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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid medullary carcinoma ; Calcitonin ; EC granule ; Serotonin ; Protein A-colloidal gold
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In two medullary carcinomas of the thyroid gland two types of secretory granules were found electron microscopically in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells. The sizes of the granules in one case ranged 103–345 nm in diameter; they were round in shape, and they co-existed in the same tumour cell. They could not, therefore, be distinctively subdivided into two types. In another case, secretory granules in the cytoplasm closely resemble EC granule in morphology. Using the protein A-colloidal gold (PAG) technique the content of secretory granules could be identified as calcitonin irrespective of their sizes or morphology. Immunoreactivity at the ultrastructural level was fairly well preserved even in the osmium-fixed tumour cells. The labelling index, expressed as a mean number of gold particles per unit square area of the secretory granule, was higher in the non-osmium-fixed tumour cells than in the osmium-fixed. Non-osmium-fixed tumour cells embedded either in epoxy or methacryl resin were almost equally labelled with gold particles. The result indicates that the PAG method is practicable to demonstrate the ultrastructural localization of calcitonin even in the osmium-fixed, epoxy resin embedded material.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Thyroid neoplasms ; Ultrastructure prognosis ; C cell ; Calcitonin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Five cases of sporadic medullary carcinoma of the thyroid (MTC) with rapidly progressive disease were studied ultrastructurally. The tumour cells had poorly differentiated C cell characteristics. They exhibited smaller secretory granules in their narrow cytoplasm. Morphometric analysis disclosed that the average diameter of the secretory granules of the cases with a poor prognosis was 173.0 nm in comparison with 254.2 nm of well differentiated cases. The granules were fewer in the poor prognostic group (1.31/µ2) than the well differentiated group (2.75/µ2). Increased free ribosomes and polysomes were noted in the cytoplasm and dispersed chromatin in the nuclei. These cases should be therefore classified as poorly differentiated MTC rather than atypical or anaplastic MTC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 12 (1984), S. 319-333 
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Electrogastrogram ; Electrodes ; Biopotentials ; Models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Both ac and dc abdominal electrical recordings were made on fasted and fed human subjects using a spatial array of 18 cutaneous, biopotential electrodes. Controlled skin puncture minimized cutaneous potentials. Pregelling electrodes minimized drift. The recording sessions were between two and three hours in length. We determined the optimal location for ac recording of a 3 cpm wave at a location on the midline approximately 5 cm below the xiphoid process. Seven cpm waves were also observed in one individual at the same location. The dc values were fed into a Hewlett Packard 1000 computer which interpolated the intermediate values and plotted twodimensional contour plots which were examined visually. The right abdominal surface was typically 1.8 mV more negative than the left for prefeeding. The left abdominal surface was typically 4.6 mV more negative than the right for postfeeding. We propose an electrical model that explains these results during the fasted state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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