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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 63 (1992), S. 531-535 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Human skin ; Temperature sensation ; Vibration exposure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The temporary threshold shift of temperature sensation due to vibration exposure was studied to clarify the significance of frequency and acceleration on it. The discrete frequencies of the vibrations tested were 32, 63, 125, 250 and 500 Hz, and the accelerations were at the level of 2, 4, 8 and 16 g. The threshold shift of warm sensation (TTSw) was markedly, but that of cool sensation was small and not significantly different from the control value. TTSw increased with a rise in the level of acceleration and was largest at 125 Hz among the frequencies examined. The most effective frequency among the vibrations tested for warm sensation was inferred to be lower than that for vibratory sensation. After exposure, TTSw or the increment of the neutral zone decayed exponentially but bounced slightly in the later period. These patterns of TTSw are similar to those of the vibration-induced TTS of vibratory sensation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 68 (1996), S. 255-261 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Vibratory sensation ; Local vibration exposure ; Temporary threshold shift ; Broad-band vibration ; Vibration syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight healthy subjects were exposed to three 1/3 octave-band vibrations (63, 200, and 500 Hz) by hand clasping a vibrated handle in a soundproof and thermoregulated room. The vibratory sensation threshold at 125 Hz was measured before and after the vibration exposure at an exposed fingertip. According to a preceding study, we first determined the relationship between the acceleration of the vibration and the temporary threshold shift of vibratory sensation immediately after the vibratory exposure (TTSv, 0) induced by 1/3 octave-band vibration. We then measured TTSv after the exposure to a composite vibration composed of two 1/3 octave-band vibrations that might induce an equal magnitude of TTSv, 0 on the basis of the above relationship. The TTSv, 0 induced by the composite vibration was not larger than the TTSv, 0 induced by the component vibrations. This result suggests that the component of the vibration inducing the largest TTSv, 0 determines the TTSv, 0 by broad-band random vibration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International archives of occupational and environmental health 68 (1996), S. 255-261 
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Key words Vibratory sensation ; Local vibration exposure ; Temporary threshold shift ; Broad-band vibration ; Vibration syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Eight healthy subjects were exposed to three 1/3 octave-band vibrations (63, 200, and 500 Hz) by hand clasping a vibrated handle in a soundproof and thermoregulated room. The vibratory sensation threshold at 125 Hz was measured before and after the vibration exposure at an exposed fingertip. According to a preceding study, we first determined the relationship between the acceleration of the vibration and the temporary threshold shift of vibratory sensation immediately after the vibratory exposure (TTSv,0) induced by 1/3 octave-band vibration. We then measured TTSv after the exposure to a composite vibration composed of two 1/3 octave-band vibrations that might induce an equal magnitude of TTSv,0 on the basis of the above relationship. The TTSv,0 induced by the composite vibration was not larger than the TTSv,0 induced by the component vibrations. This result suggests that the component of the vibration inducing the largest TTSv,0 determines the TTSv,0 by broad-band random vibration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1246
    Keywords: Human skin ; Vibratory sensation Vibration exposure ; Threshold shift ; Acute effect
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A new, self-recording, vibratory sensation meter measures temporary threshold shifts of vibratory sensation (TTSv) on a finger tip. After exposure to hand-transmitted vibration with exposure frequencies 63 Hz, 200 Hz and 500 Hz, and levels of acceleration 1 g, 2 g, 4 g and 8 g, fingertip measurements were obtained. Temporary threshold shift immediately after the vibratory exposure (TTSVv,0) was estimated for each exposure from the regression analysis by approximation of an exponential function. Time constant (tc) was also estimated at the same time by the analysis. The coefficients of determination were large. Thus, the fit of the exponential function is very good for each exposure. The tc corresponds to the recovering velocity of the temporary shift and implies the half-life period of TTSv. These parameters enable us to examine more generally the relationships of TTSv to the characteristics of exposure vibration, subject and other conditions. On this basis, the estimated TTSv,0 and tc were used to examine the dependency of TTSv on the characteristics of the exposure vibration and the subject. The most effective frequency under the level of 4 g is thought to be between 200 Hz and 500 Hz. TTSv,0 of each subject proportionally increased with power of acceleration. The coefficient of determination on regression analysis was large. This result enables us to estimate TTSv,0 at an arbitrary level of acceleration by use of a regression equation derived from experimental data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 26 (1987), S. 625-632 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The effect of LiCl, NaCl, and CsCl as univalent salts, and of CaCl2, ZnCl2, and MgCl2 as divalent salts, on the α and antiparallel β-sheet, and random conformations of poly(L-lysine) (PLL), in water at room temperature were examined by means of CD and compared quantitatively on the basis of elliptical strength at the maximal peak. Changes in the α-helical and antiparallel β-sheet helical conformations of PLL were markedly dependent on the salt concentrations of LiCl, NaCl, and CsCl, which induced decreases in negative intensity in that order. The CD spectrum of the random conformation, the most disordered form, displayed positive cotton effect in concentrations of these salts up to 3.0M and a negative peak in concentrations of 6.0M. The effect of these salts on the random conformation of PLL was stronger than that on the α- and β-conformations in higher concentrations. The CD spectrum of the random conformation in the presence of CaCl2, ZnCl2, and MgCl2, on the other hand, showed negative cotton effect in salt concentrations as low as 3.0M. It was impossible, however, to measure the effect on α- and β-conformations of ZnCl2 and MgCl2 above concentrations of 10 mM because of a solubility problem with salts in alkaline solution.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1075-4261
