Library

feed icon rss

Your email was sent successfully. Check your inbox.

An error occurred while sending the email. Please try again.

Proceed reservation?

Export
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 342 (1990), S. 284-289 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Muscarinic receptors ; M4 receptors ; Guinea-pig uterus ; Pirenzepine ; Methoctramine ; Sila-hexocyclium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The present study was designed to further characterize the muscarinic receptors mediating contraction of the guinea-pig uterus. The affinities of various selective muscarinic antagonists were determined and compared with those obtained at M1 (rabbit vas deferens), M2 (guinea-pig atria) and M3 receptors (guinea-pig ileum). The contractile responses of uterine smooth muscle from immature guinea-pigs to carbachol (pD2 = 5.73) were competitively antagonized by pirenzepine (pA2 = 7.04), AF-DX 116 (11-[[2-[(diethylamino)methyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl]- 5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido[2,3-b][1,4]benzo. diazepin-6-one) (pA2 = 6.96), himbacine (pA2 = 7.92), methoctramine (pA2 = 7.52), 4-DAMP (4-diphenylacetoxy-N-methylpiperidine methiodide) (pA2 = 8.87) and sila-hexocyclium (pA2 = 8.81). A comparison of affinity values indicates that the muscarinic receptors present in guinea-pig uterus display a novel pharmacological profile which is not consistent with the presence of either an M1, M2 or M3 receptor. The affinities determined for the different antagonists rather showed a close similarity to those obtained at muscarinic receptors present in rat striatum and NG108-15 cells which are considered pharmacological equivalents (M4 receptors) of the m4 gene product. We thus hypothesize that the guinea-pig isolated uterus preparation may serve as a simple functional assay system to study the pharmacology of M4 receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 356 (1997), S. 671-677 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Rat anococcygeus muscle ; Muscarinic ; receptor subtypes ; Muscarinic agonists ; Muscarinic ; antagonists ; M3 receptors ; Stereoselectivity ; Hexahydro-difenidol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The present study was designed to characterize the postjunctional muscarinic receptors mediating contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle by means of a series of muscarinic agonists and subtype-preferring key muscarinic antagonists. Cumulative addition of muscarinic agonists elicited concentration-dependent contractions with the following rank order of potency (pD2 values): (+)-muscarine (6.36) ≥ oxotremorine M (6.21) ≥ arecaidine propargyl ester (APE) (6.18) 〉 carbachol (5.68)=(±)-methacholine (5.65) 〉 4-(4-chlorophenyl-carbamoyloxy)-2-butynyltrimethylammonium chloride (4-Cl-McN-A-343) (4.28) 〉 4-(3-chlorophenylcarbamoyloxy)-2-butynyltrimethylammonium chloride (McN-A-343) (3.89). (+)-Muscarine, oxotremorine M, carbachol and (±)-methacholine behaved as full agonists, whereas APE, 4-Cl-McN-A-343 and McN-A-343 displayed partial agonism. The contractile responses of the rat anococcygeus muscle to (±)-methacholine were competitively antagonized by pirenzepine (pA2=6.92), 11-[[4-[4-(diethylamino)butyl]-1-piperidinyl]acetyl] 5,11-dihydro-6H-pyrido(2,3-b)(1,4)-benzodiazepine-6-one (AQ-RA 741; pA2=6.75), himbacine (pA2=7.11), (±)-p-fluoro-hexahydro-sila-difenidol (p-F-HHSiD; pA2=7.68) and the (R)- and (S)-enantiomers of hexahydro-difenidol [(R)-HHD: pA2=8.52; (S)-HHD: pA2=6.06]. A comparison of the pA2 values derived from studies of contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle with literature binding (pKi values) and functional affinities (pA2 values) obtained at native M1-M4 receptors strongly suggests that the postjunctional muscarinic receptors mediating contraction in rat anococcygeus muscle are of the M3 subtype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
