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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restricted infection with canine distemper virus leads to down-regulation of myelin gene transcription in cultured oligodendrocytes (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 312-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Canine distemper virus ; Oligodendrocytes ; Myelin gene expression ; Demyelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) induces oligodendroglial degeneration and multifocal demyelination in the central nervous system. The mechanism of oligodendrocyte degeneration is not understood but it has been shown that there is a restricted infection of these cells without viral protein production. Using a combination of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization we were able to demonstrate the transcription of the entire virus genome throughout the whole observation period (7–35 days after infection) in oligodendrocytes in CDV-infected brain cell cultures. Therefore, the lack of viral protein and particle production can not be explained on the basis of a defective viral transcription. The present study also shows that a restricted infection of oligodendrocytes with CDV down-regulates the transcription of the major myelin genes coding for proteolipid protein, myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein in a very similar way. Using densitometry for in situ hybridization products of MBP in populations of normal and infected oligodendrocytes, an effect could be observed long before morphological changes were detectable. The present results strongly suggest that demyelination in distemper is induced by a restricted CDV infection of oligodendrocytes which down-regulates the expression of a variety of cellular genes, in particular those coding for myelin proteins. Consequently, the infected cells are no longer able to synthesize all the membrane compounds which are necessary for maintaining their structural integrity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296516
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Restricted infection with canine distemper virus leads to down-regulation of myelin gene transcription in cultured oligodendrocytes (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 312-318 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Canine distemper virus ; Oligodendrocytes ; Myelin gene expression ; Demyelination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Canine distemper virus (CDV) induces oligodendroglial degeneration and multifocal demyelination in the central nervous system. The mechanism of oligodendrocyte degeneration is not understood but it has been shown that there is a restricted infection of these cells without viral protein production. Using a combination of immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization we were able to demonstrate the transcription of the entire virus genome throughout the whole observation period (7–35 days after infection) in oligodendrocytes in CDV-infected brain cell cultures. Therefore, the lack of viral protein and particle production can not be explained on the basis of a defective viral transcription. The present study also shows that a restricted infection of oligodendrocytes with CDV down-regulates the transcription of the major myelin genes coding for proteolipid protein, myelin basic protein (MBP) and myelin-associated glycoprotein in a very similar way. Using densitometry for in situ hybridization products of MBP in populations of normal and infected oligodendrocytes, an effect could be observed long before morphological changes were detectable. The present results strongly suggest that demyelination in distemper is induced by a restricted CDV infection of oligodendrocytes which down-regulates the expression of a variety of cellular genes, in particular those coding for myelin proteins. Consequently, the infected cells are no longer able to synthesize all the membrane compounds which are necessary for maintaining their structural integrity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00296516
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A 400-kb tandem duplication within the dystrophin gene leads to severe Becker muscular dystrophy (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 241 (1994), S. 331-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Dystrophin ; Intragenic duplication ; Becker muscular dystrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We describe a family with a large duplication of exons 2–16 of the dystrophin gene. It was characterized by immunocytochemistry, field-inversion gel electrophoresis and quantitative Southern blots. Our observations are of clinical interest in that they demonstrate an intermediate disease course despite a disrupted reading frame of dystrophin as postulated from exon-intron boundaries. We discuss possible mechanisms which may explain the unusual phenotype in our patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00868442
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanische Eigenschaften von kaltgezogenem und gegossenem Titan Grad 2 (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 29 (1998), S. 714-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Mechanical properties of cold-drawn and cast Grade 2 TitaniumThe static and dynamic properties of Grade 2 Titanium for dental applications are investigated. The typical casting procedures used in dental laboratories lead to a drastic deterioration of the mechanical properties compared to wrought material. This deterioration is caused by changes in microstructure and surface roughness. The experimental results are used to determine opportunities for improvements and their limits.
    Notes: In dieser Arbeit werden die statischen und dynamischen Eigenschaften von in der Zahntechnik verwendetem Titan Grad 2 untersucht. Es zeigt sich, daß die in zahntechnischen Laboratorien üblichen Herstellungsprozesse und Bearbeitungsschritte bei gegossenem Titan eine erhebliche Verschlechterung der Eigenschaften gegenüber kommerziell erhältlichen Ti-Halbzeugen bewirken. Diese Verschlechterung läßt sich auf Änderungen im Gefüge und der Oberflächenrauhigkeit zurückführen. Aus den Untersuchungsergebnissen werden Möglichkeiten und Grenzen für die Optimierung des Herstellungsprozesses für Zahnersatz aus Titan Grad 2 abgeleitet.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mawe.19980291205
