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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biosorption of chromium to fungi (1995)
    Springer
    BioMetals 8 (1995), S. 117-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8773
    Keywords: chromium ; biosorption ; Mucor hiemalis ; TEM ; EELS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Eighteen fungal strains were isolated from water and soil samples and tested for their ability to enrich chromium. The microorganism with the highest enrichment capacity, a zygomycete (Mucor hiemalis MP/92/3/4), was chosen for detailed investigations. Some basic tests such as the pH-dependence, the kinetics of the enrichment and the metal selectivity were carried out with the two most frequent oxidation states of chromium, the trivalent cation (Cr3+) and the hexavalent anion (CrO4 2−). With Cr3+ the enrichment showed a saturation kinetic reaching 70% of the maximum capacity after about 30 min, whereas with CrO4 2− a linear time course with a much lower metal enrichment was observed. The highest level of enrichment for Cr3+ was observed at pH 5.5 (21.4 mg/g dry wt), and for CrO4 2− at pH 1 (4.3 mg/g dry wt). Investigations concerning the metal enrichment selectivity resulted in the following series of decreasing ion uptake: Cr3+ 〉 Cu2+ 〉 Pb2+ 〉 Ag+ 〉 Al3+ 〉 Co2+ 〉 Zn2+ 〉 Ni2+ 〉 Fe2+ 〉 Mo5+ 〉 Cd2+ 〉 2− 〉 CrO4 2− 〉 VO3−, calculated on a molar basis. Trivalent chromium caused a staining of the outer cell wall region in transmission electron microscopy. The localization of chromium in the stained outer layers of the cell wall could be verified by electron energy loss spectroscopy. The enrichment of Cr3+ by M. hiemalis seemed to be mainly a passive biosorption to the cell wall, whereas for the uptake of CrO4 2− intracellular accumulation as well as biosorption is possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00142010
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of lime and nutrient salts on the microbiological activities of forest soils (1991)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 11 (1991), S. 261-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Forest soil ; Fertilization ; Enzymes ; Lime ; Amelioration ; Microbial biomass ; Protease activity ; Phosphatase activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary In pot experiments, lime and mineral salts were applied to forest soils taken from three different sites. Microbial biomass, basal respiration, N turnover, and the activities of protease, phosphatase, and CM-cellulase were determined monthly. The fertilized soils showed a great increase in biomass, respiration and N turnover, and some increase in protease activity, whereas phosphatase activity decreased in comparison with the untreated soils. Estimates of the number of colony-forming units of different classes of microorganisms showed an increase in treated soils in most cases. The untreated soils had the lowest biological activity but the maximum application of lime and mineral salts did not automatically lead to maximum activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335845
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A feasibility study for the in situ remediation of a former tank farm (1999)
    Springer
    World journal of microbiology and biotechnology 15 (1999), S. 615-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0972
    Keywords: Biostimulation ; in situ remediation ; intrinsic bioremediation ; natural attenuation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A feasibility study of the in situ remediation of a former tank farm (on a petrol station) was made over a period of 150 days at 10 °C. The natural attenuation (which is a sum of the abiotic losses and the natural biodegradation by the indigenous soil microorganisms) and the effect of biostimulation by inorganic nutrient supply were investigated. The contamination was not homogeneously distributed in the seven soil samples investigated. Nutrient addition had no statistically significant effect on hydrocarbon decontamination. A remarkable part of the decontamination had to be attributed to natural attenuation. Soil microbial counts and CO2 evolution indicated a negative effect of nutrition on the number of microbial hydrocarbon degraders and on soil microbial activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008994422216
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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