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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morgendlicher Blutdruckanstieg: vor oder nach dem Aufwachen? (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 68 (1990), S. 320-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Blood pressure ; Hypertension ; Sleep ; Waking up ; Antihypertensive therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The coincidence of the circadian peak of cardiovascular events with the morning blood pressure rise suggests causal connections. Rapidly acting antihypertensives taken before getting up may attenuate the increase early enough, if the onset does not occur before awakening. In 111 normotensives and in 109 subjects with untreated essential hypertension ambulatory blood pressure monitoring was performed to study whether the onset of the blood pressure rise occurs before or after waking up. The individual 24 h blood pressure profiles obtained by intermittent readings at intervals of 15 minutes were synchronized by the time of waking up. The resulting blood pressure curves showed no substantial blood pressure rise during sleep, but steep increases after awakening: Within the first hour after waking up blood pressure increased from 107.3+11.4/62.3±9.6 mm Hg (mean+sd) to 121.4±16.0/75.3+12.6 mm Hg in normotension and from 124.7+16.0/72.7+12.2 mm Hg to 140.3+17.2/84.5+13.3 mm Hg in hypertension. The velocity of this increase was dependent on the lag between waking up and getting up. There was no phase difference between early morning blood pressure and heart rate rises. Thus to attenuate the morning blood pressure increase, rapidly acting drugs after awakening may be considered instead of long acting antihypertensives administered prior to sleep.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01649023
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diurnal variations of blood pressure in shift workers during day and night shifts (1989)
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 61 (1989), S. 463-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Shift work ; Night shift ; Blood pressure ; 24-h blood pressure monitoring ; Circadian rhythm
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The dependence of blood pressure upon internal rhythms and the short-term effects of shift rota on the blood pressure were investigated in shift workers. Blood pressure was measured every 30 min using automatic recorders for 24 h in 17 physically working men in a chemical factory during their morning and night shifts. Mean 24-h blood pressures were identical in the morning and night shifts. There were no differences of the mean blood pressure between the respective sleeping phases or between the working periods. The amplitudes of circadian blood pressure variations were equal. There was a phase difference of 8 h corresponding to the lag between the working periods. At this 8-h lag the hourly means of the 24-h blood pressure were closely correlated (r = 0.69). Comparisons of 24-h blood pressure profiles during the first and last days of a night shift week showed that the effects of night work on the blood pressure were already fully developed within the first 24h (r = 0.86). Thus the diurnal variations of the blood pressure are determined by the working and sleeping periods and largely independent of endogenous rhythm. There is no short-term alteration of the mean 24-h blood pressure after shift rota.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00386480
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of dobutamine and dopamine on hemodynamics and plasma concentrations of noradrenaline and renin in patients with low cardiac output following acute myocardial infarction (1980)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 18 (1980), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: dobutamine ; dopamine ; myocardial infarction ; haemodynamics ; plasma noradrenaline ; plasma renin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The comparative hemodynamic effects of dobutamine and dopamine were studied in 6 patients with low cardiac output resulting from acute myocardial infarction. Plasma levels of noradrenaline and renin were measured before and during a 5 µg/kg/min infusion of each of the drugs. Dobutamine had a more pronounced chronotropic effect, increased the systolic arterial pressure more and decreased the systemic vascular resistance less than dopamine at doses which had comparable effects on cardiac output. Dobutamine stimulated renin release, which might partly be the cause of the increased systolic arterial pressure. The drug reduced the plasma level of noradrenaline, which might be explained as a reflex reduction in sympathetic tone. Dopamine, however, did not stimulate renin release but it did enhance the plasma level of noradrenaline, which might be due mainly to the release of endogenous noradrenaline.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00563001
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of acute and long-term beta-adrenoceptor blockade with propranolol on haemodynamics, plasma catecholamines and renin in essential hypertension (1982)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 23 (1982), S. 377-382 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: propranolol ; essential hypertension ; acute and chronic treatment ; haemodynamic effects ; plasma renin ; plasma catecholamines
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of an acute intravenous and repeated oral doses of propranolol on haemodynamics, plasma and urinary catecholamines and plasma renin activity was studied in patients with essential hypertension. Intravenous injection of propranolol 5 mg produced a fall in cardiac output but had no consistent effect on blood pressure. Treatment with oral propranolol for 24 weeks lowered cardiac output and blood pressure; total peripheral resistance did not differ from the pretreatment values. Neither acute intravenous nor chronic oral administration of the beta-blocker affected the resting plasma levels of noradrenaline and adrenaline. Long-term treatment with propranolol reduced urinary excretion of vanilmandelic acid without affecting urinary catecholamine excretion. Acute intravenous injection of propranolol decreased plasma renin activity less than did chronic oral treatment with the drug. The observed time course of plasma renin activity was compatible with the view that suppression of this enzyme contributed to the antihypertensive effect of propranolol.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00605985
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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