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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (31)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution à l'étude de la sorption de dioxanne-1,4 par un film amorphe de poly(téréphtalate d'éthylène glycol) et des modifications physiques du polymère engendrées par cette sorption, 1. Étude de la sorption du dioxanne-1,4 dans le polymère amorphe (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 3385-3399 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The radiochemical methods used allow the study of the penetration of 1,4-dioxane into an amorphous poly(ethylene terephthalate), (PETP), film, by estimation of solvent uptake and penetration depth into the polymeric sample. They also contribute to the study of the desorption of the 1P-dioxane retained by the polymer under different drying conditions, or by exchange with another solvent, the sorption of which allows the characterization of the morphological changes which occurred during the drying of the 1,4-dioxane pretreated film.The kinetics of the liquid 1,4-dioxane sorption being very fast, a gravimetric study of 1,4-dioxane vapours sorption pointed out the plasticizing effect of this solvent as well as the existence of a reject phenomenon of solvent consequently to a crystallization induced by the plasticizing of the PETP. The 1,4-dioxane sorption is strongly exothermal and polymer-solvent interactions can occur involving the fixation of 1,4-dioxane into the polymer.
    Notes: Les méthodes radiochimiques utilisées permettent de suivre la pénétration du dioxanne-1,4 dans un film de poly(téréphtalate d'éthylène glycol) (PETP) amorphe, par dosage du taux de reprise de ce solvant et par estimation de la profondeur de pénétration de ce dernier dans l'échantillon polymérique. Elles contribuent également à l'étude de la désorption du dioxanne-1,4 retenu par le polymère dans différentes conditions de séchage, ou par échange avec un autre solvant dont la sorption permet de caractériser des modifications morphologiques survenues au cours du séchage du film prétraité au dioxanne-1,4.La cinétique de sorption du dioxanne-1,4 en milieu liquide étant excessivement rapide, une étude gravimétrique de sorption de vapeurs de dioxanne-1,4 a montré le rǒle plastifiant de ce solvant ainsi que l'existence d'un phénomène de rejet de celui-ci, par suite d'une cristallisation contrǒlée par la plastification du PETP. La sorption du dioxanne-1,4 est fortement exothermique et des interactions polymère-solvant peuvent se produire en entraǐnant la fixation de dioxanne-1,4 dans le polymère.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1975.021761121
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of sub-microgram quantities of nucleotides by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 15 (1988), S. 547-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nucleotides of the structure P1,Pn-di(adenosine-5′)-n-phosphate (n = di- through penta-) in the form of salts, and P1,P4-di(guanosine-5′)tetraphosphate sodium salt have been analyzed by fast atom bombardment (FAB) mass spectrometry. A 0.2 molar solution of p-toluenesulfonic acid in glycerol has been evaluated as a matrix. In this matrix, the metal ions of the nucleotide salts are readily exchanged for protons, resulting in a simple spectrum with only one peak in the molecular ion region corresponding to the free phosphoric acid of the nucleotide plus or minus a proton (positive or negative mode), instead of the multiplicity of peaks arising from a series of metal and matrix adduct ions found with glycerol as matrix. The detection limit for analytes using this matrix is improved by a factor of ten compared to glycerol alone. It appears that the high acidity and the surfactant properties of p-toluenesulfonic acid both contribute to this result. Useful spectra are obtained from 250 ng of each of the above mentioned nucleotides, with the detection limit being somewhat lower in the positive mode. However, both positive and negative FAB spectra are useful and the results are complementary.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200151007
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cure of epoxy resins with cyanoacetamides (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 26 (1988), S. 1361-1376 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyanoacetamides are a novel class of curing agents for epoxy resins. Since reaction products of epoxy compounds with cyanoacetamides have not yet been described, we investigated the reaction of phenyl-glycidylether (PGE) and N-isobutylcyanoacetamide (NICA) under the conditions of the epoxy cure (120-150°C). Twenty-two fractions of the reaction product have been separated by preparative TLC and characterized by FD and MS mass spectroscopy. The structures of 10 reaction product have been elucidated by MS, NMR, and IR techniques. They belong to the classes of cyclic urethanes, spiro-dilactones, cyclo-oxa-1-hepten-4-one-2, pyrimidones, aminocrotononitrile, and tertiary amine. This complex model reaction mixture does not enable us to propose a curing mechanism. However practical cure of Bisphenol A diglycidylether (BADGE) yields clear and tough solids with a glass transition temperature up to 200°C, good mechanical strength, and high adhesion to metal surface. Cyanoacetamides are latent hardeners requiring a curing initiator. Since N-4-chlorophenyl-N′-dimethylurea is a latent initiator, liquid, homogeneous, storage stable “one shot” systems can be formulated which harden quickly above 120°C. Heat aging properties of cured specimens are reported. A series of novel liquid, resinous, and crystalline cyanoacetamides and their potential as curing agent are described.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1988.080260510
