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  • Atrium  (2)
  • Human  (2)
  • robustness  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced atrial angiotensin receptor type 1 mRNA content in end-stage human heart failure: assessment by a novel quantitative PCR-ELISA technique (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 447-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Angiotensin receptors ; mRNA ; Quantitative PCR ; Human ; Atrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The number of atrial angiotensin II binding sites is reduced in end-stage human heart failure. The goals of our study were the development of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction for angiotensin II receptor type 1 mRNA to determine the angiotensin receptor typel (AT1) mRNA content in the atria of patients with end-stage heart failure. We established a quantitative PCR based on coamplification of AT1 wild-type and an internal standard in the same PCR, followed by liquidphase hybridization of PCR products in microtiter plates and quantitation by ELISA. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA in the same samples was used to relate the AT1 mRNA content to a stably expressed reference gene. Atrial samples from 11 patients with endstage heart failure obtained at cardiac transplantation were compared with atrial samples from 11 patients with normal cardiac function undergoing routine cardiac surgery. A PCR/ELISA system with a variance of about 6% after reverse transcription and a linear measuring range was established. In the samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure a 58% decrease in AT1 mRNA content was found in comparison with 11 controls (heart failure: 185680±196912 AT1 mRNA copies/μg RNA, controls: 440555±268456, P〈0.02). When AT1 mRNA content was related to glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA, a 65% decrease was detected (AT1/glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase: heart failure: 4.84±5.18; controls: 13.74±7.77; P〈0.005). Standardization of PCR resulting in a low coefficient of varince, high reproducibility, and large sample capacity is possible using optimal internal standardization and the liquid-phase hybridization/ELISA system for detection. The optimized PCR procedure indicated downregulation of atrial AT1 in end-stage human heart failure, suggesting a reduced capacity of the atria to respond to angiotensin II stimulation in end-stage heart failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00217520
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduced atrial angiotensin receptor type 1 mRNA content in end-stage human heart failure: assessment by a novel quantitative PCR-ELISA technique (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 74 (1996), S. 447-454 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Key words Angiotensin receptors ; mRNA ; Quantitative PCR ; Human ; Atrium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The number of atrial angiotensin II binding sites is reduced in end-stage human heart failure. The goals of our study were the development of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction for angiotensin II receptor type 1 mRNA to determine the angiotensin receptor type1 (AT1) mRNA content in the atria of patients with end-stage heart failure. We established a quantitative PCR based on coamplification of AT1 wild-type and an internal standard in the same PCR, followed by liquid-phase hybridization of PCR products in microtiter plates and quantitation by ELISA. Glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA in the same samples was used to relate the AT1 mRNA content to a stably expressed reference gene. Atrial samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure obtained at cardiac transplantation were compared with atrial samples from 11 patients with normal cardiac function undergoing routine cardiac surgery. A PCR/ELISA system with a variance of about 6% after reverse transcription and a linear measuring range was established. In the samples from 11 patients with end-stage heart failure a 58% decrease in AT1 mRNA content was found in comparison with 11 controls (heart failure: 185680±196912 AT1 mRNA copies/μg RNA, controls: 440555±268456, P〈0.02). When AT1 mRNA content was related to glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA, a 65% decrease was detected (AT1/glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase: heart failure: 4.84±5.18; controls: 13.74±7.77; P〈0.005). Standardization of PCR resulting in a low coefficient of variance, high reproducibility, and large sample capacity is possible using optimal internal standardization and the liquid-phase hybridization/ELISA system for detection. The optimized PCR procedure indicated downregulation of atrial AT1 in end-stage human heart failure, suggesting a reduced capacity of the atria to respond to angiotensin II stimulation in end-stage heart failure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001090050046
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Robustness and stability properties of first order multi-dimensional (m-D) discrete processes (1990)
    Springer
    Multidimensional systems and signal processing 1 (1990), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0824
    Keywords: m-D stability ; robustness ; nonlinear/shift-varying systems ; recursive m-D digital filters ; transient analysis ; finite wordlength effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In this article, special properties of m-D first order discrete recursive processes are discussed. The results are interpreted in view of the well-known results of 1-D processes and their significance within the general theory of m-D systems is highlighted. In particular it is demonstrated that first order m-D processes share the same properties as 1-D first order processes in many aspects. This includes robustness against nonlinear effects and shift-varying conditions as well as stability under zero and non-zero input conditions, the effect of spectral transformations and the dynamic behavior in the space- (time-) domain. It is shown that the results in the 1-D theory follow from the developed m-D theory by formally settingm=1. This pertains to the closed form representation of the impulse response, the robustness properties and the stability conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01812208
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Robust stability of multidimensional difference equations with shift-variant coefficients (1994)
    Springer
    Multidimensional systems and signal processing 5 (1994), S. 455-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0824
    Keywords: m-D stability ; robustness ; shift-variant systems ; structured uncertainties ; asymptotic stability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper addresses the asymptotic stability of multidimensional systems represented by first hyperquadrant causal linear difference equations whose coefficients are shift-varying. The results extend previous 1-D results, and include the derivation of a fixed region of stability in the parameter space, as well as a sequence of shift-variant parameter regions. In the case of a fixed parameter region, the largest stable hyperdiamond centered at the origin will be obtained. For the shift-variant case, it will be shown that the instantaneous stable parameter region always includes this hyperdiamond.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00989283
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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