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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (12)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (9)
  • Diet  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of long-term aggressive dietary management of chronic renal failure in children (1990)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 4 (1990), S. 1-10 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Diet ; Children ; Growth ; Hyperparathyroidism ; Protein ; Phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Ten children with chronic renal failure (CRF) were managed for 3 years using a strict low-protein and low-phosphorus diet supplemented by a mixture of the keto and amino forms of the essential amino acids and histidine (phase II). All of these children were previously managed for at least 2 years with a less rigorous diet of limited protein intake with no specific reduction of phosphorus (phase I). Energy, vitamin D, bicarbonate, phosphate binders and vitamin and mineral mixtures were added as required during both dietary phases. Data on dietary intake showed a significant fall in protein and phosphorus intake and a rise in calcium intake during phase II compared with phase I. Plasma calcium increased and phosphate fell, with an associated fall in intact parathyroid hormone levels. There was a marked improvement in urea creatinine ratios, which suggested an improved anabolic state. Cholesterol and triglyceride levels were improved. Height and weight velocity were increased, becoming significant after 3 years of phase II. Renal function deteriorated at a slower rate than predicted. The diet was well tolerated by the children, with fitness and school performance showing improvement. We conclude that long-term strict dietary management of children with CRF is feasible. Our data suggest an overall improvement in general health and an apparent reduction in the rate of deterioration of renal function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00858428
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Accelerated growth in short children with chronic renal failure treated with both strict dietary therapy and recombinant growth hormone (1992)
    Springer
    Pediatric nephrology 6 (1992), S. 451-458 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-198X
    Keywords: Chronic renal failure ; Short stature ; Recombinant human growth hormone ; Diet ; Protein ; Phosphate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a 12-month study, nine boys, aged 4.8–15.6 years, with bone ages 4.6–13 years, with moderate to severe chronic renal failure and resultant growth failure were treated with daily recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH), in conjunction with a strict low-protein/low-phosphate diet supplemented with keto and amino forms of the essential amino acids, histidine and additional energy. Improved growth had previously been observed with this dietary management over that obtained with conventional treatment for chronic renal failure. Each child had been on this diet for at least 2 years before rhGH was commenced. Mean height velocity increased from 4.6±1.3 to 9.0±1.3 cm/year (P〈0.001) in the pre-pubertal group, and in the pubertal group from 5.4±1.4 to 10.4±1.8 cm/year (P〈0.01). The mean height velocity standard deviation scores (SDSs) increased from −1.2±0.6 to +2.3±0.9 (P〈0.001) in the pre-pubertal group and from −0.4±0.6 to +1.9±1.1 (P〈0.01) in the pubertal group. Mean height SDS for chronological age increased from −2.2±0.7 to −1.5±0.5 (P〈0.01) in the pre-pubertal group and from −1.9±0.7 to −1.3±0.9 in the pubertal group (P〈0.02). There was no significant deterioration in renal function or renal bone disease, and bone age did not advance more than chronological age over the 12-month period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00874012
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collision-induced dissociations of deprotonated peptides. Dipeptides containing methionine or cysteine (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 623-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The collisional activation mass spectra of the [M - H]- ions of dipeptides containing Met or Cys show the usual backbone fragmentation allowing the sequence of the peptide to be determined. A methionine residue may be identified by the presence of a pronounced peak resulting from loss of MeSH, while a cysteine residue may be identified by the presence of a peak corresponding to loss of either H2S or (H2S + CO2).
