In 8 healthy subjects the absorption of cimetidine was investigated when given alone, together with 60 ml aluminium/magnesium hyroxyde containing antacid (neutralising capacity 26 mmol HCl/10 ml), and together with liquid metoclopramide 14 mg. The antacid significantly (P〈0.01) reduced the bioavailability (area under the plasma level-time curve) of cimetidine, on average by one third. Metoclopramide also reduced the bioavailability by an average of 22%. The reductions were associated with significantly reduced excretion of cimetidine in urine. There was no change in the half-life or renal clearance of cimetidine, supporting the hypothesis of reduced gastrointestinal absorption. The results indicate that cimetidine and antacids should not be given together, and that the dose of cimetidine may have to be increased if it is administered concomitantly with metoclopramide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 29 (1994), S. 540-546 
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The gas-phase, ion molecule reaction between C3O2+. and C3O2 has been studied by both double-focusing and ion trap mass spectrometry, rationalized by the formation of a dimeric, odd electron cation [C6O4]+. which decomposes extensively through sequential CO losses giving rise to [C5O3]+. and [C4O2]+. ions. The thermodynamics of this process have been investigated by means of ab initio calculation performed on the above species using different basis sets (STO-3G, 3-21G and 6-31G*).
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 132-137 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A formyl ketenyl platinum derivative, trans-μ1-(PCy3)2(H)Pt[C(CHO)CO] (where Cy represents a cyclohexyl group), when reacted with HCl, gives a C3H2O2 species among the reaction products. The structure was investigated mass spectrometrically by study of the reactions of metastable ions, and the information gained was combined with data from theoretical calculations to rationalize the structure of the C3H2O2 molecule.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report here the spectra that result when singly and doubly charged buckminsterfullerene ions, C60+· and C602+, collide with self-assembled monolayer films at collison energies ranging from 125 to 320 eV. The surfaces were prepared by the spontaneous assembly of octadecanethiol (CH3(CH2)17SH), perdeuteroeicosanethiol (CD3(CD2)19SH), and 2-(perfluorooctyl)-ethanethiol (CF3(CF2)7CH17CH2SH) on vapor-deposited gold. The fluorinated surface causes the greatest conversion of kinetic energy into internal energy, more extensive fragmentation of doubly charged buckminsterfullerene C602+ is detected in collisions with this surface than in collisions with the alkanethiolate surfaces.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 30 (1995), S. 1049-1050 
    ISSN: 1076-5174
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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