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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei in the rat: a combined retrograde tracing and choline acetyl transferase immunohistochemical study (1995)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 192 (1995), S. 335-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Anterior thalamus ; Laterodorsal tegmental nucleus ; Pedunculopontine nucleus ; Cholinergic neurons Double-labelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Retrograde transport of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was combined with choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) immunohistochemistry to study cholinergic projections to the anterior thalamic nuclei in the rat. Small iontophoretic injections of HRP placed into different subdivisions of the anterior thalamic nuclear complex resulted in distinct patterns of retrograde labelling in two major cholinergic cell groups of the mesopontine tegmentum, the laterodorsal tegmental nucleus (LDTg), in which a majority of the labelled cells was located, and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPT). After injections into the posterior subdivision of the anteroventral thalamic nucleus (AVp), double-labelled neurons were present predominantly in the ipsilateral LDTg while a smaller number was found in the PPT. In the ipsilateral LDTg, 60–70% of ChAT-positive neurons were HRP-labelled, and 90–95% of the HRP-labelled neurons were ChAT-positive. In the contralateral LDTg, 30–40% of ChAT-positive neurons were HRP-labelled. After injections in the medial subdivision of the anteroventral thalamic nucleus (AVm), the pattern of labelling in LDTg was similar to that detected after injections in the AVp. The number of double-labelled neurons in the LDTg and PPT was much lower after injections into AVm than after injections into AVp. When injections were confined to the anterodorsal thalamic nucleus (AD), no HRP-labelled cells were present in the LDTg or PPT. These results show that the LDTg and PPT are the sources of the cholinergic input to the rat anterior thalamus. The major projection from LDTg and PPT is to the AVp, whereas there is a lighter cholinergic projection to the AVm. The AD does not receive a projection from cholinergic cells in the mesopontine tegmentum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00710103
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for collateral projections to the retrosplenial granular cortex and thalamic reticular nucleus from glutamate and/or aspartate-containing neurons of the anterior thalamic nuclei in the rat (1997)
    Springer
    Experimental brain research 116 (1997), S. 63-72 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1106
    Keywords: Key words Amino acid immunocytochemistry ; Axon collateralization ; Thalamus ; Fluorescent tracers ; Limbic system ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Small, stereotaxically guided injections of true blue (TB) were made into the retrosplenial granular cortex (RSg) and of diamidino yellow (DY) into the dorsal portion of the rostral pole of the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN) in 16 adult rats to determine whether axons projecting from the anterior thalamic nuclear complex (ATN) to the TRN are branches of axons also projecting to the RSg. Following injections of the fluorescent dyes, serial coronal sections of the brain revealed single retrogradely labelled, and large numbers of double retrogradely labelled neuronal cell bodies in the ipsilateral anteroventral and anterodorsal nuclei and smaller numbers in the anteromedial nucleus of the ATN complex. In a se- cond series of six adult rats with similar double injections of TB and DY, two sections in three were immunoreacted, one with antiserum against glutamate and one with antiserum against aspartate, using indirect immunofluorescence with rhodamine to detect reactive cells. The great majority of both single and double retrogradely labelled cell bodies were also immunoreactive for aspartate or glutamate. In addition, a moderate to small number of non-immunolabelled neurons projecting to the TRN and/or to the RSg were also found in all three nuclei of the ATN complex. These results are compatible with the possibility that large numbers of neurons in the ATN send axonal branches to both the RSg and the TRN, and that many such neurons use glutamate and/or aspartate as transmitters. The findings also suggest that the projections from the ATN might be heterogeneous with respect to transmitter phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00005745
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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