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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (76)
  • Cell & Developmental Biology  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some special aspects of thermal ageing of isotactic polypropylene (measuring method: Isothermal long-term DTA)Vortrag anläßlich des 18. Donauländergesprächs über “Natürliche und künstliche Alterung von Kunststoffen” in Villach (Österreich) vom 24.-26. Juni 1987. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 158 (1988), S. 321-334 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: An Folien (Dicke 100 pm) aus isotaktischem Polypropylen mit verschiedenen Antioxidansgehalten (0,0% bis 0,1%) wird die thermooxidative Alterunq mit der isothermen Langzeit-Differential-Thermo-Analyse (ILDTA) bis zu Temperaturen weit unter dem Kristallitschmelzbereich verfolqt und die Messwerte mit Ergebnissen aus dem Zeitstand-Zugversuch korreliert. Dabei zeigt sich, daß aus Messunqen mit der ILDTA bereits vor Einsetzen der autokatalytischen Zersetzunq sreaktion Ruckschlüsse auf die thermische Vorqeschichte der Proben und Aussagen auf das rnit einem Abfall der mechanischen Eigenschaften verbundene Ende der thermo-oxidativen Stabilität des Polymeren getroffen werden können.Weiters bietet die ILDTA die Moglichkeit, durch den direkten Zusamenhang zwischen Oxidationszeit und Antioxidansögehalt die örtliche Stabilisatorverteilung in Platten und in Folien zu bestimmen und damit Diffusionsvorqange zu verfolgen.
    Notes: Thermo-oxidative ageing processes were investigated in films (100 μm thick) made from isotactic polypropylene with different antioxidant concentrations between 0% and 0.1% using isothermal long-term differential thermal analysis (ILDTA). The end of the oven life of polypropylene coincided with the loss of mechanical properties which was confirmed by tensile tests at temperatures far below the crystallite melting range. Already prior to the beginning of autocatalytic decomposition, ILDTA experiments permits conclusions to be drawn on the thermal history of the specimens and statements made regarding the end of thermo-oxidative stability of the polymer, which is accompanied by a deterioration in the mechanical properties.In consequence of the correlation between oxidation time and antioxidant concentration the local antioxidant concentration in sheets or films can be measured by ILDTA. Thus, investigating the diffusion of an antioxidant in polypropylene using ILDTA is possible.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1988.051580119
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of pressure on the helix-coil transitions of the poly A-poly U system (1966)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 4 (1966), S. 1081-1090 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Studies were made of the influence of hydrostatic pressure on the helix-coil transitions of poly (A + U) and poly (A + 2U). The results were analyzed by a thermodynamic treatment which emphasized the cooperative aspect of the transitions. The helix-to-coil volume changes were found to be small and negative indicating pressure stabilization of the coil form. The significance of the results with respect to other denaturation measurements was discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1966.360041005
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of Ca2+-binding proteins with the carbocyanine dye stains-allThis study was supported by NIH Grant AM 30322-04. (1986)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 25 (1986), S. 1579-1595 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of the carbocyanine dye Stains-all with the Ca2+-binding proteins calmodulin, troponin C, and parvalbumin has been monitored by means of absorption spectra and CD. In the absence of Ca2+, complexes with Stains-all of all three proteins exhibit at high dye: protein mole ratios an intense J absorption band at 600-650 nm, which is associated with a characteristic CD spectrum. In the cases of calmodulin and troponin C, the J-band is progressively lost as the dye: protein ratio decreases and is replaced by bands of the γ and β types at 450-550 nm, which likewise give rise to characteristic CD spectra. For parvalbumin, only the J-band is observed; its intensity is undiminished at the lowest dye: protein ratios examined. In the presence of excess Ca2+ the J-band is lost for all three proteins. For calmodulin and troponin C it is replaced by σ- and β-bands; in the case of parvalbumin the bound dye is released. A tentative model has been proposed to account for these observations.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360250814
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of cyclosporin and calmodulin (1990)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 29 (1990), S. 1005-1014 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The interaction of cyclosporin A and dansyl cyclosporin A with bovine and wheat germ calmodulin has been monitored by measurements of induced changes in dansyl and bound toluidinyl naphthalene sulfonate fluorescence. The interaction is Ca2+-dependent and 1 : 1 Measurements of the efficiency of radiationless energy transfer from bound dansyl cyclosporin A to an acceptor group located on Cys-27 of wheat germ calmodulin suggest that the primary binding site is not located on the N-terminal lobe (residues 1-65). However, studies with proteolytic fragments of calmodulin indicate that elements of the N-terminal half-molecule (residues 1-77) may be involved in the stabilization of the binding site. The binding of cyclosporin alters the physical properties of calmodulin and, in particular, reduces the localized rotational mobility of a fluorescent probe.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360290612
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The use of nanosecond fluorometry in detecting conformational transitions of an allosteric enzyme (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 14 (1975), S. 1933-1949 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Analysis of the time decay of fluorescence of 1-anilino-naphthalene-8-sulfonate bound to phosphorylase b reveals the presence of two components with different decay times. In glycylglycine buffer, pH 7.0, the addition of the activators AMP or IMP, or the conversion to phosphorylase a results in a preferential decrease in the amplitude of the component of longer decay time, arising probably from a preferential dissociation of 1-anilino-naphthalene-8-sulfonate from the corresponding site as a consequence of a change in molecular state.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.1975.360140912