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aktuelle Diagnostik bei Muskeldystrophien Neue Entwicklungen, Untersuchungs- methoden und Fallbeispiele (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 89-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Gliedergürteldystrophie ; Dystrophin ; Sarkoglykan ; Adhalin ; Emery-Dreifuss-Dystrophie ; Emerin ; Merosin ; Calpain-3 ; Muskeldystrophie Duchenne ; Muskeldystrophie Becker ; Key words Limb-girdle dystrophy ; Dystrophin ; Sarcoglycan ; Adhalin ; Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy ; Emerin ; Merosin ; Calpain-3 ; Becker muscular dystrophy ; Duchenne muscular dystrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Recent progress in the field of molecular genetics revealed a broader spectrum of dystrophin-related disorders than previously assumed. In addition, the pathogenetic basis of other types of muscular dystrophies could be identified: some autosomal-recessive limb girdle dystrophies are caused by mutations of sarcoglycan genes, others are caused by deficiency of the sarcoplasmatic enzyme calpain-3. Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy is due to the deficiency of the nuclear membrane protein emerin. About 50% of congenital muscular dystrophies are related to mutations of a extracellular matrix protein merosin (α-laminin). A series of monoclonal antibodies for immunohistochemistry is now available recognizing many cytoskeletal muscle proteins. In combination with molecular genetics a diagnostic flow chart can be developed which allows a definite diagnosis in most cases. In this review disease entities are illustrated by case reports. We discuss the significance of immunohistochemical and molecular methods for diagnosis.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Neue Ergebnisse der molekularen Genetik haben in den vergangenen Jahren zu der Einsicht geführt, daß das klinische Spektrum der Erkrankungen, die auf Defekte des Muskelmembranproteins Dystrophin zurückgeführt werden können, erheblich breiter ist, als bisher angenommen wurde. Außerdem konnten die molekularen Ursachen anderer Unterformen der progressiven Muskeldystrophien identifiziert werden: ein Teil der autosomal-rezessiv vererbten Muskeldystrophien vom Gliedergürteltyp beruht auf Mutationen der Sarkoglykangene, andere auf Defekten der sarkoplasmatischen Protease Calpain-3; als Ursache der Emery-Dreifuss-Muskeldystrophie konnte ein Membran-Protein der Kernhülle identifiziert werden; etwa die Hälfte der kongenitalen Muskeldystrophien beruht auf Störungen des Merosins (=α2-Laminin), einer Komponente der extrazellulären Matrix. Es steht heute ein Repertoire an spezifischen Antikörpern gegen fast alle der o.g. Muskelproteine für die Immunhistologie zur Verfügung. Zusammen mit den Methoden der molekularen Genetik kann somit ein differenziertes diagnostisches Schema entwickelt werden, das in vielen Fällen zu einer definitiven Diagnose führt. Anhand eigener Fallberichte werden diese Krankheitsentitäten referiert und auf die differentialdiagnostische Bedeutung einer erweiterten immunhistochemischen und molekularen Diagnostik eingegangen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050408
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    60. Optische Chemo- und Biosensoren für die Bioverfahrenstechnik (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 65 (1993), S. 1086-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330650962
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    161. Inhibierungsparameter für quasi-stationäre Bedingungen am Beispiel des Phenolabbaus durch Pseudomonas cepacia G4 (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 68 (1996), S. 1169-1169 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.3306809163
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    63. Hochdruck-Phasengleichgewichte von Polymerlösungen (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 68 (1996), S. 1106-1107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330680965
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über die sulfonierung von polystyrol mit der anlagerungs-verbindung von schwefeltrioxyd an dioxan (1956)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 18 (1956), S. 139-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The sulfonation of polystyrene with concentrated sulfuric acid, oleum or chlorosulfonic acid yields products which swell but are insoluble. On the other hand, soluble products are obtained by sulfonation with the addition compound of sulfur trioxide with dioxane.The preparation, purification and analysis of such polystyrene sulfonic acids and their salts are described. The degree of sulfonation can be varied within wide limits. Products with one sulfonic acid group to about ten phenyl groups are soluble in alcohols and other polar solvents while higher sulfonated products are soluble in water.
    Notes: Die Sulfonierung des Polystyrols mit konzentrierter Schwefelsäure oder Oleum oder Chlorsulfonsäure führt zu unlöslichen, nur quellbaren Polystyrolsulfonsäuren. Im Gegensatz dazu erhält man mit der Additionsverbindung von Schwefeltrioxyd an Dioxan lösliche Produkte.Die Herstellung, Reinigung und Analyse von derartigen Polystyrolsulfonsäuren und ihrer Salze wird beschrieben. Der Sulfonierungsgrad kann in weiten Grenzen variiert werden. Produkte mit einer Sulfonsäuregruppe pro ca. zehn Phenylreste sind in gewissen Alkoholen und anderen polaren Lösungsmitteln löslich, höher sulfonierte in Wasser.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1956.020180113
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition kinetics of phenol degradation from unstable steady-state data (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 54 (1997), S. 567-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: continuous cultivation ; unstable steady state ; substrate inhibition ; phenol degradation ; Pseudomonas cepacia G4 ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Multiplicity of steady states of a continuous culture with an inhibitory substrate was used to estimate kinetic parameters under steady-state conditions. A continuous culture of Pseudomonas cepacia G4, using phenol as the sole source of carbon and energy, was overloaded by increasing the dilution rate above the critical dilution rate. The culture was then stabilized in the inhibitory branch by a proportional controller using the carbon dioxide concentration in the reactor exhaust gas as the controlled variable and the dilution rate as the manipulated variable. By variation of the set point, several unstable steady states in the inhibitory branch were investigated and the specific phenol conversion rates calculated. In addition, phenol degradation was investigated under substrate limitation (chemostat operation).The results show that the phenol degradation by P. cepacia can be described by the same set of inhibition parameters under substrate limitation and under high substrate concentrations in the inhibitory branch. Biomass yield and maintenance coefficients were identical. Fitting of the data to various inhibition models resulted in the best fit for the Yano and Koga equation. The well-known Haldane model, which is most often used to describe substrate inhibition by phenol, gave the poorest fit. The described method allows a precise data estimation under steady-state conditions from the maximum of the biological reaction rate up to high substrate concentrations in the inhibitory branch. Inhibition parameter estimation by controlling unstable steady states may thus be useful in avoiding discrepancies between data generated by batch runs and their application to continuous cultures which have been often described in the literature. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 54: 567-576, 1997.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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