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  • Key wordsNeisseria meningitidis  (3)
  • Angiome  (1)
  • Anterior cruciate ligament  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Papulöse Muzinose ; Lichen myxoedematosus ; Mucopolysaccharide ; Angiome ; Plasmapherese ; Key words Papular Mucinosis ; Lichen myxoedematosus ; Mucopolysaccharides ; Angioma ; Plasmapheresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A 23 year old female patient presented with a 14 year history of cutaneous mucinosis. Her hands showed indurated edema with acrocyanosis and severe reduction in motility, while her face was red, edematous and revealed numerous small angiomas. In the sacral region, she had a large elevated skin colored plaque. On the basis of clinical findings, histology and further laboratory tests the disease was classified as papular mucinosis (lichen myxoedematosus). In view of the severe suffering of the young patient and an unsuccessful previous therapy with chloroquine, we decided to employ plasmapheresis as a single therapy. After the first treatment course there was an improvement in her skin condition. After a total of four plasmapheresis courses over a period of 18 months (total exchange volume of 38,4 l) there was an objective flattening of the plaques and reduction of the finger swelling. This case demonstrates that monotherapy of plasmapheresis is an effective mode of treatment for cutaneous mucinosis, a disease which is extremely difficult to treat.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine 23jährige Patientin stellte sich mit einer seit dem 9. Lebensjahr bekannten kutanen Muzinose vor. Die Hände zeigten teigige Schwellungen und Akrozyanose und starke Bewegungseinschränkung, das Gesicht wies zahlreiche Angiome und Ödeme auf, in der Sakralregion war ein dicker hautfarbener Plaque vorhanden. Nach Hautbefund, Histologie und weiteren klinischen Befunden wurde die Erkrankung als papulöse Muzinose (Lichen myxoedematosus) eingeordnet. Wegen des starken Leidensdruckes der noch jungen Patientin und eines bereits erfolglos durchgeführten Therapieversuches mit Chloroquin entschieden wir uns für den therapeutischen Einsatz der Plasmapherese ohne Begleittherapie. Bereits nach dem ersten Behandlungszyklus zeigte sich ein gebesserter Haut- und Allgemeinzustand. Nach insgesamt 4 Zyklen über einen Zeitraum von 18 Monaten (Gesamtaustausch ca. 38,4 l) war ein objektiver Rückgang der Plaques und insbesondere der Fingerschwellungen erkennbar. Die Plasmapherese ist eine effektive Behandlung für schwere Formen der kutanen Muzinose, die ansonsten therapeutisch schwer zugänglich ist.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Keywords: Key wordsNeisseria meningitidis ; Infant rat ; Sialic acid ; Capsule ; Lipooligosaccharide sialylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the contribution of the polysialic acid capsule and of terminal lipooligosaccharide (LOS) sialylation to the pathogenicity of Neisseria meningitidis in vivo using a set of defined isogenic mutants of the N. meningitidis strain B 1940 deficient in either capsule synthesis or LOS sialylation. Furthermore a spontaneous capsule-deficient variant was investigated, which was capable of switching on the capsule synthesis at a frequency of 3×10–3 in vitro. Infection of infant rats with the wild-type strain revealed a high potential to cause bacteremia. This potential was attenuated in the capsule-phase variable mutant (LOS sialylation+). However, using a mutant irreversibly deficient in capsule synthesis, but expressing a sialylated LOS, bacteremia could only be achieved using 106 times higher numbers of bacteria when compared to the wild-type. The unencapsulated bacteria were located extracellularly upon examination of blood smears, suggesting that defense mechanisms, i. e. phagocytosis, directed against unencapsulated meningococci were exhausted using very high infecting doses. Interestingly, when infant rats were infected with encapsulated meningococci which were unable to sialylate the LOS, bacteremia could never be achieved, even with an infective dose as high as 108 colony forming units (CFU). Despite the presence of capsular polysaccharide this mutant was phagocytosed by peritoneal phagocytes, as was the unencapsulated, LOS-sialylated mutant, suggesting that the inability to cause bacteremia was due to a higher susceptibility to the action of the complement system, which is virtually unsaturable. We conclude that in the infant rat model of meningococcal infection both forms of sialic acid on the bacterial cell surface are indispensable for systemic survival.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Molecular genetics and genomics 259 (1998), S. 363-371 