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290070714
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple method for differentiating Leu and Ile in peptides. The negative-ion mass spectra of [M — h]- ions of phenylthiohydantoin Leu and Ile (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 (1995), S. 1241-1243 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Phenylthiohydantoin (PTH) amino acid derivatives are formed during sequential Edman degradation of peptides and proteins. Isomeric Leu and Ile (which differ only in respectively having iso-butyl and sec-butyl chains, and are often difficult to distinguish by conventional mass spectrometric techniques) may be readily identified by the characteristic decompositions of the [M — H]- ions of their PTH derivatives. The Leu spectrum shows major loss of propane, while that of the Ile derivative shows elimination of both methane and ethane. This method may be used routinely with 10 μg quantities of peptide material.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290091305
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A review of the collision-induced dissociations of deprotonated dipeptides and tripeptides. An aid to structure determination (1994)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 8 (1994), S. 169-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structures of underivatized di- and tripeptides may be determined from a consideration of the collision-induced dissociations of their [M - H]- ions. There are three types of fragmentation, viz. (i) the backbone cleavage which provides sequencing information, (ii) α side-chain cleavage irrespective of the position of the amino acid residue, and (iii) cleavages which are characteristic of amino acid residues in specific positions, in particular the N- or C-terminal positions.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290080209
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of underivatized tetrapeptides by negative-ion fast-atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 9 (1995), S. 677-685 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The [M — H]- ions derived from tetrapeptides generally show two different collision-induced backbone cleavages which allow the determination of the amino acid sequence of the peptide. The first of these involves the formation of the carboxylate anions of either constituent amino acids or fragment peptides. In the second, amino acids or fragment peptides are eliminated as neutrals. There are a number of residues which undergo characteristic sidechain fragmentations irrespective of their position in the tetrapeptide, e.g. Ser, Thr, Cys, Met, Phe and Tyr. However, there are also some residues which, when situated at the C-terminal end of the peptide, promote pronounced fragmentation at the C-terminal position which occurs to the exclusion of the normal backbone cleavages. We conclude that the data obtained from these negative-ion cleavages are analytically useful, and complement those provided by the cognate positive-ion technique.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290090810
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toughening epoxy resins with polyepichlorohydrin (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 48 (1993), S. 1259-1269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyepichlorohydrin (PECH) rubbers were found to toughen epoxy resins based on the diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) and cured with piperidine. The degree of toughening depends on the molecular weight of the PECH and on the curing temperature. Best toughening was achieved with PECH of the highest nominal molecular weight of 3400 (Hydrin 10 × 2). Hydrin 10 × 1 (nominal molecular weight 1700) did not toughen the epoxy resin unless bisphenol A was also added, whereas Hydrin 10 × 2 toughened it in the absence of bisphenol A. Curing resins containing bisphenol A and Hydrin 10 × 1 at 160°C resulted in a slightly more brittle resin than when cured at 120°C. The effect of PECH rubbers on the Tg, modulus, and hot/wet properties is similar to that of carboxy-terminated butadiene-acrylonitrile rubbers (CTBN). Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) of fractured surfaces show that the PECH separates as a discrete phase during curing. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070480714
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aqueous degradation of polyimides (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 15 (1971), S. 2965-2974 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of an aqueous environment on the tensile properties of Kapton polyimide film has been investigated. Immersion of specimens in distilled water at 25° to 100°C for time periods ranging from one hour to several hundred hours resulted in a decrease in the ultimate tensile strength of the polymer from 23 ksi to approximately 14 ksi, and a corresponding decrease in elongation to failure from 38% to approximately 5%. The kinetics of this decrease in mechanical properties are second order and yield an activation energy of approximately 15.6 kcal/mole. The reaction is slightly dependent on pH in the range 2.0 to 12.0, but is highly dependent on the pH in the range 0.4 to 2.0. The decrease in mechanical properties at pH 2.0 to 6.0 appears to be due to hydrolysis of either uncyclized amic acid linkages or diamide functional groups present in the polyimide, whereas that at pH below 2.0 is probably the result of hydrolysis of both imide and amide bonds. Prolonged reflux of the polyimide in water resulted in the extraction of a water-soluble, amide-containing material.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1971.070151206
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The oxyisocyanate [ONCO]- and amidoisocyanate [HNNCO]- negative ions (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 3 (1989), S. 151-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ab initio calculations indicate that the ion [ONCO]- is linear, whereas [HNNCO]- is effectively coplanar. The ions may be formed by collisional activation of deprotonated hydroxy and aminocarbamates. The characteristic fragmentations of [ONCO]- and [HNNOO]- are losses of O and NH respectively.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290030509
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion chemistry of the methylcarbonate anion (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 3 (1989), S. 338-339 
    Details
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The ion MeOCO2- fragments upon collisional activation by competitive losses of Me, CH2 and CO2. The loss of formaldehyde involves hydride-ion transfer to form HCO2-. MeOCO2- reacts as a methoxyl-ion donor in a characteristic reaction with sulphur dioxide, i.e. MeOCO2- + SO2→ MeOSO2-+ CO2.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rcm.1290031004
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