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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of B. procumbens (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 656-664 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta procumbens ; Alien monosomic additions ; Plant development in vivo ; Development in vitro
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Alien monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris), each carrying one of the nine chromosomes of B. procumbens, were grown in vivo and in vitro to study the effect of the alien chromosomes on plant development. All additional chromosomes caused a reduction of the growth rate in vivo, which, in one case was so strong that some of the plants died as seedlings. In general, the morphological plant characteristics were not very useful to distinguish the addition types; this could have been the results of the wide variation in the recipient parent. However, some developmental characteristics proved to be highly chromosome-specific; for plants in vivo this was annuality, in combination with early or late flowering. If grown in vitro, chromosome specificity was observed for growth type (rosette or elongated stem), occurrence and rate of vitrification, occurrence and morphology of wound callus, formation of additional meristems on the midribs of leaves, formation of roots and a specific reaction to benzylaminopurine (BAP) the medium. Two chromosome types of B. procumbens caused resistance to the beet cyst nematode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303509
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection of monosomic addition plants in offspring families using repetitive DNA probes in Beta L. (1996)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 92 (1996), S. 891-897 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Beta procumbens ; Monosomic additions ; PCR ; Repetitive probe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The distribution of two repetitive DNA probes Sat-121 and PB6-4, specific for the section Procumbentes of the genus Beta, was tested in 16 B. patellaris monosomic addition families using a dot-blot hybridization procedure. All monosomic additions were accurately distinguished from diploid sib plants with both DNA probes. The probe PB6-4, with the strongest signal after hybridization, was selected for rapid screening of an extensive number of putative monosomic additions in B. patellaris or B. procumbens addition families using a squash-blot hybridization procedure. The probe PB6-4 detected 118 monosomic additions in 640 plants (18.4%) in eight different B. procumbens addition families. The addition family with chromosome 4 of B. procumbens was semi-lethal and could not be tested. The distribution of PB6-4 in B. patellaris addition families was confirmed in 63 addition families using the squash-blot procedure. In 4580 plants of these addition families, 628 individual monosomic additions (13.7%) were found. The relationship of the morphological characteristics of monosomic addition plants to the results of the squash-blot hybridization (plants with signal) using probe PB6-4 is quite rigorous but not complete. The correlation between plants with a signal and chromosome number (2n=19) is complete. These results indicate that sequences present on PB6-4 are probably present on all chromosomes of B. patellaris and B. procumbens. The possibility of utilizing the sequence information of Sat-121 for a PCR-based assay to screen for putative monosomic addition plants was also investigated as an alternative to chromosome counting. The DNA-amplification profiles using the primers REP and REP.INV clearly distinguished monosomic addition plants from their diploid sibs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00221903
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inheritance of resistance to beet necrotic yellow vein virus in Beta vulgaris conferred by a second gene for resistance (1999)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 99 (1999), S. 740-746 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Key words Beet necrotic yellow vein virus ; Beta vulgaris ; Inheritance ; Resistance genes ; Rhizomania ; STS markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract   Rhizomania is a serious disease of sugar beet, caused by beet necrotic yellow vein virus (BNYVV). The disease can only be controlled by the use of resistant cultivars. The accession Holly contains a single dominant gene for resistance, called Rz. The identification of a locus for resistance that differs from Rz would provide possibilities to produce cultivars with multiple resistance to BNYVV. Inheritance of resistance to BNYVV was studied by screening progenies of crosses between resistant plants of the accessions Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima WB42 and B. vulgaris subsp. vulgaris Holly-1–4 or R104. Observed and expected segregation ratios were compared to elucidate whether the resistance genes in the three accessions are alleles or situated on different loci. STS markers, linked to the genes for resistance, were used to study the segregation in more detail. The results demonstrated that the genes for resistance to BNYVV inHolly-1-4 and WB42 are closely linked. The gene for resistance in R104 is at the same locus as in Holly-1-4, and also closely linked to the gene in WB42. As the Holly resistance gene has been named Rz, the name Rz2 is proposed to refer to the resistance gene in WB42. Consequently, the gene Rz should be referred to as Rz1.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001220051292
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigations on an interspecific hybrid involving three species of the genus Beta, with special reference to isozyme polymorphism (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1986), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Sugar beet ; Beta lomatogona ; Beta procumbens ; Interspecific hybrid ; Isozyme polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A tetraploid (2n=36) interspecific hybrid was obtained involving three species belonging to three different sections of Beta. The hybrid was highly sterile and did not show apomixis. At meiosis, up to nine bivalents were observed, most probably resulting from autosyndesis of the chromosomes of Beta lomatogona. For nine isozyme systems, individual enzyme expression was investigated in the parental species and in the hybrids. No silencing of genes or genomes was observed. In the case of some polymeric enzymes interspecific heteropolymers could be detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289283
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monosomic additions in beet (Beta vulgaris) carrying extra chromosomes of Beta procumbens (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 577-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta procumbens ; Alien monosomic additions ; Isozyme markers ; Chromosome identification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Eleven isozyme systems were used to identify the extra chromosomes, originating from Beta procumbens, in progenies of 33 monosomic additions in beet (B. vulgaris). Nine groups of monosomic additions could be distinguished, representing the nine different chromosome types of B. procumbens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260912