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Separation of 3- to 6-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by capillary gas chromatography with a liquid crystal as stationary phase (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 7 (1984), S. 637-638 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography, GC ; Glass capillary columns ; Liquid crystal ; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) ; N,N′-Bis(p-butoxybenzylidene)-α,α′-bi-p-toluidine (BBBT) ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240071109
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of glass capillary columns with diphenyl phenylmethyl silicone (OV-25) (1986)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 9 (1986), S. 761-762 
    Details
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography, GC ; Glass capillary columns ; Surface deactivation ; Diphenyl phenylmethyl silicone ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jhrc.1240091211
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Korrosionsbeständigkeit der nichtrostenden Stähle an der Atmosphäre. Erfahrungen in DeutschlandVorgetragen auf der 21. Veranstaltung der europäischen Föderation Korrosion: „Atmosphärische Korrosion der Metalle“ am 8. 11. 1963 in Frankfurt/M. (1964)
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 15 (1964), S. 804-808 
    Details
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The corrosion resistance of stainless steels exposed to the atmosphere. Experience in GermanyIn a joint investigation, the behaviour of stainless steel exposed to atmospheric corrosion has been examined. Specimens with four different surface treatments of steels 1.4016 (17 pC chromium), 1.4301 (18pC Cr, 9pC Ni), and 1.4401 (l8pC Cr, 10 pC Ni, 2 pC Mo) have been exposed on test stands at Munich, Frankfurt, Düsseldorf, Essen and Cuxhaven. After one year of exposure, and applying different degrees of cleansing, the results can be summed up as follows:The corrosion resistance of 17 pC Cr steel is not adequate for atmospheric corrosion.The corrosion resistance of 18/10/2 Cr-Ni-Mo steel was satisfactory everywhere.18/8 Cr—Ni steel has an adequate corrosion resistance in rural and normal urban atmospheres (Munich, Frankfurt); in an industrial atmosphere (Essen), regular cleaning is essential. A smoother surface (matt polished or electro-polished) has a beneficial effect, especially in polluted industrial atmosphere.
    Notes: In einer Gemeinschaftsuntersuchung wird das Verhalten nichtrostender Stäble an der Atmosphäre geprüft. Proben mit 4 verschiedenen Oberflächenausführungen der Stähle 1.4016 (17% Cr), 1.4301 (18% Cr, 9% Ni) und 1.4401 (18% Cr, 10% Ni, 2% Mo) wurden auf Versuchsständen in München, Frankfurt, Düsseldorf, Essen und Cuxhaven ausgelegt. Als Ergebnis nach einem Jahr Auslagerung bei unterschiedlichem Reinigungsaufwand wird festgestellt:17%iger Cr-Stab1 ist für Außenatmosphären nicht ausreichend korrosionsbeständig;.18/10/2-Cr—Ni—Mo-Stahl war an allen Plätzen vollkommen beständig.In ländlicher und in normaler Stadtatmosphäre (München, Frankfurt) ist 18/8 Cr—Ni-Stahl ausreichend beständig, dagegen ist bei diesem Stahl in Industrieatmosphäre (Essen) eine regelmäßige Reinigung erforderlich. Besonders in verschmutzter Industrieatmosphäre macht sich eine glattere Oberfläche (mattpoliert oder elektropoliert) günstig bemerkbar.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/maco.19640151003
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Contribution à l'étude de la sorption du dioxanne-1,4 par un film amorphe de poly-téréphtalate d'éthylène glycol et des modifications physiques du polymère engendrées par cette sorption. II. Aspect énergétique de la sorption du dioxanne-1,4 dans la polymère amorphe et de son échange par l'éthanol (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 67 (1978), S. 45-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Gravimetric and microcalorimetric results connected with regard to 1,4-dioxane vapour sorption at 20°C into polyethylene terephthalate enable to specify the mechanism of solvent action in terms of relative pressure. Near vapour saturation we can discern: non-reversing fixation of dioxane on special sites, partition in the amorphous region, adsorption at the surface of crystallites gradually formed by solvent action and organized into a swollen texture.According to the conditions of pretreatment with dioxane, of rinsing and drying, a further ethanol sorption displays: a non-reversing exchange mole to mole of fixed dioxane, an adsorption at the surface of crystallites, a diffusion into the free volume of the swollen texture.
