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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Baboon ; Cleavage stages ; Embryos ; Preimplantation ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé La structure et l'ultrastructure des embryons de babouin sont étudiées dans la période précédant l'implantation. Six stades du développement embryonnaire sont observés 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 et 8 jours après la date présumée de fécondation. Dans les 3 premiers cas, on compte respectivement 2, 8 et 24 blastoméres. A 5 jours, il y a 30 à 40 cellules et un nombre dépassant 60, ultérieurement. Des cellules trophoblastiques primitives se différencient à 7 jours et une cavité de segmentation en forme de croissant apparaît au 8 ème jour. La zone pellucide est toujours présente à 8 jours, la période de préimplantation semblant plus longue chez le babouin que chez l'homme. Des particules de type C sont décrites dans la zone pellucide et les espaces périvitellin et interblastomériques. La transformation des mitochondries, des changements dans la répartition des ribosomes, des corps multivésiculaires, pseudocristallins et figures myéliniques, des nucléoles et amas granuleux intra-nucléaires s'observent chez le babouin comme chez certains autres Mammifères; par contre, les faisceaux fibrillaires cytoplasmiques sont absents. L'étude des changements de l'ultrastructure provoqués par des hormones et drogues permettrait de mieux évaluer la nocivité de ces substances pendant les premiers stades du développement embryonnaire des Primates.
    Notes: Summary The baboon preimplantation stages were examined using light and electron microscopy. Six cases were studied at 2, 3, 4, 5, 7 and 8 days estimated fertilization age. The first 3 specimens were composed of 2, 8 and 24 blastomeres respectively. At 5 days, 30 to 40 cells were counted and more than 60 cells in later stages. Primitive “trophoblast cells” differentiate at 7 days and a crescentic blastocoele appears at 8 days. Shedding of the zona pellucida is not observed in the 7 and 8 day specimens. The preimplantation period is longer in the baboon than in man. C-type viruses are observed in the zona pellucida, in the perivitelline and interblastomeric spaces. Microvilli and caveolae cover the periphery of the baboon conceptus. As in many other mammals, transformation of the mitochondria, changes in the ribosomes distribution, multivesicular bodies, myelin figures, nucleoli and intranuclear clusters of granules are described in the baboon. Cytoplasmic fibrous strands are not present as in the mouse. Experiments on the influence of hormones and drugs on ultrastructural changes would help to evaluate the importance of biohazards during the early development of primates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 152 (1974), S. 493-512 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; 6-Hydroxydopamine ; Fluorescence ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The extent of degeneration and regeneration of catecholamine-containing nerve fibres in the external layer of the median eminence of the rat has been assessed following treatment with 6-OHDA. Ultrastructural and fluorescence histochemical evidence suggests that nerve terminal degeneration occurs in the external layer of the caudal regions of the median eminence, including the anatomical stem, following intravenous injection of 6-OHDA in a dose of 100 mg/kg. No degeneration in the external layer of the median eminence was observed when the drug was given as sequential intracisternal injections to adult rats or neonatal rats by subcutaneous injections. The fluorescence histochemical studies suggest that regeneration of catecholamine-containing neurons is substantially complete within three weeks of treatment with intravenous 6-OHDA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 156 (1975), S. 403-409 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Neurosecretory cells ; Eyestalk ; Carcinus ; Ultrastructure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The six types of neurosecretory cell in the optic lobe of Carcinus maenas described by light microscopy are recognised by electron microscopy. They are categorised according to size, distribution of organelles and type of neurosecretory product. The neuro secretory material, produced as granules by the Golgi bodies, migrates to the cell periphery eventually reaching the sinus gland via the neurosecretory cell axon extension. No change in size occurs in the granules but the density does alter. Each cell type has its own characteristic type of neurosecretory granule based on size and electron density. Multivesicular and lytic bodies in cell types 1, 2, 3,4 and 6 suggest a cycle for degrading neurosecretory material. Such a cycle is not so evident in cell type 5. Peripheral release of neurosecretory material is suggested for cell type 6 although the fate of the material is unknown.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 119 (1971), S. 208-226 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Median eminence ; Hypophysial portal vessels ; Pars distalis ; Ultrastructure ; Development