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsNeisseria meningitidis ; Shuttle mutagenesis ; Signature-tagged mutagenesis ; Transformation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Shuttle mutagenesis using signature-tagged transposons was employed to generate a library of individually tagged mutants of the Neisseria meningitidis strain B1940, which belongs to serogroup B. The use of tagged transposons allowed us to monitor for enrichment for single mutants during the process of shuttle mutagenesis, by amplification of the tags and subsequent sequence determination. Enrichment of a single clone occurred during the transformation of the meningococci with transposon-containing plasmid DNA. Sequence determination around the site of transposon insertion revealed that the transposon had mutagenized a previously unknown locus, which was designated hrtA (high rate of transformation). hrtA-mediated transformation was independent of TnMax5 and tag sequences, and it most probably involved recombination events. The hrtA locus is restricted to meningococci and gonococci and is present in few apathogenic neisserial species. Chromosomal mapping of hrtA and six further hrt sites revealed a random distribution of highly transforming DNA fragments on the meningococcal chromosome. In conclusion, our data demonstrate that shuttle mutagenesis of naturally competent bacteria using signature-tagged transposons allows the isolation of chromosomal DNA fragments, which exhibit a high transformation efficiency, and which, therefore, are likely to be involved in horizontal gene transfer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1617-4623
    Keywords: Key wordsNeisseria meningitidis ; Capsule synthesis ; Polysialyltransferase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The serogroups B, C, W135 and Y of Neisseria meningitidis express chemically and immunologically distinct capsular polysaccharides containing sialic acid. In the case of serogroup B meningococci sialic acid is synthesized by the gene products of a locus termed sia and forms the homopolymers of the capsule. The organization of the genes required for sialic acid synthesis in serogroups B, C, W135 and Y was elucidated by PCR technology. Cloning, sequencing and the functional expression of the polysialyltransferase (PST) genes of serogroups B and C demonstrated that the difference in capsule composition derives from the presence of related, but distinct siaD genes coding for PSTs. Analysis of meningococci of serogroups W135 and Y expressing sialic acid heteropolymers revealed that the DNA sequences of the corresponding genetic loci in these serogroups were highly homologous, but differed completely from the siaD genes of serogroups B and C. This finding suggests that enzymes unrelated to those of serogroups B and C are required for the formation of sialic acid heteropolymers characteristic of the capsules of serogroups W135 and Y.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Arthroskopie 13 (2000), S. 69-71 
    ISSN: 1434-3924
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Kniegelenkdistorsion ; Blockierungserscheinungen ; Vorderes Kreuzband ; Synoviaimpingement ; Arthroskopie ; Key words Acute knee trauma ; Loss of extension ; Anterior cruciate ligament ; Synovial impingement ; Arthroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary We report on two cases of acute knee trauma with rupture of the synovial tissue of the anterior cruciate ligament. The femoral part of the synovia had retracted and was locked between the femoral attachment of the anterior cruciate ligament and the femur condyle. Both patients showed clinical signs of an acute lesion of the medial meniscus with loss of extension and tenderness on palpation over the medial joint cavity. After complete arthroscopic resection of the interfered soft tissue, both patients had full range of motion and no signs of any knee discomfort.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir berichten über 2 Fälle eines traumatischen Einrisses des Synoviaüberzugs über dem vorderen Kreuzband nach Kniegelenkverdrehtrauma. Der femorale Anteil der Synovia retrahierte sich und klemmte zwischen dem femoralen Ansatz des vorderen Kreuzbands und der Femurkondyle im Sinne eines Impingements mit schmerzbedingter Streckhemmung ein. Klinisch imponierte der Befund wie eine akute Meniskuseinklemmung. Arthroskopisch wurden eine Meniskusläsion ausgeschlossen und die eingeschlagenen Weichteile entfernt. Bei sofort postoperativ wiedererlangter schmerzfreier Beweglichkeit blieben die Patienten beschwerdefrei.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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