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Properties of the complexes formed by 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate with phosphorylase kinase and calmodulin (1982)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 21 (1982), S. 1411-1425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phosphorylase kinase contains four approximately equivalent binding sites for 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulfonate (1,8-ANS). Measurements of the time decay of fluorescence anisotropy have failed to give any indication of internal degrees of rotational freedom involving a significant portion of the tertiary structure. In the presence of 1 mM Ca2+, calmodulin binds one molecule of 1,8-ANS. No binding occurs in the absence of Ca2+. The binding is strongly temperature-dependent, a decrease in binding occurring with increasing temperature. Determinations of the time decay of fluorescence anisotropy indicate the presence of internal rotations, which become more important with increasing temperature. Complex formation between phosphorylase kinase and calmodulin reduces the binding of 1,8-ANS.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360210710
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of auramine O with calmodulin: Location of the binding site on the connecting strand (1992)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 32 (1992), S. 73-83 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The cationic dye auramine O forms a fluorescent complex with Ca2+-liganded calmodulin. One moderately strong binding site is present, as well as one or more weaker sites. The binding site for auramine O is different from those for toluidinyl-naphthalene sulfonate. The dependence of binding upon electrolyte concentration suggests a substantial electrostatic component of the free energy of binding. The splitting of the bond between residues 77 and 78 by trypsin digestion abolishes auramine O binding; the N- and C-terminal half-molecules have virtually no binding capacity. This suggests that the primary binding site is located near the midpoint of the connecting strand and includes elements of both half-molecules. Thrombin digestion, which splits calmodulin between residues 106 and 107, also substantially reduces auramine O binding; this may be interpreted in terms of the stabilization of the structure of the connecting strand by interaction with residues within binding domain IV. The binding affinity at pH 5.0, where the helical organization of the connecting strand may be intact, is greater than at neutral pH.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bip.360320110
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rührkessel-Reaktoren für Polymer-SynthesenHerrn Professor Dr. Klaus Weissermel zum 60. Geburtstag (1982)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 54 (1982), S. 541-553 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Stirred tank reactors for polymerization. A general survey on stirred tank reactors and cascades of stirred tanks in industrial polymerization (bulk, solution, precipitation, grain and emulsion polymerization) is presented. Special consideration is given to the various designs of both agitator and cooling devices. Scale-up problems arising from the multitude of process functions (homogenisation, suspension, dispersion, promotion of heat transfer) carried out in a stirred vessel are explained and the divers methods of indirect cooling (jacketed tank, internal coil, external heat exchanger) as compared to evaporative cooling are assessed. Finally, safety measures in operating polymerization vessels are discussed.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330540602
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Einfluß von Betriebsparametern auf die Phasengrenzfläche in Blasensäulen-Abstromreaktoren (1984)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 56 (1984), S. 402-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Blasensäulen ; Reaktionsapparate ; Abstromreaktoren ; Grenzfläche ; Mehrphasenströmung ; Betriebsparameter ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330560517
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die vielfältigen additionsprodukte von phenylen-, naphthylen-, biphenylylen- und methylendiphenylendimethacrylaten mit radikalen aus 2,2'-azoisobutyronitrilHerrn Prof. Dr. W. Kern mit allen guten Wünschen zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 1665-1672 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of phenylene, naphthylene, biphenylylene, and methylenediphenylene dimethacrylate (1-4) with 2,2'-azoisobutyronitrile (AIBN) were carried out without solvent, with butyllithium or sodium dihydronaphthylide in solution, and with AIBN in a great excess of refluxing benzene. Besides insoluble (crosslinked) polymers soluble polymers were obtained, among them cyclopolymers of type 9 are present as it was shown by hydrolysis, and subsequent reaction with diazomethane yielding poly(methyl methacrylate). Reactions in high dilution gave products 5 of suppressed polymerisation, of intramolecular head to tail and tail to tail addition of methacrylic acid ester groups of type 6 or 7, respectively, cyclodimers 8, and polymers 10. It was shown that the yield of the different products is influenced by the concentration of the ester, by the mole ratio of ester and AIBN, and by the distance of the phenolic oxygens in the molecule.
    Notes: Die Reaktionen von Phenylen-, Naphthylen-, Biphenylylen- und Methylendiphenylendimethacrylaten (1-4) wurden teils mit 2,2'-Azoisobutyronitril (AIBN) in Substanz oder anionisch in Lösung mit Butyllithium oder Natriumdihydronaphthylid (Naphthalinnatrium), teils mit großem Überschuß an AIBN stark verdünnt in siedendem Benzol durchgeführt. Neben unlöslichen (vernetzten) Polymeren wurden lösliche erhalten, darunter Cyclopolymere vom Typ 9, wie die Ergebnisse der Hydrolyse und anschließende Umsetzung mit Diazomethan zu Poly(methacrylsäure-methylester)n zeigten. Die Verdünnungsreaktion ergab die Produkte 5 der unterdrückten Polymerisation, der innermolekularen Addition mit Kopf/Schwanz- und Schwanz/Schwanz-Verknüpfung der Methacrylsäureestergruppen vom Typ 6 bzw. 7, Cyclodimere 8 und ebenfalls Polymere 10. Es wurde gefunden, daß der Anteil der verschiedenen Produkte von der Esterkonzentration, vom Ester/AIBN-Molverhältnis und vom Abstand der Phenolsauerstoffe in der Molekel beeinflußt wird.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1976.021770604
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