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  • Chemical Engineering  (2)
  • Bone plating  (1)
  • Drugs  (1)
  • EFPC  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outcome predictors in pregnant opiate and polydrug users (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 158 (1999), S. 748-749 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Opiate ; Drugs ; Pregnancy ; Neonatal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A retrospective case note study of 93 women was performed in order to assess the effect of maternal factors on neonatal outcome in a group of women attending a specialist clinic for pregnant drug users. There were no significant differences in outcome for chaotic drug users compared with non-chaotic drug users, or for cocaine users compared with non-cocaine using drug users. Women who reduced their methadone dose during pregnancy delivered babies of significantly higher birth weight than those whose methadone dose remained the same or increased (median 3027 g, range 1780–3629 g vs 2645 g, range 580–3720 g). Women who abused benzodiazepines during pregnancy produced babies of significantly lower birth weight than those women who did not use benzodiazepines (median 2100 g, range 580–3520 g vs 2767 g, range 1530–3720 g). Conclusion The results of this study give healthcare staff evidence to use in encouraging drug-using women to avoid benzodiazepines during pregnancy and to reduce their methadone dosage. The treatment received from a specialist clinic may mitigate against some of the other recognised effects of drug use during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004310051193
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential expression of biomarkers in Bluegill Sunfish exposed to contaminated sediment (1992)
    Springer
    Ecotoxicology 1 (1992), S. 45-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3017
    Keywords: biomarkers ; Bluegill ; sediment ; pollution ; EFPC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The temporal expression of various biological rsponses was determined in Bluegill SunfishLepomis macrochirus exposed under controlled laboratory conditions to sediment containing high concentrations of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls and heavy metals. Liver, gill, blood, kidney, brain, spleen and intestine were removed from Sunfish sampled at 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, and 40 weeks post-exposure. Biomarker data were recorded for specific proteins, enzymatic activities, DNA integrity, and histopathology. Biomarkers in the laboratory exposed fish were similar to those of indigenous Sunfish sampled from the site of origin of the contaminated sediment. Several patterns of development of biomarkers over time were also evident. For example, the responses of certain biomarkers are not time-dependent (i.e., intestine and gill ATPase activities) while that of others, such as brain ATPase activity, liver cytochrome P450 and NADPH content, stress proteins, chromatin proteins and DNA strand breaks, fluctuate over time. Still other biomarkers, such as EROD activity, zinc protoporphyrin content of the blood, and DNA adducts, showed marked increases over time. Such patterns need to be considered when comparing laboratory and field results and deciding which biomarkers to use for biomonitoring programs. Implications for natural selection and population/community level responses are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00702655
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mixing of granular materials in slowly rotated containers (1996)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 42 (1996), S. 3351-3363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Noncohesive granular materials in slowly rotated containers mix by discrete avalanches; such a process can be described mathematically as a mapping of avalanching wedges. A natural decomposition is thus proposed: a geometrical part consisting of a mapping wedge → wedge, which captures large-scale aspects of the problem; a dynamical part confined to the avalanche itself, which captures details emanating from differences in size/density/morphology. Both viewpoints are developed and comparisons with experiments are used to verify the predictions of the models. In this article, we develop a model of granular mixing and show how to extend the model in order that it may: (1) handle complicated geometries, (2) be applicable for 3-D mixers, (3) rapidly test mixing enhancement strategies, and (4) incorporate differences in particle properties. In addition, an optimal fill level is determined for several 2-D mixing geometries, and a novel hybrid - geometrical/dynamical - computational technique is proposed. By merging the geometrical and dynamical viewpoints, this technique reduces the computational time of a typical molecular-dynamics-type simulation by a factor of 15. The ultimate goal is to provide fundamental understanding and tools for the rational design and optimization of granular mixing devices.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690421207
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Charged membrabe ultrafiltration of inorganic ions in single annd multi-salt systems (1974)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 20 (1974), S. 1206-1212 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An experimental study of the ultrafiltratin of several ionic inorganic soluted, using a negatively-charged membrane, is detailed. Both single salt and multi-salt systems are investigated in a continuous flow, thin chappel unit, with and average transmembrane pressure difference of 2.76 × 105N/m2 and a channel Reynolds number of 2800, The solute rejection is predictable to some extent in terms of Donnan ion exclusion theory, and the water flux is dictated by the combined effects of osmotic pressure and membrane-cation interaction.In the single salt experiments, the anion rejections can be related to the inlet (feet) concentration by power functions of the form: rejection = 1 - K Cia, in which 0 〈 a 〈 1.0. The power a is 0.4 chloride salts 0.25 fo monovalent oxyanion salts, and 0.1 fir divalent oxynion salts, but a is indepedent of the cationn present (Na+, Ca2+, or La3+). The constant K is generally a function of both the anion (except in the case of SO42-, HPO42-, and CrO42-) and the cation, being determined by such factors as sistance to water flux is found to depend on cation charge and cation radius. For systems containing two or more salts, the presence of a divalent anion decreses the rejection of the monovalent anion. For multi-salt systems, a rejection of Ca2+ plus Mg2+ of 0.82 and a water flux of 12.9 × 10-4 cm/s (27.2 gal/ft2-day) are achieved at a transmembrane pressure difference of 4.10 × 105 N/m2 (4.1atm), indicating that the process has considerable potential for industrial water softening.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690200622
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in long-bone structural properties during the first 8 weeks of plate implantation (1984)
    Hoboken, NJ [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Orthopaedic Research 2 (1984), S. 80-89 
    Details
    ISSN: 0736-0266
    Keywords: Bone plating ; Strain shielding ; Remodeling ; Rigidity ; Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The midplate structural rigidities of metal- and plastic-plated intact canine femora were experimentally determined after initial plate application and 8 weeks after in vivo implantation. Composite beam theory significantly overestimated the bending rigidities of the metal-plated bones. The rigidities of the plastic-plated bones were nearly identical to that of the isolated bone, as composite beam theory predicted. Plating with either plate increased the intracortical porosity and caused the deposition of periosteal new bone, which was greater with plastic than with metal plates. The increased rigidities provided by the attachment of the metal plates and, hence, the degree of bone strain shielding were variable. Platings for 8 weeks which provided little strain shielding with either metal or plastic plates caused an increase in bone flexural rigidity (measured after plate removal) with respect to the contralateral control. Platings that provided increasing amounts of strain shielding caused a decreasing midplate bone rigidity (measured after plate removal) and increasing bone deposition at the outer screws. These findings suggest that the surgical implantation of any plate (metal or plastic) will provide a net stimulus to bone formation and consequently increased bone structural rigidity, even though intracortical porosity is increased. If the plate significantly reduces the normal loads borne by the bone, however, there is a net stimulus to remove bone, resulting in a loss of midplate structural rigidity within 8 weeks of implantation.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jor.1100020113
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