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  • Mice  (3)
  • Body composition  (2)
  • Body size  (1)
  • Burn  (1)
  • Electrical stimulation  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism, bone mass, body size, and vitamin D receptor density (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 161-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Bone mass ; Vitamin D receptor ; Body size ; VDR gene polymorphism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We determined vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene alleles (based on the BsmI restriction site polymorphism), duodenal mucosal receptor density, bone mass at spine and total body, and body size in 32 healthy premenopausal females. While we found no relationship between allele and receptor density in duodenal mucosa, bone mineral content (BMC) at both spine and total body was significantly associated with VDR gene alleles. BMC was highest for the bb allele, lowest for BB, and intermediate for Bb. A similar association was noted between allele and body size variables, particularly weight. When BMC was adjusted for body weight, the association with VDR polymorphism disappeared. The VDR gene polymorphism may be affecting bone mass not through classical nutritional mechanisms (e.g., intestinal calcium absorption), but through an influence on body size.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298438
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ARDS in patients with thermal injury (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 1231-1236 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Adult respiratory distress syndrome ; Mechanical ventilation ; Thermal injury ; Burn ; Inhalation injury ; Incidence ; Time to onset
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine the time to onset of the adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with thermal injury requiring mechanical ventilation. Secondarily, to consider the burn-related risk factors, demographics, incidence, and mortality for ARDS in this population.¶Design: Retrospective chart review; ARDS defined according to the American-European Consensus Conference and the Lung Injury Severity Score definitions.¶Setting: Regional, tertiary referral, adult burn unit in a university teaching hospital.¶Patients and participants: Patients with thermal injury requiring mechanical ventilation, admitted between 1 January 1991 and 28 February 1995.¶Interventions: None.¶Measurements and results: Of 469 consecutive admissions, 126 (26.9 %) received intubation and mechanical ventilation. ARDS was defined according to the American-European Consensus and Lung Injury Severity Score (score 〉 2.5) definitions. The mean time to onset of ARDS from admission to the burn unit was 6.9 ± 5.2 and 8.2 ± 10.7 days when defined by the American-European Consensus and Lung Injury Severity Score definitions respectively (p = 0.41). Of the intubated patients, 53.6 and 45.2 % developed ARDS according to the American-European Consensus and Lung Injury Severity Score definitions, respectively (p = 0.19). Using multivariate logistic analysis, only age proved to be an independent risk factor for the development of ARDS (p = 0.03), although there was a trend toward an increased incidence of inhalation injury in patients with ARDS. Mortality was not significantly greater (41.8 vs 32.2 %) in those with ARDS compared to those without (p = 0.27).¶Conclusions: According to the American-European Consensus Conference and the Lung Injury Severity Score definitions, ARDS is common in the adult burn population and has a delayed onset compared to most critical care populations. We found age to be a major predisposing factor for ARDS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00003763
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection for weight gain in mice at two ages and under ad libitum and restricted feeding (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 415-423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mice ; Selection ; Gain ; Feed restriction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Direct and correlated responses in weight gain and body weights were assessed for nine generations of within-family selection. Four selection criteria were used: gain between 28 and 38 or 48 and 58 days of age, and under two feeding regimes, i.e. ad libitum consumption or 80% of the control line. Direct responses to selection and realized heritabilities in the ad libitum lines were greater in the first period. Weight gain under ad libitum feeding at later ages appeared to have a lower genetic variability. In the restricted lines the responses and realized heritabilities were higher in the second period. Selection under restricted feeding in both periods led to animals that had lower weight gains than the control line when compared under ad libitum feeding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276744
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Selection for weight gain in mice at two ages and under ad libitum and restricted feeding (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 424-431 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Mice ; Selection ; Body composition ; Gain
