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  • Sebum secretion  (2)
  • Carbon monoxide  (1)
  • Ceramides  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Cyproterone acetate ; Ethinyl estradiol ; Sebum secretion ; Sebum composition ; Linoleic acid ; Acne
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of high-dose cyproterone acetateethinyl estradiol treatment on rates of sebum secretion and on the proportions of linoleic acid (18∶2Δ9,12) and sebaleic acid (18∶2Δ5,8) in the skin surface lipids of three female acne patients was examined. Changes in rates of sebum secretion were evaluated indirectly by measuring the ratio of wax esters/(cholesterol +cholesterol esters) in the subjects' skin surface lipid. In two of the subjects, this ratio indicated a reduction of sebum secretion rates to the childhood range. Concomitantly, there was an increase in linoleic acid and a decrease in sebaleic acid in all lipid classes. In the third subject, in whom there was only a small reduction in sebum secretion rate, the proportion of linoleic acid in the cholesterol esters more than doubled, but the changes in the other lipid classes were small or nonexistent. The results indicate that the proportions of linoleic acid and sebaleic acid in sebum are influenced by sebum secretion rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-055X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Atemkalk ; Kohlenmonoxid ; Halothan ; Enfluran ; Isofluran ; Key words Soda lime ; Carbon monoxide ; Halothane ; Isoflurane ; Enflurane
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract In the presence of completely dry soda lime volatile anaesthetics will decompose to carbon monoxide (CO). In an in vitro study, the absorbent (soda lime, ICI) was dried with a constant gas flow of 1 l/min oxygen for 120 h. The weight loss during the drying was 17.1%. Two vol% of halothane, enflurane or isoflurane in oxygen was administered with a constant flow of 0.5 l/min oxygen through the completely dry absorbent. Concentrations of gases were measured before and after the absorbent using mass spectrometry (MGA 1100, Perkin-Elmer) and an electrochemical NO monitor (Mini PAC CO, Dräger). The temperature inside the soda lime was monitored continuously. Shortly after adding the anaesthetic to the oxygen passing through the absorbent, carbon monoxide appeared in the outlet of the soda lime container. The measured peak concentrations varied around 450 ppm (halothane), 3500 ppm (enflurane) and 3800 ppm (isoflurane).The temperature inside the absorbent rose from the ambient temperature (19.8 °C) to a maximum of 52.1 °C during CO production and decreased when the CO production lowered after approximately 1 h (all anaesthetics). During CO production no measurable concentration of halothane left the absorber. After passing through the absorbent the concentrations of isoflurane and enflurane were slightly lower than the corresponding concentrations in the fresh gas measured before absorption.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Volatile Anästhetika werden an trockenem Atemkalk teilweise zu Kohlenmonoxid umgesetzt. Im Laborexperiment wurde frischer, ungebrauchter Atemkalk mit einem konstanten Flow von 1 l/min Sauerstoff über 120 h getrocknet. Der Gewichtsverlust durch Trocknung betrug 17,1%. Halothan, Enfluran und Isofluran wurden in Konzentrationen von jeweils 2 Vol.-% in 0,5 l/min Sauerstoff durch den trockenen Atemkalk geleitet. Unmittelbar nach Einleiten der Anästhetika wurde im Atemkalk Kohlenmonoxid gebildet. Die geringsten Konzentrationen wurden unter Halothan (400 ppm) bestimmt. Bedeutend mehr CO fiel bei der Reaktion zwischen Atemkalk und Enfluran (3500 ppm) bzw. Isofluran (3800 ppm) an. Im Atemkalk kam es während der CO-Produktion zu einem Anstieg der Temperatur bis auf 52,1 °C. Während dieser Phase wurde Halothan, nicht aber Enfluran oder Isofluran, vollständig vom Atemkalk absorbiert. Inspiratorische CO-Konzentrationen von 4000 ppm können bereits nach kurzer Expositionsdauer zu einer klinisch relevanten COHb-Bildung führen. Um der Gefahr einer Carboxyhämoglobinbildung entgegenzuwirken, muß die akzidentelle Austrocknung des Atemkalks deshalb unbedingt vermieden werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 277 (1985), S. 284-287 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Desquamation ; Epidermal lipids ; Ceramides ; Cholesteryl sulfate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The ceramides and steryl-sulfate components from desquamated and cohesive human stratum corneum were examined using a combination of chemical and chromatographic means. Six structurally distinct series of ceramides were identified, and the relative amounts of these species, as measured by quantitative thin-layer chromatography, did not differ in cohesive and desquamated stratum corneum. In contrast, the level of cholesteryl sulfate was significantly reduced in the desquamated material. The results are in accord with the hypothesis that cholesteryl sulfate serves in cell-to-cell cohesion within the stratum corneum, and its hydrolysis may be necessary to permit shedding of cells from the surface.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 279 (1987), S. 266-269 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Sebum secretion ; Bentonite method ; Thin-layer chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sebaceous was ester secretion rates were measured in six subjects on six occasions each, using absorption into bentonite clay and analysis of the collected lipid by quantitative thin-layer chromatography. On each occasion eight samples were collected, four from the left and four from the right side of the forehead in four successive intervals. The first two intervals, which totaled 14 h, were intended to deplete the follicular reservoir of sebum so that a constant rate of absorption could be obtained during the third and fourth intervals, which were 3 h each. Thin-layer analysis of each sample was done in triplicate. The data were examined using analysis of variance techniques to determine the reproducibility of the measurement method and to identify possible sources of variability. The intraclass correlation coefficient (r 1) for all 432 post-depletion determinations was 0.80. The reproducibility was considerably better for three of the subjects (r 1=0.93) than for the other three (r 1=0.75). Variability within the latter three subjects did not seem to be attributable to lack of reproducibility in the thinlayer analysis. Real biological variability also seems unlikely considering the holocrine mechanisms of sebum secretion. Therefore, the variability probably arises from non-representative collection of sebum into the bentonite absorbent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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