    Keywords: brain microsomal membranes ; fatty acids ; learning behavior ; FTIR ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: We measured the Fourier transform infrared spectra of brain microsomal membranes prepared from rats fed under two dietary oil conditions with and without brightness-discrimination learning tasks: one group fed α-linolenate deficient oil (safflower oil) and the other group fed the sufficient oil (perilla oil) from mothers to offspring. The infrared spectra of microsomes under the two dietary conditions without the learning task showed no significant difference in the range 1000-3000 cm-1. Only after the learning task were the infrared spectral differences noted between the microsomal membranes from both groups. Spectral differences were observed mainly in the absorption bands of fatty acid ester at around 1730 cm-1 (sn-2 position), those of phosphate and oligosaccharides in the range of 1050-1100 cm-1, and a band at around 1145 cm-1. The infrared band of fatty acid ester at the sn-2 position in the microsomal membrane shifted to a longer wavenumber position in the perilla oil group than in the safflower oil group, suggesting a difference between both groups in hydrogen bonding of the fatty acid ester with water. A band observed at 1055 cm-1 and a small band at around 1145 cm-1 in the second derivative spectrum decreased in intensity in the perilla oil group after learning task. These bands were assigned mainly to the oligosaccharide C - O bond in hydroxyl groups that might interact with some other membrane components. These results suggest changes in hydration of membrane surface and modification in oligosaccharide environment (removal or modification) of microsomes, which may be correlated in part with dietary oil-induced changes in learning performance. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biospectroscopy 3: 281-290, 1997
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 15 (1981), S. 553-563 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: With a view to developing biomaterials for semipermanent substitution, we have studied a composite material constituted with collagen and a synthetic polymer which possesses high tissue compatibility. This collagen - synthetic polymer composite was applied as a support for immobilization of enzymes for the purpose of providing a material surface with biological function. The enzymes, urokinase and trypsin, were successfully bound to the collagen membrane layer which had been activated by acyl azide formation of its carboxyl groups. The enzyme-bearing composite material showed excellent catalytic activity toward a protein substrate as well as a low-molecular-weight synthetic substrate. The immobilized urokinase was characterized enzymatically and compared with native urokinase. The apparent affinity of immobilized urokinase for the substrate was slightly decreased, but its intrinsic kinetic properties were not significantly affected. No decrease in its esterase activity was observed both on repeated use and on long-term storage, and its fibrinolytic activity was stable on heat or disinfection treatment. When this urokinase-bearing composite material was applied into rabbit blood vessels, its in vivo fibrinolytic activity was maintained. Thus, enzyme - collagen - synthetic polymer composites may find wide application for biomaterials and artificial organs as functional biomaterials.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 1115-1130 
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: In order to study the effects of factors governing the bioabsorption rate of polylactides, implantation tests were carried out in rabbits using various samples (20 × 10 × 2 mm3) differing in their chemical composition, residual monomer content, and molecular orientation. Copolymer samples with a higher lactic acid content showed a lower rate of absorption, whereas those with a higher unreacted monomer content were absorbed faster and showed a more drastic decrease in molecular weight. In contrast, degradation of the purified polymers was slow; the purified poly-L-lactide showed no weight change and a 50% reduction in molecular weight after 6 months of implantation. Scanning electron microscopy of the samples containing monomers showed a microporous structure extending from the surface to the inner region a few days after implantation, whereas the purified poly-L-lactide did not exhibit a microporous structural change even after 10 months of implantation.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 14 (1980), S. 92-97 
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sum-over-states perturbation and finite perturbation calculations, within the ‘Solvaton’ model, are presented for the variation of some 17O and 19F chemical shifts as a function of the dielectric constant of the medium. In general, the nuclear screening and charge are predicted to increase as the dielectric constant increases. The effects of hydrogen bonding are included by means of minimum energy dimer models in some of the sum-over-states calculations.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 12 (1974), S. 221-224 
    ISSN: 0360-6384
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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