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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of the guinea-pig trachea at rest and in contraction (1988)
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 178 (1988), S. 389-397 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Guinea-pig ; Trachea ; Airway ; Smooth muscle ; Cartilage ; Elastic fibres ; Collagen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The trachea of the guinea-pig measures about 47.5 mm in situ, and it shrinks to 38 mm when excised. It can be stretched to the in situ length with a load of 2–4 grams. The transverse area of its lumen measures about 4.5 mm2 in the cervical portion, whereas in the lowermost thoracic portion it measures 2.8 mm2, a difference of 37%. The lumen has an oval shape with the transverse diameter always exceeding the sagittal diameter. The separation between the ends of a cartilage in the dorsal region of the trachea is greater in the cervical than in the thoracic region. Elastic fibres are abundant in the tunica propria and run longitudinally; the collagen is in some areas arranged with a criss-cross pattern. The muscle is inserted on the concave aspect of each cartilage at some distance from the ends of the cartilage and it is therefore much longer than the gap between cartilage ends. Upon contraction in vitro (induced by carbachol) the muscle shortens by about 50%; there is a marked decrease of the transverse diameter of the trachea, and a certain decrease also of the sagittal diameter due to a straightening of the muscle and a change in shape and a movement of the mucosa. The cartilage ends are brought together and in the thoracic region they are bent and overlap extensively. The lumen of the trachea becomes circular and its area is reduced to 2.2 mm2 in the cervical portion and 1.7 mm2 in the thoracic portion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306045
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Chlorierung von N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultamenHerrn Prof. Dr. J. Ulbricht zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1984)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 326 (1984), S. 545-555 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: About Chlorination of N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultamesThe sultames of structure 1 are easily chlorinated by sulfurylchloride, chlorine or tertbutylhypochlorite. The structure of the mono-(2a-c,3a, d), di-(4a-d), tri- (5c, d) and pentachlorosultames (6a, b) is determined by 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopy. Contrary to the bromination the chlorination (by SO2Cl2) starts with the substitution of the sultamring (formation of mono- and di-chlorosultames) followed of the substitution of the (C-4)-CH3- group (formation of trichlorosultames). By 1,4-addition of an other molecule of chlorine to 5 the pentachlorosultames 6a, b are obtained. Already by recrystalisation of 6a, b in an alcohol the chlorine in 4-position is exchanged by the corresponding alkoxy group (CH3O, C2H5O, n-C3H7O) and the compounds 7-9 are formed.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19843260404
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Reaktion von N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultamen mit Tetracyanethylen; 1H-, 13C- und 15N-spektroskopische Charakterisierung der Tetracyan-ethylierungs- und Tricyan-vinylierungsprodukteHerrn Professor Dr. K. Doerffel zum 60. Geburtstag gewidmet (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 327 (1985), S. 627-632 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: About the Reaction of N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultames with Tetracyanoethylene; 1H, 13C and 15N N.M.R. Spectroscopic Charcterization of the Products of Tetracyanethylation and TricyanvinylationThe 4-methyl group in N-aryl-2, 4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1, 4 sultames is C—H-acidic and adds therefore to tetracyanethylene. The adducts easily lose HCN on dissolving in DMSO to form N-aryl-2-methyl-4-(2, 3, 3-tricyanoprop-2-ene-1-ylidene)-but-2-en-1, 4-sultames 4, which form sodium salts at C-1. The structures of the compounds obtained were determined by 13C and 15N n.m.r. spectroscopy.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19853270413
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Iodierung von N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultamen (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 327 (1985), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Iodation of N-Aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultamesBy the iodation of N-aryl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-dien-1,4-sultames 1 with I2/HgO in EtOH/AcOH the 1,2-thiazine ring is substituted. The monosubstitution occurs on the 1-position (1a, d) and the disubstitution on the 1,3-position (3a). By iodine monochloride in CHCl3 the sultames 1a-d were substituted in the (C-2)-CH3 group (4a-d), in contrast also to the results of chlorination and bromination of 1. The structure of the products 2, 3, 4 was proved by 13C-n.m.r. spectroscopic data.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19853270309
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry of Crotononitrile (1998)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 340 (1998), S. 491-505 
    Details
    ISSN: 0941-1216
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19983400602
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Substituenteneffekte und 13C-NMR-chemische Verschiebungen para-substituierter N-Phenyl-2,4-dimethyl-buta-1,3-diensultame-1,4 (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 325 (1983), S. 1030-1032 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Substituent Effects and 13C-NMR Chemical Shifts of para Substituted N-Phenyl-2,4-Dimethyl-buta-1,3-diene-Sultames-1,4
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19833250622
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetics of liquid phase synthesis of methyl tert-butyl ether from tert-butyl alcohol and methanol catalyzed by ion exchange resin (1993)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 25 (1993), S. 825-831 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis of methyl tert-butyl ether (abbreviated as MTBE) from methanol (MeOH) and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA) in the liquid phase was studied by using Amberlyst 15 in the H+ form as an acid catalyst. Experiments were carried out in a stirred batch reactor at different temperatures (313, 318, and 323 K) under atmospheric pressure.It was found that catalyst sizes and rotation speeds had no significant effects on reaction rates. Mechanism studies showed that three reactions took place simultaneously. It was also found that dehydration of TBA could not be neglected. The experimental concentration profiles with time could be simulated well by simple kinetics. Finally, rate constants could be expressed by Arrhenius equations. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550251004
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