  • 3
    ISSN: 0170-2041
    Keywords: Difenidol, (R)- and (S)-hexahydro- ; Antimuscarinic properties ; Muscarinic receptor subtypes ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Preparation and Properties of the Enantiomers of the Selective Antimuscarinic Agent 1-Cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-4-piperidino-1-butanol (Hexahydro-Difenidol)Using (S)- or (R)-mandelic acid as the resolving agent, the enantiomers of 1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-4-piperidino-2-butin-1-ol [(R)-2 and (S)-2] were prepared (enantiomeric purity: ee = 99.7%; calorimetric analysis). Catalytic hydrogenation (Pd/C contact) of (R)-2 and (S)-2 yielded the enantiomers of 1-cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-4-piperidino-1-butanol [(R)- and (S)-hexahydro-difenidol, (R)-1a and (S)-1a] which were isolated as hydrochlorides [(R)-1a ⋅ HCl and (S)-1a ⋅ HCl, ee = 99.7%]. The absolute configuration of the enantiomers of 1a and 2 was determined by an X-ray crystal structure analysis of the mandelate (S)-1a ⋅ (R)-C6H5CH(OH)COOH. (R)-Hexahydro-difenidol [(R)-1a] and (R)-2 exhibit a higher affinity for the atrial M2α and ileal M2β muscarinic receptors of the guinea pig than the respective antipodes (S)-1a and (S)-2 (atrial stereoselectivity index: 17 and 8.6, respectively; ileal stereoselectivity index: 193 and 44, respectively). In addition, (R)-1a and (R)-2 exhibit a significantly higher affinity for the M2β receptors of the ileum than for the M2α receptors of the atrium (atrium/ileum ratio: 21 and 10, respectively). Thus, (R)-1a and (R)-2 are valuable tools for the identification and characterization of muscarinic M2 subtypes. In contrast, the less potent (S)-enantiomers of 1a and 2 do not differentiate between M2α and M2β receptors.
    Notes: Durch Racematspaltung mit (S)- bzw. (R)-Mandelsäure wurden die Enantiomere von 1-Cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-4-piperidino-2-butin-1-ol [(R)-2 und (S)-2] dargestellt (Enantiomerenreinheit: ee = 99.7%, kalorimetrische Analyse). Katalytische Hydrierung (Pd/C-Kontakt) von (R)-2 und (S)-2 ergab die Enantiomere von 1-Cyclohexyl-1-phenyl-4-piperidino-1-butanol [(R)- und (S)-Hexahydro-Difenidol, (R)-1a und (S)-1a], die als Hydrochloride (R)-1a ⋅ HCl und (S)-1a ⋅ HCl isoliert wurden (ee = 99.7%). Die absolute Konfiguration der Enantiomere von 1a und 2 wurde durch Röntgenkristallstrukturanalyse des Mandelats (S)-1a ⋅ (R)-C6H5CH(OH)COOH bestimmt. (R)-Hexahydro-Difenidol [(R)-1a] und (R)-2 besitzen eine höhere Affinität zu den atrialen M2α-und ilealen M2β-Muscarinrezeptoren des Meerschweinchens als die entsprechenden Antipoden (S)-1a und (S)-2 (atrialer Stereoselektivitätsindex: 17 bzw. 8.6; ilealer Stereoselektivitätsindex: 193 bzw. 44). Darüber hinaus besitzen (R)-1a und (R)-2 eine signifikant höhere Affinität zu den M2β-Rezeptoren des Ileums als zu den M2α-Rezeptoren des Atriums und sind somit wertvolle Modellverbindungen zur Identifizierung und Charakterisierung von muscarinischen M2-Subtypen (Atrium/Ileum-Quotient: 21 bzw. 10). Im Gegensatz hierzu vermögen die schwächer wirksamen (S)-Enantiomere von 1a und 2 nicht zwischen den M2α- und M2β-Rezeptoren zu unterscheiden.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
Close ⊗
This website uses cookies and the analysis tool Matomo. More information can be found here...