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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evolution of spinal bone loss and biochemical markers of bone remodeling after menopause in normal women (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 105-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Menopause ; Bone loss ; Osteoporosis ; Bone densitometry ; Biochemical markers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The main objective of this study was to describe longitudinal patterns of spinal bone loss in normal women who undergo a natural menopause. The second objective was to determine if a proportion of women suffer excessively rapid postmenopausal bone loss from the spine. If this was the case it was the aim to devise a means of predicting the women at excess risk; but if all women lost bone at similar rates, the aim was to document changing loss rates over the first 5–8 postmenopausal years. Responding women in six suburban general practices recalled for cervical smears who had their last menstrual period 9–36 months previously were invited to participate in a longitudinal study of bone loss and the biochemical markers plasma osteocalcin and urinary hydroxyproline. Sixty-four subjects agreed to participate, a response rate of 80%. In the ensuing 5 years, six received hormone replacement therapy and are not reported on. The main outcome measures were rates of spinal bone loss over 5 years, measured by dual photon absorptiometry, and radial bone loss over the first 2 years measured to quantitative computed tomography. Spinal bone loss was similar between individuals, with 94% of the variability in the data being accounted for by a statistical model that assumed parallel rates of bone loss. A less restrictive model allowing women to have different rates of spinal bone loss accounted for 12% more of the remaining variance in the data than the previous model. However, rates of radial bone loss were more dissimilar between women than rates of spinal loss. The results of the biochemical data collected serially showed that the plasma osteocalcin rose slowly to a plateau at 5 years postmenopause; in contrast, the hydroxyproline fell progressively with time over the whole period of study. These results were interpreted as being consistent with diminishing rates of bone destruction which gradually reequilibrated with bone formation as time passed after menopause.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298429
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Golgi study of the opossum ventral basal complex (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 177 (1983), S. 277-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The morphology of neurons in the ventral basal complex (VBC) of the adult opossum (Didelphis virginiana) is described from thick coronal brain sections, using Golgi-, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-, and Nissl-staining methods. Soma cross-sectional area, dendritic field shape, and the number of appendages (spines) in a defined major branch zone (MBZ) are quantified and statistically analyzed. Results indicate that neurons in opossum VBC have relatively large cell bodies, dendrites which branch in a tufted pattern, and numerous dendritic appendages. These neurons are designated as relay cells because of (1) their tufted dendritic branch patterns, considered characteristic of thalamic relay cells (Ramon-Moliner, '62), and (2) the similarity of their soma sizes with HRP-labeled somata after somatosensory cortical injections. Neurons with traditionally described interneuron morphology do not appear to be present in the VBC of this animal, and, in this respect, the neuronal morphology of opossum VBC is similar to that in rat (McAllister and Wells, '81).Based on statistical analysis of the structural features observed, the presumed relay cells in opossum VBC do not show significant differences in morphology, and consequently are not subdivided into classes. Opossum VBC neurons are recognized as forming a single category in which broad and continuous variations in morphology are indicated. Recognition of a singular class of relay cell is consistent with descriptions for rat and cat VBC (Scheibel and Scheibel, '66), but at variance with a previous report for the primate Galago VBC (Pearson and Haines, '80) subdividing thalamic relay cells into Types I, II, and intermediate categories.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051770306
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Permeability of human venous endothelial cell monolayers perfused in microcarrier cultures: Effects of flow rate, thrombin, and cytochalasin D (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 149 (1991), S. 88-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We have applied a multiple isotope dilution technique to examine junctional permeability of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) in vitro. Primary cultures were grown to confluence on porous Cytodex-3 microcarrier beads, packed into 0.3 ml columns (3 × 106 cells) and perfused at varying flow rates (0.3-1.2 ml/min) with HEPES-buffered Tyrodes solution containing unlabeled cyanocobalamin, insulin, and albumin. Columns were challenged periodically with mixtures of radioactive tracers of different molecular size. Permeability to 22Na+, [57Co]cyanocobalamin (1.3 kD), [125l]insulin (6 kD) or [125l]albumin (66 kD) was assessed relative to [131l]lgG (160 kD, impermeant reference tracer) by comparing column elution profiles. Although the single passage extraction of [125l]albumin by beads alone approximated 40%, the presence of confluent HUVEC rendered these beads effectively impermeable to albumin. High junctional extractions were measured for cyanocobalamin (0.79 ± 0.02, n = 28) and insulin (0.51 ± 0.05, n = 14) in cultures perfused at 0.3-0.4 ml/min, and tracer extraction decreased as perfusion rates increased. Permeability coefficients for cyanocobalamin (9.66 × 10-5 cm/s) and insulin (4.18 × 10-5 cm/s) increased significantly during perfusion with thrombin (10 U/ml) or cytochalasin D (1 μg/ml), whereas permeability to albumin (0.39 × 10-5 cm/s) remained unchanges. Morphological studies, using the glycocalyx stain ruthenium red, revealed that thrombin or cytochalasin D increased the penetration of the stain into junctions between endothelial cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041490112
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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