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isozyme analysis of primary trisomies in beet (Beta vulgaris L.). Genetical characterization and techniques for chromosomal assignment of two enzyme-coding loci: leucine aminopeptidase and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 86 (1993), S. 761-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Primary trisomies ; Beet ; Beta vulgaris ; Isozyme polymorphism ; Chromosomal assignment ; Distorted segregation ; Dosage shift
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Segregating families of beet (Beta vulgaris) were used to verify the monofactorial inheritance of two enzyme-coding loci, leucine aminopeptidase (Lap1) and glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (Got3). With a series of primary trisomies and using three methods to discriminate between the critical trisomic (the locus is situated on the triplicated chromosome) and the non-critical ones, it was possible to allocate the two loci to beet chromosomes I and II, respectively. For the locus Lap1 distorted segregation ratios were estimated, and the incorporation of three alleles into one plant was attempted. In the case of Got3 the measurement of the allele dosage effect after electrophoresis was chosen as the major strategy. The output of laser densitometric scans were subjected to the non-parametrical Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00222667
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression in vitro of resistance to Heterodera schachtii in hairy roots of an alien monotelosomic addition plant of Beta vulgaris, transformed by Agrobacterium rhizogenes (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 48 (1990), S. 153-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Beta vulgaris ; Beta patellaris ; Agrobacterium rhizogenes ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii ; nematode resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Hairy roots, induced by Agrobacterium rhizogenes, were obtained of nematode susceptible beet plants (Beta vulgaris) and of the nematode resistant alien monotelosomic addition AN5, carrying a telosome from B. patellaris. The additional telosome was found to be stably present in vitro in the roots of AN5. The hairy root cultures were inoculated with larvae of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. On the root culture of AN5 significantly less cysts developed than on the other root cultures. These results indicate that the resistance to the beet cyst nematode is expressed in the roots after transformation and can be monitored under in vitro conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00037194
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Natural variation within the genus Beta and its possible use for breeding sugar beet: A review (1990)
    Springer
    Euphytica 49 (1990), S. 57-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: breeding ; Beta vulgaris ; sugar beet ; natural variation ; wild Beta species ; disease resistances
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Sugar beet is a relatively young crop, which supposedly has a narrow genetic base. Natural variation occurring in primitive beet varieties and in wild Beta species has been used for breeding sugar beet. This paper reviews information on desirable characteristics in Beta germplasm and the attempts made for the introgression of such characters into commercial breeding material. After an introduction on the availability of germplasm and the possibilities of hybridisation, attention is focussed on the mating system (especially male sterility), on morphological and physiological characteristics, including yield and sugar content, and on resistances to diseases and pests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024131
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intergeneric crosses for the transfer of resistance to the beet cyst nematode from Raphanus sativus to Brassica napus (1993)
    Springer
    Euphytica 68 (1993), S. 111-120 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; ×Brassicoraphanus ; Heterodera schachtii ; intergeneric crosses ; introgression ; meiosis ; nematode resistance ; Raphanus sativus ; rape kale ; oil-seed rape ; fodder rape ; raparadish ; radish
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The possibilities to transfer important traits and in particular resistance to the beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii, abbrev. BCN) from Raphanus sativus to Brassica napus were investigated. For these studies B. napus, R. sativus, the bridging hybrid ×Brassicoraphanus (Raparadish) as well as offspring of the cross ×Brassicoraphanus (Raparadish) ×B. napus were used. Reciprocal crosses between B. napus and R. sativus were unsuccessful, also with the use of embryo rescue. Crosses between ×Brassicoraphanus as female parent and B. napus resulted in a large number of F1 hybrids, whereas the reciprocal cross yielded mainly matromorphic plants. BC1, BC2 and BC3 plants were obtained from backcrosses with B. napus, which was used as the male parent. F1 hybrids and BC plants showed a large variation for morphology and male and female fertility. Cuttings of some F1 and BC1 plants, obtained from crosses involving resistant plants of ×Brassicoraphanus, were found to possess a level of resistance similar to that of the resistant parent. These results and indications for meiotic pairing between chromosomes of genome R with those of the genomes A and/or C suggest that introgression of the BCN-resistance of Raphanus into B. napus may be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024160
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The development of Raparadish (x Brassicoraphanus, 2n=38), a new crop in agriculture (1989)
    Springer
    Euphytica 40 (1989), S. 1-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Raparadish x Brassicoraphanus ; Brassica rapa ; Raphanus sativus ; amphidiploid ; intergeneric hybrid ; fertility ; resistance ; beet cyst nematode ; Heterodera schachtii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Raparadish, x Brassicoraphanus, the amphidiploid hybrid between Brassica rapa (syn. B.campestris) and Raphanus sativus (fodder radish) was made by Dolstra (1982). Primary hybrid plants grew vigorously, suggesting that the amphidiploid AARR might be useful as a fodder crop. Three populations of this new material were studied, with special attention to improvement of fertility and resistance to beet cyst nematode (Heterodera schachtii), whilst preserving genetic variability. For lack of progress one of the populations was abandoned after the fourth generation. The other two populations were observed through nine or ten generations. Apart from the last two generations mass selection for seed set was carried out on the basis of single plants. This led to a considerable increase in average seed production, without losing a wide variation for this trait. Thus more progress is being expected. Five cycles of mass selection for resistance to beet cyst nematodes led to a considerable increase of the level of resistance of both populations. The prospects of this new agricultural crop are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00023291
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