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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (76)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (59)
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoarchitecture of the substantia nigra pars lateralis in the opossum (Didelphis virginiana): A correlated light and electron microscopic study (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 241 (1995), S. 563-578 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Substantia nigra ; Basal ganglia ; Cytoarchitecture ; Light microscopy ; Electron microscopy ; Opossum ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The substantia nigra has been divided into three subdivisions. However, the cytoarchitecture of one of these subdivisions, the pars lateralis (SNI), has not been previously examined in detail at the light and electron microscopic levels in any species. In the adult opossum, the three nigral subdivisions can be easily distinguished as distinct, rostrocaudally oriented cell groups separated by neuron-free zones. Thus it was possible to determine the boundaries of the SNI unambiguously. This report covers the results of an examination of the morphology and organization of the SNI in the opossum.Methods: Material from 13 opossums was used for this study. Eight of the animals had been previously stained for Nissl substance (n=4) or impregnated by the Golgi technique (n=4). The remaining five animals were prepared for electron microscopic studies using standard procedures.Results: Two cell types were identified on the basis of morphological differences, small and medium-large neurons. Small neurons (10-18 μm long axis) have large nuclei with moderate amounts of heterochromatin and a thin rim of cytoplasm. They have long (up to 500 μm), spine-free dendrites. Medium-large neurons (18-54 μm long axis) have rounded nuclei with electron-lucent nucleoplasm. Few indentations of the nuclear envelope were observed. The surrounding cytoplasm has dense arrays of organelles. Nissl bodies are particularly prominent in the form of pyramids with their bases at juxtanuclear positions and their apices directed toward emerging dendrites. Dendrites of medium-large neurons are long (some〉1 mm in length), are primarily oriented in the frontal plane, and extend along the dorsal surface of or into the cerebral peduncle. Some cells have dendrites that are moderately spinous, whereas other neurons possess sparsely spinous dendrites. Relatively few synaptic profiles are observed to contact somata and proximal dendrites.Conclusion: This report provides added morphological support for the idea that the SNI is a distinct subdivision of the substantia nigra, a distinction previously made on the basis of the physiologically characterized relationship between the lateral substantia nigra and orienting behaviors and seizure-related function. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092410414
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer of estrogens between rats united in parabiosisSupported in part by a grant from the University of Illinois Research Board, the Graduate College. (1954)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 119 (1954), S. 187-211 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091190205
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of ova in the rat uterusThis work was supported by a grant from the University of Illinois Research Board, The Graduate College. (1962)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 143 (1962), S. 239-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091430308
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strategies of hemopoietic stress adaptation within the medullary cavity (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 216 (1986), S. 528-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Gravimetric determination of total bone water space was used as an index of available bone marrow space in mice following various specific stressors, i.e., splenectomy, hypoxia, bone fracture, and estrone-induced osteosclerosis. Data was corrected for bone weight and was reported as specific bone marrow volume (total bone water space/mg dry bone × 100).A direct relationship was observed between specific bone marrow volume and medullary hemopoietic activity induced by stress. Absolute and/or relative marrow space increased following splenectomy, hypoxia, and fracture. Osteosclerotic animals shift most hemopoietic activity from marrow to spleen, and splenectomized osteosclerotic animals become anemic. Both intact and splenectomized hypoxic animals develop increased specific bone marrow volume and successfully compensate for hypoxia with enhanced erythropoiesis. Animals sustaining a fracture callus increase both specific bone marrow volume and hemopoietic activity at the callus without an increase in hemopoietic demand.Increased specific bone marrow volume extends the marrow bone interface, where primitive stem cells accumulate, while expanding marrow stromal space, where stem cells lodge, proliferate and differentiate. Therefore, it would appear that availability of competent marrow space may play an integral part in passively permitting hematopoiesis and in determining hemopoietic reserve capacity.Stem cell migration increases during intensified hemopoietic demand, which also may be related to available marrow space. Mice have a low medullary hemopoietic reserve capacity; subsequently, when available medullary hematopoietic stroma becomes occupied, stem cells are more likely to migrate from the marrow to extra-medullary sites where they mature before entering the circulating pool.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092160410
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutrophil lactoferrin content: Variation among mammals (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 221 (1988), S. 567-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lactoferrin (Lf) in blood and/or marrow neutrophils was semiquantified using indirect immunofluorescence technique in nine mammalian species. Neutrophil iron-binding reactivity (NFeBR), which corresponds primarily to Lf, was also visualized and semiquantified using functional cytochemical (FeNTA-AF) technique at the light microscopic level in these nine and in an additional fifteen mammalian species, and in selected species at the ultrastructural level. Neutrophil immunoreactive Lf was positively correlated with total cellular and granule content of NFeBR among these nine species, and with previously reported concentrations of neutrophil Lf quantified by radioimmunoassay. Relative levels of Lf in neutrophil extracts from rat, hamster, and human were confirmed using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. Relatively high levels of immunoreactive neutrophil Lf and/or NFeBR were observed in carnivores (ten species) and primates (six species). Among rodents (five species), the levels were variable, and the artiodactyls (four species) studied had low levels. These results demonstrate that neutrophil Lf levels vary widely among mammalian species. In addition, FeNTA-AF technique provides a rapid means of evaluating animals for relative quantities of neutrophil Lf.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092210202
