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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 218 (1975), S. 11-23 
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Tumor ; Sensitivity Test ; Cyclophosphamide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Sensibilitäts-Testungen von Tumoren wurdenin vitro mit Cyclophosphamid durchgeführt. Dazu wurde Urin Cyclophosphamid-behandelter Ratten (90 min, 500 mg/kg) verwendet. Dieses Verfahren, Cyclophosphamid zu aktivieren, hat gegenüber anderen Methoden Vorteile: Es sind alle cytostatisch wirksamen Metabolite im Test einsetzbar, und die Herstellung der Metabolite leicht standardisierbar. Dadurch können gut reproduzierbare Ergebnisse gewonnen werden. In verschiedenen Testmodellen (Langzeit-Test, Kurzzeit-Test) wurden bei tierischen Transplantationstumoren dosisabhängige Wirkungen dieser Cyclophosphamid-Metabolitein vitro nachgewiesen. Die Testergebnisse sind in den verschiedenen Systemen vergleichbar. In der Gewebekultur (Langzeit-Test) wurde die Tumorempfindlichkeit sowohl nach morphologischen Kriterien, als auch mit der Zellzahl-Methode beurteilt. Im Kurzzeit-Test wurde die Empfindlichkeit der Tumoren durch die Beeinflussung der Nukleinsäuresynthesen (3H-Thymidin-,3H-Uridin-Einbau) festgestellt. Da die Gewebekultur besonders für den klinischen Routine-Einsatz mit manchen Nachteilen verbunden ist, wird der Einsatz der Kurzzeit-Testmethode vorgeschlagen. Am Modell des schnell wachsenden Walker-256-Carcinosarcoms und eines langsam wachsenden Adenocarcinoms der Ratte wurde geprüft, wie gut dieIn-vitro-Testergebnisse mit den Therapieerfolgen im Tierversuch übereinstimmen. Es konnten bei beiden Transplantationstumoren dosisabhängige Tumorremissionen erzielt werden, welche mit denin vitro gewonnenen Resultaten übereinstimmen. Bei menschlichen Tumoren zeigen dieIn-vitro-Untersuchungen (Kurzzeit-Test) eine unterschiedliche Empfindlichkeit gegen Cyclophosphamid.
    Notes: Summary The sensitivity of tumors to cyclophosphamide was tested in oitro. For this purpose, the urine of cyclophosphamide-treated rats (90 min., 500 mg/kg) was used. This method of activating cyclophosphamid proved more advantageous than other methods; all cytostatically effective metabolites can be used in the test and the production of metabolites can easily be standardized. Consequently results with good reproducibility can be obtained. In various long-term and short-term test models with animal transplantation-tumorsin vitro, the effects of the cyclophosphamide metabolites depended on the dose used. This test results in the various test models are comparable. In the tissue-culture of tumors (long-term test) sensitivity was evaluated by using morphological criteria as well as by counting cell numbers. In the short-term test the sensitivity of tumors was found out by influencing the nucleic acid syntheses (3H-thymidine-,3H-uridine-incorporation). As the tissue-culture meets with difficulties as a routine clinical examination, the use of the short-term test is recommended. Using as model the fast proliferating WALKER-256-carcinosarcoma and a slowly proliferating rat adenocarcinoma, the results of the sensitivity-testin vitro were compared with the effects of therapy in animal tests. Tumor remissions corresponding with the results reachedin vitro, which depended on dosis, could also be achieved in both transplantation-tumors. Human tumors, tested inin vitro studies (short-term-test), show a different sensitivity to cyclophosphamide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Screening ; chemotherapy ; tumour ; DNA ; Sensibilitätstestung ; Chemotherapie ; Tumor ; DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Mit einer früher beschriebenen Methode zur Sensibilitätstestung (3H-Thymidineinbau, Flüssigkeitsscintillationsmessung) haben wir 30 menschliche Adenocarcinome (10 Rectum-Sigma-Carcinome, 10 Magen-Carcinome, 30 Mamma-Carcinome) gegenüber Trenimon®, Methotrexat® und Natulan® getestet und statistisch ausgewertet. Die in unserer früheren Untersuchung vermutete Individualität der Tumoren konnte bestätigt werden.
    Notes: Summary Using a sensibility testing method previously described by the authors (3H-thymidine incorporation, liquid scintillation counting), the sensitivity of 30 human tumours (10 recto-sigmoid carcinomas, 10 gastric carcinomas, 10 carcinomas of the breast) was tested in vitro against Trenimon®, Methotrexat® and Natulan®. The results obtained were evaluated statistically. Each tumour proved to react specifically to the agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: water quality ; assessment criteria ; biological hierarchy ; reference conditions ; MuLFA ; Austria ; Europe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We propose a multi-level concept for fish-based assessment (MuLFA) of the ecological integrity of running waters. This concept is designed for large-scale monitoring programmes such as required for the proposed Water Framework Directive of the EU. Out of five different biological organisation levels (fauna, community, guild, population and individual), we propose seven criteria: River-type-specific species, species with self-sustaining populations, fish region, number of guilds, guild composition, population size and population age structure. The principle of the MuLFA is based on assessing the deviation from undisturbed reference conditions. Reference conditions have to be compiled for every distinct river type using historical fish and abiotic data, present river-type-specific reference sites and reference models. The final assessment procedure is done by comparing the assessment reach with the reference conditions using a 5-tiered normative scheme and assigning that reach to the level of highest coincidence. The benefit of the MuLFA is its potential for consistent sensitivity to low- and high-dose human alterations, and due to its general character, its adaptability to all river types.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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