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  • Arachis hypogaea  (2)
  • fertilizers  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alleviating soil fertility constraints to increased crop production in West Africa: The experience in the Sahel (1991)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 29 (1991), S. 95-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Semi-arid West Africa ; Sahel ; soil fertility ; fertilizers ; on-farm evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Lack of moisture limits crop production in semi-arid west Africa but poor soil fertility is a more serious constraint in the long run. Work done by IFDC and ICRISAT showed that phosphorus is the most limiting nutrient although response by millet to nitrogen when moisture and P are non-limiting can be substantial. A summary of the results of field trials in Niger showed that the sufficiency level for P estimated by regression analysis on the basis of Bray 1 extractable P is 7.9µg P/g of soil for 90% of maximum yield of millet. Application of 15–20 kg P/ha was usually adequate for optimum yields. Matam phosphate rock (PR) from Senegal, Tilemsi PR from Mali and Tahoua PR from Niger which are medium reactive were found to be suitable for direct application while partial acidulation (50% with sulfuric acid) of the less reactive phosphate rocks resulted in products with similar agronomic effectiveness as commercial superphosphates. Tests conducted by farmers showed that millet yields can be increased by more than 250% by the use of fertilizers. The need for constant monitoring of the crop needs for sulfur and potassium under continuous cultivation was highlighted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01048992
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and molybdenum application on growth and symbiotic N2-fixation of groundnut in an acid sandy soil in Niger (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 31 (1992), S. 69-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Molybdenum availability ; symbiotic N2-fixation ; Arachis hypogaea ; acetylene reduction assay
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Two field experiments were conducted in 1988 and 1989 on an acid sandy soil in Niger, West Africa, to assess the effect of phosphorus (P), nitrogen (N) and micronutrient (MN) application on growth and symbiotic N2-fixation of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Phosphorus fertilizer (16 kg P ha−1) did not affect pod yields. Addition of MN fertilizer (100 kg ‘Fetrilon Combi 1’ ha−1; P + MN) containing 0.1% molybdenum (Mo) increased pod yield by 37–86%. Nitrogen concentration in shoots at mid pod filling (72 days after planting) were higher in P + MN than in P − MN fertilizer treatment. Total N uptake increased from 53 (only P) to 108 kg N ha−1 by additional MN application. Seed pelleting (P + MoSP) with 100 g Mo ha−1 (MoO3) increased nitrogenase activity (NA) by a factor of 2–4 compared to P treatment only. The increase in NA was mainly due to increase in nodule dry weight and to a lesser extent to increase in specific nitrogenase activity (SNA) per unit nodule dry weight. The higher NA of the P + MoSP treatment was associated with a higher total N uptake (55%) and pod yield (24%). Compared to P + MoSP or P + MN treatments application of N by mineral fertilizer (60 kg N ha−1) or farmyard manure (130 kg N ha−1) increased only yield of shoot dry matter but not pod dry matter. Plants supplied with N decreased soil water content more and were less drought tolerant than plants supplied with Mo. The data suggest that on the acid sandy soils in Niger N deficiency was a major constraint for groundnut production, and Mo availability in soils was insufficient to meet the Mo requirement for symbiotic N2-fixation of groundnut.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01064229
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Farmers' perceptions and attitudes towards introduced soil-fertility enhancing technologies in western Africa (1999)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 53 (1999), S. 177-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: adoption ; Burkina Faso ; farmers' attitudes ; farmers' rationales ; fertilizers ; focus groups ; Mali ; Niger ; policy ; soil fertility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Soil fertility enhancing technologies (SFETs) have been promoted in the West African Semi-Arid Tropics (WASAT) for many years with limited success. Using a qualitative approach of focus group discussions, long, open-ended interviews and observations from field visits, this paper explores with farmers their beliefs and rationales behind the adoption or non-adoption of SFETs. Farmers are knowledgeable about, and practise SFETs of rock phosphate application, crop residue and farm yard manure, chemical fertilizer and crop rotation to combat soil fertility decline. Their attitudes to and rationales behind adoption decisions are influenced by the availability and use policies of land and labour resources, food security concerns, perceived profitability, contribution to sustainability and access to information. Some of the factors are beyond farmers' control and require a broad and integrated effort from research, extension and government to promote the use of the SFETs in the region.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009745225465
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of liming and carbofuran on groundnut yield in sandy soils in Niger (1992)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 33 (1992), S. 203-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: Al ; Arachis hypogaea ; carbofuran ; lime ; nematodes ; pH ; yields
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract One of the constraints to groundnut production in sandy soils of Niger is crop growth variability. In early 1989, a trial on the effect of lime and carbofuran on soil pH, Al toxicity, nematode population and groundnut yield was initiated to study crop growth variability. Groundnut was sown in the 1989 rainy season, followed by pearl millet (Pennisatum glaucum) in the 1989–90 dry season and again groundnut in the 1990–91 rainy, and dry seasons. In 1989 the carbofuran treatment increased the pod yield. Lime application did not change the pH and exchangeable Al+++ contents in the soil and did not increase groundnut yield. In the 1990–91 rainy and dry season, however, the application of 10 t ha−1 of lime increased pH, decreased exchangeable Al+++, improved crop growth and increased the yield of groundnut to the same level as was achieved by the carbofuran treatment. Application of lime did not affect the nematode population, which were reduced by the carbofuran.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01050875
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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