    Notes: Les résultats de gravimétrie et microcalorimétrie couplées concernant la sorption en phase vapeur à 20°C du dioxanne-1,4 par le polytéréphtalate d'éthylène glycol permettent de préciser le mécanisme d'action du solvant en fonction de la pression partielle. Au voisinage de la pression saturante il est possible de distinguer: la fixation irréversible sur certains sites, la disolution dans les zones amorphes, l'adsorption à la surface des cristallites progressivement formées sous l'action du solvant et organisées selon une texture gonflée. Selon les conditions de prétraitement par le dioxanne, de lavage et de séchage, une sorption ultérieure d'éhanol met an évidence: un échange irréversible mole à mole du dioxane fixé, une adsorption à la surface des cristallites, une diffusion dans les volumes libres de la texture gonflée.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1978.050670104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Messung mechanischer eigenschaften von kunststoffen mit einem heizbaren pendelgerät (1978)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 67 (1978), S. 99-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The well-known pendulum apparatus for the testing of paints (DIN 53157) has been provided with a heating unit and used for testing polymer materials.The obtained value (PW) turns out to be easily determinable and appropriate for the characterization of viscoelastic properties of polymers as a function of temperature. The results are discussed in connection with those obtained with the torsional pendulum.This paper is intended to stimulate further measurements, discussions and above all to bring up new interpretation possibilities of the results.
    Notes: Das nach DIN 53157 bekannte und der Lackprüfung dienende Pendelgerät wurde für diese Messungen mit einer Heizung versehen und für Untersuchungen an Kunststoffen eingesetzt. Die erhaltene Meßgröße, der Pendelwert, erweist sich als eine geeignete und leicht bestimmbare Größe zur Charakterisierung verschiedener Kunststofftypen und erlaubt eine Beschreibung und Erklärung ihres visko-elastischen Verhaltens in Abhängigkeit von der Temperatur. Die Ergebnisse werden auch im Vergleich mit den Ergebnissen aus freien Torsionsschwingungen diskutiert. Weitere Messungen, Diskussionen und vor allem eine Erweiterung der Interpretation der Ergebnisse sollen durch diese Arbeit angeregt werden.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1978.050670108
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of free volume and crystallinity in polybithiophene and poly(3-methylthiophene) (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 31 (1993), S. 1529-1543 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: polybithiophene ; poly(3-methylthiophene) ; x-ray diffraction ; positron annihilation ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Compressed pellets of partly crystalline, chemically synthesized, doped (Cl- and FeCl-4) polybithiophene (PBTd), poly(3-methylthiophene) (P3MTd), and their neutral (dedoped) forms (PBTn and P3MTn) were studied by wide-angle x-ray diffraction and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy. As synthesized, PBTd and P3MTd polymers have a helical syn conformation they crystallize in the hexagonal system. On dedoping, PBT macromolecules change their helical syn conformation in a rodlike anti conformation and crystallize in the orthorhombic or monoclinic system, whereas P3MT macromolecules retain their helical syn conformation. Chemical doping-dedoping cycles lead to amorphous PBT and P3MT in either doped or dedoped states. The P3MT helical macromolecule behaves like a spiral spring; by doping, it becomes axially compressed. The unit-cell volume of P3MTd is smaller than that of P3MTn. The positron lifetime spectra for all polymers were resolved, without constraint, into three components. The τ1 lifetime is attributed to free-positron annihilation events, the τ2 lifetime to positrons annihilating trapped in voids, and the τ3 lifetime to positrons annihilating as o-Ps trapped in cavities located inside the polymer grains for P3MTn and at the surface of the grains for PBTd, PBTn, and P3MTd. Most positrons annihilate when trapped in voids, both in doped and dedoped PBT and P3MT. The doping apparently increases the concentration of the voids and their mean diameter in P3MT, and probably also in PBT. Cavities anchored in the bulk are produced by dedoping. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1993.090311110
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of 18O-labelled standards of hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids and thromboxanes for quantitative measurement by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (1986)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 13 (1986), S. 483-488 
    Details
    ISSN: 1052-9306
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A study on the extent of 18O incorporation into various hydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acids, thromboxane B2 and 2,3-dinor-thromboxane B2 by base-catalysed hydrolysis of their methyl ester derivatives is presented. The amount as well as the position of the inbuilt 18O atoms were determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, utilizing electron impact and positive and negative ion chemical ionization.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200130906
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