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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size and shape of the mandibular condyle in primates (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 177 (1983), S. 59-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The relationships between the size of the articular surface of the mandibular condyle and masticatory muscle size, tooth size, diet, and biomechanical variables associated with mastication were studied by taking 12 measurements on skulls of 253 adult female anthropoid primates, including three to ten specimens from each of 32 species.In regressions of condylar length, width, or area against body weight, logarithmic transformations substantially improve the fit of the equations compared with untransformed data. There is a strong relationship betwden condylar measurements and body weight, with all correlations being .94 or higher. The slopes of the allometric regressions of length, width, and area of the condylar head indicate slight positive allometry with body size.Folivorous primates have smaller condyles than frugivorous primates, and colobines have smaller condyles than cebids, cercopithecines, or hominoids. When colobines are eliminated, the differences between frugivores and folivores are not significant. However, the two species with the relatively largest condyles are Pongo pygmaeus and Cercocebus torquatus, suggesting that there may be a relationship between unusually large condylar dimensions and the ability to crak hard nuts between the teeth.Cranial features having strong positive correlations with condylar dimensions include facial prognathism, maxillary incisor size, maxillar postcanine area, mandibular ramus breadth, and temporal fossa area. These data are interpreted as indicating that relatively large condyles are associated with relatively large masticatory muscles, relatively inefficient mandibular biomechanics, and a large dentition. These relationships support the growing evidence that the temporomandibular joint is a stress-bearing joint in normal function.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051770106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Studies on the mechanism of the reversal of rapid organelle transport in myelinated axons of Xenopus laevis (1988)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Cell Motility and the Cytoskeleton 10 (1988), S. 296-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0886-1544
    Keywords: axonal transport ; organelles ; transport reversal ; myelinated axons ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Rapid organelle transport was studied by computer- and video-enhanced microscopy in the region of localized lesions in single myelinated axons of Xenopus laevis. Localized lesions were created that were either impermeable to small ions in the bathing medium or were permeable to agents with molecular weights up to 10,000. Providing the axons were bathed in a suitable “internal” medium, organelle transport continued to within a few micrometers of the lesion whether the lesion was permeable or not. Organelles undergoing anterograde and retrograde transport reversed their direction of transport on reaching the lesion. In preparations with lesions that were permeable, nonhydrolyzable analogs of ATP inhibited normally directed and reversed organelle transport. In permeable preparations, vanadate and EDTA inhibited retrograde and reversed retrograde transport at different intra-axonal concentrations; anterograde and reversed anterograde transport were also differentially inhibited. Anterograde and retrograde organelle transport were also shown to be inhibited at different intraaxonal concentrations of vanadate and EDTA.The results provide evidence for the existence of two different axonal transport mechanisms in myelinated axons. The two mechanisms can account for the normally directed and reversed transport of individual organelles.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cm.970100134
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of cell populations of normal and injured mouse lens epithelium. I. Cell cycleThis work was supported by Public Health Service Research Grant 5 R01-EY 00698-03, -04, -05 from the National Eye Institute. (1976)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 186 (1976), S. 105-113 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using a combination of single isotope and double isotope autoradiography after injection of 3H-thymidine and of 3H- + 14C-thymidine, respectively, the cell cycle of normal and injured lens epithelial cells in the mouse was determined. Progenitor cells in the peripheral region of normal lens epithelium were found to traverse the replicative cycle in the same amount of time as the injury-stimulated cells in both peripheral and central (wound) regions. The individual phases were also the same length, except for a slight shortening of G2 in the injured epithelium. The durations of the phases were: S: 11-12 hours; G2: 1.5-2 hours; M: 4.2-5 hours; G1 (derived): 38-44 hours; and total cycle: 55-61 hours. Two findings were significant in view of previous observations that injury to mouse lens seldom induces lens opacity. First, while the cell cycle duration was not affected by injury, a burst of proliferation of potentially active cells ensued. And, secondly, this burst of proliferation involved only one cell cycle. Only a small number of cells, equivalent to the normal progenitor compartment, continued into a second replicative cycle. The wound was healed, therefore, mainly by one division cycle involving a large number of cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091860108
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryonic and fetal hemopoiesis in the mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 189 (1977), S. 499-517 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A study of the development of hemopoiesis in the Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) was conducted in order to determine the temporal sequence, the organs involved and the cytology of blood cell formation in this species. Hemopoiesis in the intrauterine life of the gerbil can be divided into four phases based on the site of blood cell formation: (1) the vitelline phase, (2) the hepatic phase, including thymic histogenesis, (3) the splenic phase and (4) the medullary phase, with the development of secondary lymphoid tissues. At the onset of each of these phases a blast-like cell was identifiable in each hemopoietic organ which, because of its morphology and its presumed multipo-tentiality was classified as a “lymphoid cell.” In the yolk sac phase (gestational day 12) two generations of erythrocytes, a primitive and a definitive, are formed. The liver is by day 15 erythropoietic and megakaryopoietic, but later, a few gran-ulocytes are also found in its extravascular compartment. The thymus is exclusively lymphopoietic from the appearance of its earliest cells on day 15. Splenic hemopoiesis is initiated with the presence of lymphoid cells (day 20) followed later by the appearance of morphologically identifiable blood cell lines. Early normoblastic and granulocytic activity begins in the marrow cavities on day 23, though the marrow is not considered to be a source of circulating blood cells during fetal life. Lymph node histogenesis occurs during the last four days of gestation, first in the cervical region and then in other parts of the body. The finding of undifferentiated lymphoid cells in all organs at the initiation of hemopoiesis and in the peripheral blood throughout gestation is discussed in light of the migratory theory of hemopoiesis.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091890309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of activated components of the complement system using optical biosensor techniques (1996)
