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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene expression and tumor cell escape from host effector mechanisms in murine large cell lymphomaPresented at the ICN/UCLA Symposium “Tumor Progression and Metastasis,” Keystone, April 6-12, 1987. (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 36 (1988), S. 393-403 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; viral antigens ; macrophage cytostasis ; differential gene expression ; mitochondrial genes ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Using in vivo selection methods, we obtained metastatic sublines of the murine RAW 117 large cell lymphoma that form multiple liver metastases. The highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 has a low number of gp70 molecules expressed at the cell surface and low cytostatic sensitivity to activated syngeneic macrophages. This subline was infected with endogenous RNA tumor virus isolated from a high virus-expressing RAW117-P subline of low metastatic potential. After superinfection the H10 subline gradually increased its expression of cell surface gp70 and showed enhanced sensitivity to macrophage-mediated cytostasis, suggesting that gp70 might be involved in host macrophage-mediated surveillance. Culture of RAW117-P and H10 cells in media conditioned by activated macrophages indicated that parental cells are severely growth inhibited in a dose dependent fashion while H10 cells showed almost no effect. Examination of differentially expressed genes in the highly metastatic RAW117-H10 cells by analysis of RNA blots indicated that a mitochondrial gene was expressed at a level that was ∼ 10 times higher in H10 cells than in parental cells. This gene was identified as ND5, which codes for a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase (complex I of the mitochondrial electron transport chain); this complex is the target for an activated macrophage-released cytostatic factor. Among other possibilities, the results are consistent with the suggestion that highly metastatic RAW 117 cells may escape macrophage surveillance by decreasing the synthesis of specific cell-surface receptors for cytostatic molecules and increasing the synthesis of specific cellular targets for such molecules.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240360408
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of metastasis-associated cell surface glycoproteins and mRNA in a murine large cell lymphoma (1986)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 31 (1986), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240310408
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    cDNA cloning of mouse VLA-3 α subunit (1995)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 57 (1995), S. 371-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: integrin ; VLA (very late antigen) ; adhesion molecule ; cDNA cloning ; tissue distribution ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: cDNA clones for mouse VLA (very late antigen)-3 α subunit (α3 integrin) were isolated and sequenced. The encoded mouse α3 integrin subunit was composed of 1,053 amino acid residues. The results of sequence analysis revealed similar structural characteristics to other VLA α subunits. For example, the presence of a large extracellular domain including three putative metal binding sequences, a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic domain. A higher level of its message was detected in thymus than in kidney, stomach, spleen, liver, brain, or lung by Northern blotting analysis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240570221
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heparanases and tumor metastasis (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 36 (1988), S. 157-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: endo-β-D-glucuronidase ; heparan sulfate ; melanoma ; heparin ; serum enzyme ; basement membrane ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The successful penetration of endothelial basement membranes is an important process in the formation of hematogenous tumor metastases. Heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycan is a major constituent of endothelial basement membranes, and we have found that HS-degradative activities of metastatic B16 melanoma sublines correlate with their lung-colonizing potentials. The melanoma HS-degrading enzyme is a unique endo-β-D-glucuronidase (heparanase) that cleaves HS at specific intrachain sites and is detectable in a variety of cultured human malignant melanomas. The treatment of B16 melanoma cells with heparanase inhibitors that have few other biological activities, such as N-acetylated N-desulfated heparin, results in significant reductions in the numbers of experimental lung metastases in syngeneic mice, indicating that heparanase plays an important role in melanoma metastasis. HS-degrading endoglycosidases are not tumor-specific and have been found in several normal tissues and cells. There are at least three types of endo-β-D-glucuronidases based on their substrate specificities. Melanoma heparanase, an Mr ∼96,000 enzyme with specificity for β-D-glucuronosyl-N-acetylglucosaminyl linkages in HS, is different from platelet and mastocytoma endoglucuronidases. Elevated levels of heparanase have been detected in sera from metastatic tumor-bearing animals and malignant melanoma patients, and a correlation exists between serum heparanase activity and extent of metastases. The results suggest that heparanase is potentially a useful marker for tumor metastasis.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240360207
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased content of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in human colorectal carcinoma metastases compared with the primary tumor as determined by an anti-chondroitin-sulfate monoclonal antibody (1988)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 36 (1988), S. 405-416 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: human colorectal cancer ; metastasis ; chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan ; dot-blot analysis ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: To determine if the amount of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG) in human colorectal tumor tissue correlates with the tumor's aggressiveness we immunochemically determined the CSPG levels in colorectal carcinomas at different stages. A total of 50 specimens - 4 polyps, 15 stage B tumors, 9 stage C tumors, 12 stage D tumors, 7 liver metastases, and 3 lymph node metastases - were examined. Tumor tissues were extracted with 4 M guanidine hydrochloride containing protease inhibitors. The extracts were serially diluted and blotted onto nitrocellulose membranes. Reactivity of a chondroitin sulfate-specific mouse monoclonal antibody (CS-56) was determined by biotinylated goat antimouse Ig and avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex. After comparing tissues from tumors at different stages (classified by the presence or absence of metastasis), we could not find a positive or negative correlation between the amount of CSPG in primary colorectal carcinoma tissues and the tumor's metastatic potential. However, the metastatic foci in the liver or lymph node contained higher amounts of CSPG than the primary tumors did. Immunohistochemical staining of colon carcinoma tissue with CS-56 revealed that CSPG is predominantly localized in fibrotic portions in the tumor tissues. Two-year follow-up studies indicated that a high level of CSPG in primary tumors was not predictive of recurrence.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240360409
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