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  • Inorganic Chemistry  (8)
  • radioimmunoassay  (3)
  • Biliary Excretion  (2)
  • Nitrogenase regulation  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 290 (1975), S. 221-234 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Biliary Excretion ; Choleresis ; Nafenopin Enterohepatic Circulation ; Pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Administration of nafenopin (SU-13-437) to male rats for two days leads to a doubling of bile production and a 50% increase in liver weight. These two effects have been shown not to be directly interrelated. A marked decrease in biliary bile salt concentration suggests that the bile salt independent flow is stimulated. The extra bile produced is probably of canalicular origin since bile to plasma concentration ratios of erythritol are unchanged. At least three polar metabolites of nafenopin have been observed in rat bile. Obervations in rats with partial biliary fistulas indicate that the drug and its metabolites undergo extensive enterohepatic circulation. Our studies support the view that much of the enhanced bile flow is associated with the presence of nafenopin and/or its metabolites within the hepatobiliary system. However, the response is too extensive to be explained merely by osmotic choleresis. Induced structural changes in the liver may also account for some of this effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 290 (1975), S. 235-250 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Nafenopin ; Biliary Excretion ; Hepatic Uptake ; Hypolipidemic Agents ; Dibromosulphthalein
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rats treated with the hypolipidemic agent, nafenopin (SU-13, 437) exhibit a higher plasma retention and a markedly reduced biliary excretion of organic anions, such as sulfobromophthalein (BSP) and its dibromo analog (DBSP), indocyaninegreen (ICG), succinylsulfathiazole (SST) and polar metabolites of bilirubin and the carcinogens 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and 3,4-benz-pyrene (BP), despite an increase in liver mass and a profound choleresis. However, taurocholate is not affected in this manner, which supports the idea of a transport mechanism for taurocholate that differs from that of other organic anions. A pharmacokinetic study was made for DBSP in vivo. After nafenopin treatment, primary hepatic uptake (k12) and transport from liver into bile (k23) are reduced in vivo. Infusion studies indicate that biliary transport maximum (Tm) for DBSP is also decreased although the calculated hepatic storage (S) is only moderately affected. In the isolated perfused liver, hepatic clearance and biliary excretion of BSP are reduced by two-thirds. The time course of anion tranport inhibition and the hepato-biliary disposition of 14C-nafenopin suggest a direct effect of the drug. The extra liver mass induced by nafenopin appears to be hypo- or nonfunctional with respect to hepatic transport of organic anions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrogenase regulation ; Glutamine synthetase ; Ammonia switch-off ; Rhodopseudomonas palustris
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Nitrogenase activity in Rhodopseudomonas palustris is subject to a rapid switch-off in response to exogenous ammonia. When cells were grown on limiting nitrogen and eventually became nitrogen deficient, nitrogenase synthesis was fully derepressed but the enzyme was insensitive to ammonia. The transformation of ammonia-sensitive to ammonia-insensitive cells was a slow, but fully reversible process. The switch-off effect in ammonia-sensitive cells paralleled changes in the adenylylation state of glutamine synthetase. Ammonia-insensitive cells, however, showed similar changes in glutamine synthetase activity although nitrogenase activity was unaffected. We conclude that nitrogenase regulation and adenylylation of glutamine synthetase are independent processes, at least under conditions of nitrogen deficiency.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Keywords: Nitrogen fixation ; Nitrogenase regulation ; Glutamine synthetase ; Methionine suofoximine ; Rhodospirillaceae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Methionine sulfoximine (MSX), an irreversible inhibitor of glutamine synthetase of Rhodopseudomonas palustris restored nitrogenase activity to cells in which nitrogenase had been completely inhibited by ammonia switch-off. After addition of MSX, there was a lag period before nitrogenase activity was fully restored. During this lag, glutamine synthetase activity progressively decreased, and near the time of its complete inhibition, nitrogenase activity resumed. Nitrogenase switch-off by ammonia thus required active glutamine synthetase. Glutamine itself caused nitrogenase inhibition whose reversal by MSX depended on the relative ratio of MSX to glutamine. Unlike ammonia, glutamine inhibited nitrogenase under conditions where glutamine synthetase activity was absent. This indicates that glutamine is the effector molecule in nitrogenase switch-off, for instance by interacting with the enzymatic system for Fe protein inactivation. The effects of glutamine and MSX were also dependent on the culture age. Possible explanation for this and for the competitive effects are a common binding site within the regulatory apparatus for nitrogenase, or, in part, within a common transport system. Some observations with MSX were extended to Rhodopseudomonas capsulata and agreed with those in R. palustris.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Combined with the sudden increase of the susceptibility of antiferromagnetic VO2 at a temperature of about 70°C, the electric conductivity of VO2 is strongly increased, too. Isomorphic substitution of V4+-ions by Ti4+-ions disturbs the antiferromagnetic interaction within the lattice. VO2—TiO2-mixed crystals exhibit higher susceptibilities and conductivities than pure VO2 does; there is a reduced increase of both the susceptibility and conductivity at about 70°C.The spectrum of reflection of VO2 is changed by Ti4+-ions in the same manner like that of pure VO2 when heated above 70°C.