    Chicester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Molecular Recognition 9 (1996), S. 746-746 
    Details
    ISSN: 0952-3499
    Keywords: complement; solvent activation; biosensor technology ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative morphology and carbohydrate histochemistry of the mouse submandibular gland following prepubertal castration (1975)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 144 (1975), S. 137-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The endocrinologic basis for morphological and biochemical sex differences in the mouse submandibular gland have not been clarified. Previous studies have emphasized the maintenance of glandular differences in adult animals, rather than considering the factors responsible for their developmental etiology. Male CD-1 mice were castrated at intervals between 10 and 50 days of age and killed at 100 days. The quantitative development of granular tubules and the carbohydrate histochemistry of the submandibular glands were compared to untreated males and females. The area of granular tubules increased with age at castration. Nested analysis of variance indicated significant differences among treatments and among sections within individual glands. No group of castrated males had a greater development of tubules than untreated females. Carbohydrate histochemistry demonstrated an increase in carboxylated mucosubstances in the acinar cells and granular tubule cells of castrated animals.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001440203
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capillary isotachophoresis with UV and tandem mass spectrometric detection for peptides and proteins (1990)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 11 (1990), S. 709-717 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The application of capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) and combined CITP-mass spectrometry (MS) for peptides and proteins is demonstrated. Separation of simple peptide mixtures, as well as enzymatic digets of proteins, is also reported using CITP with UV detection. The potential utility of CITP for proteins is demonstrated. Initial studies of combined CITP-MS of enzymatic digests is also demonstrated, showing the potential for rapid sequence determination.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150110907
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On-line capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry of nucleotides (1995)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 16 (1995), S. 389-395 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary zone electrophoresis ; Capillary isotachophoresis ; Mass spectrometry ; Tandem mass spectrometry ; Nucleotide separation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and reversed anionic capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) conditions have been developed for the separation of mixtures comprised of monophosphate nucleosides, pyridine and flavin dinucleotides, and monophosphate dinucleosides. Results for the on-line coupling of CZE and CITP with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) are presented. CITP-tandem MS is utilized to provide both molecular weight and structural information of monophosphate dinucleosides. The fragmentation pattern of dinucleotides in the low collision energy range is described. The resulting mass spectra are readily interpreted in terms of dinucleotide structures. These results demonstrate the new capability for applications for the study of DNA and RNA.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150160165
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interface of capillary electrophoresis with high performance fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry for biomolecule characterization (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 17 (1996), S. 1808-1817 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Capillary electrophoresis ; Capillary isoelectric focusing ; Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interfacing of capillary electrophoresis (CE) with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS) and the factors which dictate obtainable performance (i.e., sensitivity, mass resolution, scan rate and duty cycle) are described. We demonstrate the current status of the technique with examples of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and capillary isotachophoresis (CITP) with FTICR analyses of proteins and oligonucleotides, and describe current limitations on sensitivity and scan speed. The first on-line interfacing of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with FTICR is also demonstrated and shown to be effective for separating minor components of protein mixtures for on-line mass spectral analysis. Finally, the potential for greatly improved performance based upon recent advances in FTICR instrumentation and methods is briefly described.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150171204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of small-diameter capillaries for increasing peptide and protein detection sensitivity in capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (1993)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Electrophoresis 14 (1993), S. 448-457 
    Details
    ISSN: 0173-0835
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The use of small ID capillaries is shown to provide a substantial increase in sensitivity for capillary electrophoresis-electrospray ionization/mass spectrometry (CE-ESI/MS). In a comparison using capillaries ranging from either 100 to 10 μm or 50 to 5 μm ID and chemically modified with aminopropylsilane, a 25- to 50-fold increase in sensitivity was observed for both peptide and protein mixtures. This enhanced solute sensitivity allowed the detection of approximately 150 attomoles of melittin (2845 Da) with selected ion monitoring and 600 attomoles of carbonic anhydrase (29157 Da) while scanning for CE-MS with a quadrupole mass spectrometer. For the protein mixture, mass spectra of sufficient quality for precise molecular weight determination (≤ 0.05%) were obtained for 600 attomole injections using a 5 μm ID capillary. The increase in sensitivity with small capillary diameters can be primarily attributed to a reduced mass flow rate of buffer and other background constituents into the electrospray source, which allows for greater sample ionization efficiency. A model that qualitatively accounts for the results is presented, but quantitative agreement is precluded due to difficulties in accounting for contributions due to a liquid sheath flow used with the electrospray source. The model accounts for the observation that the ESI/MS appears to function as a concentration-sensitive detector under many conditions using large-diameter capillaries. A transition occurs, however, to a regime where the ESI/MS functions as a mass flow-sensitive detector for small-diameter capillaries, where the ESI current is limited by the rate of delivery to the ESI source of charge carrying species in solution. These results suggest peptide and protein analysis at low attomole and subattomole levels should be obtainable with alternative types of mass spectrometers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/elps.1150140170
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