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Correlated responses in feed efficiency, feed consumption and body composition were investigated after nine generations of selection for weight gain in two age intervals, 28 to 38 or 48 to 58 days old, and under ad libitum feed consumption or intake restricted to 80% of the control lines. Correlated responses in feed efficiency and feed consumption in the ad libitum lines were positive in the early period and negative in the late period. Restricted lines had a positive response in feed efficiency and a negative response in consumption in both periods of selection. Changes in body composition in the early period were the same in all selected lines: a lower crude protein percentage at the start of the period and a lower ash percentage at the end of the period. Body composition at the start of the late period was not altered by selection, while at the end of the period ad libitum lines had higher dry matter percentages and restricted lines had lower fat and higher ash percentages. Body composition at 100 days old was not affected by selection except for dry matter percent, which was lower in the restricted lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276745
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental maternal influences on body composition in mice selected for body weight (1979)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 55 (1979), S. 209-223 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Maternal effects ; Body composition ; Selection ; Growth ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The effect of the postnatal maternal environment, simulated by rearing mice in litters of three, six or nine, on body weight and body composition was investigated in three lines of mice differing widely in growth rate. The lines were selected for high (H6) and low (L6) 6-week body weight while the control line was maintained by random selection. Body weight and weights and percentages of ether extract, water, ash and protein at 21, 42, 63 and 84 days were recorded. With few exceptions, there were positive correlated responses to selection in body weight and in weights of body components. At 21 and 42 days the correlated responses were larger in L6 mice than in H6 mice. Body weight and weights of body components were larger for mice reared in litters of three than for those reared in litters of nine. Also, mice reared in litters of six were intermediate in body weight and weights of some of the body components between those reared in litters of three and nine. Differences in body weight and weights of body components due to postnatal maternal environment were small by comparison with differences due to genetic line. There were significant line by maternal environment interactions in body weight at 21 days and in ether extract weight at 21 and 63 days. Line and maternal environment differences in percentages of body components did not follow any consistent trend. The results for percentages of body components were further complicated by line x maternal environment interactions. In general, both line and postnatal maternal environmental differences in percentages of body components diminished with age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00268115
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entrainment of Intestinal Slow Waves with Electrical Stimulation Using Intraluminal Electrodes (2000)
    Springer
    Annals of biomedical engineering 28 (2000), S. 582-587 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-9686
    Keywords: Gastrointestinal Motility ; Intestinal pacing ; Electrical stimulation ; Electromyography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate whether the intestinal stimulation would be feasible using a less invasive method: intraluminal electrodes. The study was performed in nine healthy hound dogs (15–26 kg). Four pairs of electrodes were implanted on the serosa of the jejunum at an interval of 5 cm with the most proximal pair 35 cm beyond the pylorus. An intestinal fistula was made 20 cm beyond the pylorus. Simultaneous recordings of intestinal myoelectrical activity were made for 2 h in the fasting state from both intraluminal and serosal electrodes. Various pacing parameters were tested. The frequency of the intestinal slow wave recorded from the intraluminal electrodes was identical to that from the serosal electrodes $$\left( {18.78 \pm 0.3{cpm vs 18}{.75} \pm {0}{.3cpm, }r = 0.99} \right)$$ , p 〈 0.001), and so was the percentage of normal 17–22 cycles/min waves (95.8±33.9% vs 98.16±1.33%, r=0.96, p〈0.01).p 〈 0.01). A complete entrainment of the intestinal slow wave was achieved in every dog with electrical stimulation using intraluminal ring electrodes. The effective pacing parameters were pulse width of 70 ms, amplitude of 4 mA and frequency of 1.1 IF (intrinsic frequency). The time required for the entrainment of the intestinal slow wave with intraluminal pacing was 25.0±2.1s. The maximum driven frequency was found to be 1.43±0.01 IF. The results reveal that intraluminal pacing is an effective and efficient method for the entrainment of intestinal slow waves. It may become a potential approach for the treatment of intestinal motor disorders associated with myoelectrical abnormalities. © 2000 Biomedical Engineering Society. PAC00: 8754Dt, 8719Ff, 8717Nn
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1114/1.294
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