    Notes: Mit dem sprunghaften Anstieg der Susceptibilität von reinem VO2 bei ∼ +70°C ist ein starker Anstieg der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit verbunden. Durch isomorphen Ersatz von V4+ durch Ti1+ werden die antiferromagnetischen Wechselwirkungen im VO2-Gitter gestört. Dies gibt sich an VO2—TiO2-Mischkristallen durch einen Anstieg der Susceptibilität und der Leitfähigkeit sowie durch eine Erniedrigung des Susceptibilitäts- und Leitfähigkeitssprunges in der Gegend von +70°C zu erkennen.Die Farbkurven von VO2 zeigen bei Einbau von Ti4+-Ionen in das VO2-Gitter die gleichen charakteristischen Veränderungen, wie sie bei reinem VO2 oberhalb +70°C auftreten.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 285 (1956), S. 287-296 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Es wird die Darstellung von zwei Natriumvanadaten(IV), Na2VO3 und Na2V2O5, beschrieben. Entsprechende Lithiumvanadate(IV) konnten nicht erhalten werden; die Umsetzung zwischen Li2O und VO2 führt bei 700° zu Vanadin(III)- und Vanadin(V)-verbindungen.CaVO3, aus CaO und VO2 bei 800° erhältlich, kristallisiert im Perowskitgitter mit a = 3,75 ± 0,01 kX.Zwischen Kobaltvanadin(III)-spinell, CoV2O4 mit a = 8,39 kX und Kobaltvanadin(IV)-spinell, Co2VO4, existiert eine Mischphase, die von 0-90 Mol-% VO2 reicht. Der reine Vanadin(IV)-spinell läßt sich nicht darstellen, weil bei der Umsetzung von VO2 mit CoO in geringem Umfang stets eine Disproportionierung des V4+ eintritt. Eine dem Kobalttitan(IV)-oxyd, CoTiO3, entsprechende Verbindung tritt im System CoO—VO2 nicht auf, doch lassen sich im Titanat unter Erhaltung der Ilmenitstruktur bis 50% der Ti4+-Ionen durch V4+-Ionen ersetzen.Auch die Umsetzung von 1 VO2 mit 2 MgO führt, wie jetzt gezeigt werden kann, zu keinem einheitlichen Produkt, so daß es den Anschein hat, daß reine Vanadin(IV)-spinelle, Me2VO4 (Me = Co, Zn, Mg, Mn) wegen des leichten Eintritts von Disproportionierungsreaktionen nicht existenzfähig sind.Im System Nickel - Vanadin - Sauerstoff tritt keine Spinellphase auf.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 109 (1976), S. 306-313 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Formation and Structure of the Pentabromocarbonate Anion [CBr5⊖]n - On the Oxidation of En-aminesOxidation of enamines 5 with tetrabromomethane yields stable crystalline pentabromocarbonates 6, which may easily be converted into the corresponding perchlorates 7. From the pentabromocarbonates, tetrabromomethane cannot be extracted either by organic solvents or by heating in vacuo; with silver nitrate, however, silver bromide can be precipitated from tetraphenylphosphonium pentabromocarbonate (9). If labelled 9 - prepared from tetraphenylphosphonium [82Br]bromide and tetrabromomethane - is treated with silver nitrate, all the activity is found in the silver bromide precipitate. This is clear evidence against a trigonal bipyramidal structure of the pentabromocarbonate anion CBr5⊖]n.