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Nerve fibres containing granular vesicles first appear in the median eminence of the rat on the 16th foetal day while secretory granules in the cells of the adenohypophysis are not present till the 17th foetal day. These observations suggest that the differentiation and early activity of pars distalis cells may depend on substances elaborated at nerve terminals in the median eminence. Although the loops of the primary plexus of portal vessels do not develop until the 4th postnatal day, substances released by nerve fibres in the neurohypophysis could reach the pars distalis through vessels already present at the 15th foetal day in the mesenchyme between the diencephalon and the adenohypophysis. This view is supported by the fact that the earliest cells to exhibit ultrastructural evidence of secretory activity are in the rostral pole of the pars distalis, the first region of the gland to become vascularized. The earliest granules to appear in the cells of the pars distalis correspond to those which are considered to contain mucoprotein hormones; somatotrophin type granules were seen only in postnatal tissues. The finding that, in the median eminence, the development of granular vesicles precedes that of agranular vesicles is discussed with reference to the times at which neurosecretory materials and monoamines become detectable in the region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The use of a laser-desorption mass spectrometer to examine a coal liquefaction extract known to contain high-molecular-mass material (from size-exclusion chromatography) has shown the presence of components of molecular mass in excess of 104Da for the first time. The molecules detected differ from each other in molecular mass by a few hundred or a few thousand Da. These preliminary results indicate that the basic coal-structure molecules probably consist of aromatic clusters on a chin, in reasonable agreement with current theories of coal structure.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Molecular masses up to 270 000 u have been observed during matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectroscopy on a sample of bituminous coal; the major fraction of desorbed ions appeared between m/z values of 800 and 5000. Similar mass distributions have been found in a coal-liquefaction extract and a pyrolysis tar. The highest molecular masses identified in this work far exceed previously reported high molecular masses found in coal-derived products (12 000 u), which were also detected by laser-desorption mass spectrometry.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry 7 (1993), S. 360-362 
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The production of carbon clusters (but not fullerenes) from coal-derived material by the use of laser desorption mass spectrometry is described. Benzo(e)pyrene, a standard polynuclear hydrocarbon found in coal tars, also gave carbon clusters despite using low laser power to avoid pyrolysis of target molecules. Positive- and negative-ion spectra of the standard included carbon clusters. These clusters are formed by the laser energy and can be confused with aromatic hydrocarbons of the same nominal masses. They have no relevance for studies of coal structure.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 8 (1979), S. 326-330 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The Raman spectra of NbCl5 dissolved in AlCl3-NaCl and AlCl3-KCl melten and molten Al2Cl6 have been examined as a function of melt composition, temperature, and NbCl5 concentration. The results are compared with previously published data. The binary AlCl3-NbCl5 system at ∼200°C contains noninteracting NbCl5, Nb2Cl10 and Al2Cl6 molecules. The complexes formed when NbCl5 is dissolved in AlCl3-MCl (M=Na and K) melts depend on acidity and temperature: NbCl6- is present only in very basic melts; NbCl5 is stable in basic and acidic melts; Nb2Cl10 is found only in acidic melts. High temperature favors formation of NbCl5 while low temperature stabilizes Nb2Cl10.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 9 (1980), S. 188-192 
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Raman spectra were obtained for nine molten mixtures of SbCl3 and AlCl3, as well as for the pure components. Also three molten mixtures of AlCl3/NaCl/SbCl3 were studied. Molten AlCl3 contains molecular Al2Cl6(D2h) while molten SbCl3 contains pyramidal (C3v) molecules aligned head to tail. The Raman spectra showed the presence of Al2Cl6 molecules in molten SbCl3/AlCl3 mixtures containing 40 mol% or more AlCl3 but gave no evidence for the formation of SbCl2+ and AlCl4-. However, SbCl3 is structurally modified by the addition of AlCl3 as seen from the shift of the highest Sb—Cl stretching frequency. There is also spectral evidence that points to the formation of polymers that are different from those in pure SbCl3, and it cannot be ruled out that there may be a chloride-deficient antimony species in the AlCl3-rich mixtures. The molecular nature of the observed modifications in these mixtures cannot be deduced solely on the basis of the recorded spectra.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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