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The renin-angiotensin system in the rat anterior pituitary: Colocalization of renin and angiotensin II in gonadotrophs (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 212 (1985), S. 161-166 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Discovery of components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the adenohypophysis of several species has prompted speculation concerning the location and possible function of a pituitary RAS. Although both renin and angiotensin II have been localized within the rat adenohypophysis, their colocalization has not been previously demonstrated within the same cells. In the present study, immunohistochemical staining by the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex technique was used to demonstrate the coexistence of renin and angiotensin II in adenohypophyseal cells identified morphologically and immunocytochemically as gonadotrophs. These results support the existence of an adenohypophyseal RAS, at least part of which is under intracellular control. The influence of this system on control of fluid balance, blood pressure, and the secretion of other hypophyseal hormones is discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092120209
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear cholesterol content and nucleoside triphosphatase activity are altered in the JCR:LA-cp corpulent rat (1996)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 63 (1996), S. 349-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: hypercholesterolemia ; nuclear membrane ; NTPase ; hyperlipidemia ; obesity ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A nuclear pore complex-associated nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase) activity is believed to provide energy for nuclear export of poly(A)+ mRNA. This study was initiated to determine if nuclear membrane lipid composition is altered during chronic hyperlipidemia, and what effect this has on NTPase activity. The JCR:LA-cp corpulent rat model is characterized by severe hypertriglyceridemia and moderate hypercholesterolemia, and thus represents an ideal animal model in which to study nuclear cholesterol and NTPase activity. NTPase activity was markedly increased in purified hepatic nuclei from corpulent female JCR:LA-cp rats in comparison to lean control rats as a function of assay time, [GTP], [ATP], and [Mg2+]. Nuclear membrane cholesterol and phospholipid content were significantly elevated in the corpulent animals. Nuclei of corpulent animals were less resistant to salt-induced lysis than nuclei of lean animals, suggesting a change in relative membrane integrity. Together, these results indicate that altered lipid metabolism in a genetic corpulent animal model can lead to changes in nuclear membrane lipid composition, which in turn may alter nuclear membrane NTPase activity and integrity. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of the urostyle during metamorphosis in five species of anurans (1979)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 159 (1979), S. 311-329 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Normal development of the urostyle is described during late stages of metamorphosis in five species of anurans: Xenopus laevis (Daudin), Bufo americanus Holbrook, Pseudacris triseriata (Wied), Hyla chrysoscelis Cope, and Rana pipiens Schreber. The developing urostyle of all five species is composed of essentially the same cartilaginous elements: one pair of basidorsals above the notochord and the subtended hypochord. Among the five species there is variation in such details as the number of spinal nerve foramina and the degree of fusion of the basidorsals; however, both the hypochord and basidorsals are very similar in all five genera examined. Consideration of the literature suggests that contradictory descriptions of the developing urostyle result from (1) varied methods of study (alizarin-staining of whole specimens or serial cross-sections), (2) the variety of species examined, and (3) the particular stage of development of the tadpole described by an investigator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051590303
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auditory development in the mouse: Structural maturation of the middle ear (1983)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 176 (1983), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The development of middle-ear structures in the mouse was examined in nine groups of pups between 1 and 45 days of age. The area of the tympanic membrane (pars tensa and pars flaccida), the length of the lever arms of the malleus and incus, the surface area of the oval window, and the volume of the bulla all showed systematic changes during neonatal life. The area of the oval window reached maturity first and the lever arms achieved 90% of their adult size on day 11. The tympanic membrane achieved the same criterion on day 18. These data help us further to understand the processes that contribute to the functional ontogeny of the middle ear.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051760302
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intratendinous ossification in birds: A review (1995)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 226 (1995), S. 47-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Intratendinous ossification (tenostosis; Tendo ossificans) is a distinct structural form feature of the avian musculoskeletal system with different definitions in terms of morphogenesis, resultant morphology, and functional role(s). Interpretation of these structural elements and their pattern(s) among avian taxa at different systematic levels is reviewed with regard to age-related changes in tendon, form features in avian phylogeny, and adaptive features in biomechanics and kinematics of locomotion. Specific examples of patterns in the musculoskeletal elements of the head and hyolingual system, axial (vertebral) system, and the limbs in several avian taxa are given. A series of questions is formulated as a prospectus for further study. © 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1052260105
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