    Notes: Bei der Oxidation von Enaminen 5 mit Tetrabrommethan entstehen stabile kristalline Pentabromocarbonate 6, die sich leicht in die entsprechenden Perchlorate 7 überführen lassen. Aus den Pentabromocarbonaten kann Tetrabrommethan weder durch Extraktion mit organischen Solventien noch durch Erhitzen i. Vak. abgespalten werden, mit Silbernitrat kann jedoch aus Tetraphenylphosphonium-pentabromocarbonat (9)Silberbromid ausgefällt werden. Bei der Umsetzung von markiertem 9 - dargestellt aus [82Br] Tetraphenylphosphoniumbromid und Tetrabrommethan - mit Silbernitrat findet man die Gesamtaktivität im Silberbromid-Niederschlag. Dies spricht gegen die Struktur einer trigonalen Bipyramide für das CBr5⊖]n-Anion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 30 (1995), S. 165-176 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: Lepidoptera ; radioimmunoassay ; enzyme immunoassay ; equilibrium dialysis ; monoclonal antibody ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Numerous studies have demonstrated regulation of specific lepidopteran proteins by pharmacological doses of insect juvenile hormone (JH). In this study, topical application of a 1 pg dose of JH I to fourth stadium larvae of the black (bl) mutant strain of the tobacco hornworm, Manduca sexta, induced a 50% increase in the titer of hemolymph juvenile hormone binding protein (hJHBP). Radioimmunoassay confirmed that JH titers were lower in bl larvae than in wild-type larvae at the time of JH treatment. Enzyme immunoassay analysis of hJHBP titers demonstrated that regulation by JH I was dose-dependent at doses up to 10 pg and that the response was saturated above 100 pg. Western blotting and equilibrium dialysis confirmed these results and demonstrated that hJHBP from bl larvae had the same molecular mass and displayed the same affinity for JH I as hJHBP isolated from wild-type larvae. Time course studies showed that regulation was complex: 1 2 h after JH I treatment, hJHBP titers were twofold lower in treated than in control bl larvae, while 44 h after treatment they were twofold higher. JH I regulation of hJHBP titers in bl larvae was independent of changes in total hemolymph protein. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 30 (1995), S. 295-306 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: radioimmunoassay ; JH I ; JH II ; JH III ; hemolymph ; insect hormone ; Manducasexta sexta ; Hyalophora cecropia ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Recent refinements in juvenile hormone radioimmunoassay technology now make this method significantly more sensitive and easier to use. Rabbit poly-clonal antisera against (10R) JH III and racemic JH II have been developed to determine hemolymph hormone titers in the low picogram range. The antisera display minimal cross-reactivity with JH metabolites, JH analogs, and hemolymph lipids. One antiserum recognizes racemic JH I, II, and (10R) III almost equivalently, exhibiting 50% displacement between 100 and 130 pg per tube. Another antiserum is JH II-specific and exhibits 50% displacement at 35 pg per tube. Assay sensitivity has been enhanced by using (10R,11S) [methyl-3H]-JH II of very high specific activity (〉 80 Ci/mmol) generated with Hyalophora cecropia accessory gland S-adenosylmethionine transferase and S-[methyl-3H]-adenosyl-L-methionine. Preparation of biological samples has been simplified with overall recoveries of JH from hemolymph ranging between 60 and 75%. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Archives of Insect Biochemistry and Physiology 23 (1993), S. 147-152 
    ISSN: 0739-4462
    Keywords: honey bee ; Apis mellifera ; juvenile hormone ; radioimmunoassay ; hemolymph ; Chemistry ; Food Science, Agricultural, Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Juvenile hormone from the hemolymph of adult worker honey bees of known age and behavioral status was extracted and analyzed by two different radioimmunoassays in two independent laboratoies. The assays are different in hapten attachment, radiolabeled tracer, and the method by which bound and unbound hormone are separated. Despite these differences in the methods, hormone determinations were in excellent agreement at lower levels (0-50 ng/ml) but diverged as the hormone concentrations increased (〉 50 ng/ml). The relative changes are in good agreement, with a correlation coefficient of 0.97. © 1993 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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