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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytochemical evidence for cation fluxes in parotid acinar cells following stimulation by isoproterenolThis research was supported by N.I.H. grants AM-10956 and AM-11028. (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 178 (1974), S. 145-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The use of potassium pyroantimonate-osmium tetroxide as a combined fixative and cation-capture agent has permitted the observation of finestructural changes in cation distribution in rat parotid acinar cells following administration of isoproterenol (IPR). During the secretory phase of the response, there is a diminution of antimonate-precipitable cation in the cytoplasm combined with an increase along the plasma membrane and on secretory channels. At four hours after IPR, cytoplasmic precipitates return but deposits disappear along the membrane. Membrane deposits return slowly at later times after the stimulus. Decreased antimonate-precipitable cation was observed in nuclear heterochromatin between 4 and 20 hours after IPR. This may be related to the induction of cell replication by the drug. During the DNA synthetic phase of the response to IPR, an unusual patchy osmiophobia was observed in nuclei. Mitotic chromosomes contained heavy antimonate deposits. Some of the early changes in cation distribution observed after isoproterenol administration mimicked changes seen in damaged cells.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091780202
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence of cell damage in rat salivary glands after isoproterenolThis research was supported in large part by the following grants from National Institutes of Health: 5-Ti-GH-326, 1-Fl-GM-32,528-01 and AM-10956. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 173 (1972), S. 437-451 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Isoproterenol, which stimulates cell replication in rat salivary gland acinar cells also produces cytoplasmic disruption in these cells, although there is apparently little resultant cell death. Evidence of cell damage includes loss of cytoplasmic density, vesiculation of endoplasmic reticulum, appearance of large lipid droplets within cells, and invasion of the epithelium by lymphoid elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091730405
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secretagogue-mediated discharge of nerve growth factor from granular tubules of male mouse submandibular glands: An immunocytochemical study (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 192 (1978), S. 375-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Submandibular glands of male mice were stained for nerve growth factor by light microscopic immunocytochemistry. Nerve growth factor (NGF) was present in the granules of granular tubule cells, with the immunoreactive material often concentrated at the periphery of granules. Administration of the α-adrenergic agent, phenylephrine, to animals resulted in a marked depletion of NGF-containing granules from granular tubules. Some release also occurred following administration of the β-adrenergic agent, isoproterenol. Cholinergic stimulation (pilocarpine) did not result in appreciable loss of immunoreactive granules from these cells. In vitro results were not as clear cut, immunocytochemically, as those obtained with intact animals. It is concluded that discharge of NGF from male mouse submandibular glands is mediated predominantly by α-adrenergic activation, and that this phenomenon is readily demonstrated in the intact animal.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091920305
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The histology and fine structure of glands in the rat respiratory tract (1982)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 202 (1982), S. 33-43 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The structure of rat respiratory glands has been investigated by light and electron microscopy. The glands exhibited a tubulo-acinar organization. Individual secretory units were composed of serous tubules or serous demilunes and mucous tubules with narrow lumens at the blind end (proximally), and of mucous ducts with wide lumens which opened to the tracheal lumen distally. Near the junction of the duct with the trachea, mitochondria-rich cells and a few ciliated cells were interspersed with mucous cells. It was found that the histology as well as the ultrastructure of the secretory product of these gland cells varied depending upon the location of the glands in the airway. For this reason, the glands of the epiglottis, larynx and trachea have been described separately. Epiglottal glands consisted of many mucous tubules, a few serous elements and an occasional mucous duct. Laryngeal glands contained many serous and mucous tubules and a few mucous ducts. Tracheal glands were composed of serous tubules, a few mucous tubules and prominent mucous ducts. Serous tubule cell granules formed a uniform population within a cell profile but varied in cells of the epiglottis, compared with those of the larynx and trachea. Granules in mucous tubule cells differed from those of serous cells. Mucous cell granules also appeared uniform within a single cell but differed from cell to cell and at different levels of the respiratory tract. A particular granule type was predominant at each level. Cells of mucous ducts differed somewhat from those of mucous tubules and comprised two general secretory cell populations. Proximal mucous duct cells contained abundant granules that generally resembled those of mucous tubule cells but were localized in two areas of the cytoplasm. Dilated cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum with a bizonal content similar in density to zones seen in mature granules further characterized proximal mucous duct cells. The distal mucous duct cell generally contained sparse apical granules and lacked dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092020106
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Freeze-fracture and lead ion tracer evidence for a paracellular fluid secretory pathway in rat parotid glands (1984)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 208 (1984), S. 69-80 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The morphology and permeability of tight junctions of the three major epithelial constituents of rat parotid gland-acinus, intercalated duct, and striated duct-have been examined ultrastructurally. Acinar and intercalated duct junctions (including those surrounding intercellular canaliculi) averaged two to three sealing strands, whereas striated duct junctions had five to eight sealing strands. When the permeability of the junctional complex was probed by means of a recently devised lead ion tracer technique, acinar junctions were found to be very permeable, intercalated duct junctions were somewhat permeable, and striated duct junctions were essentially impermeable to the tracer. Thus, by both morphological and tracer-permeability criteria, acinar tight junctions appear to be “leaky.” These data provide strong evidence that, in rat parotid glands, a potential paracellular secretory pathway exists in the acinar region for the transepithelial passage of fluid.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092080109
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructure of the secretory response of male mouse submandibular gland granular tubules (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 214 (1986), S. 253-265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The organization and fine structure of granular convoluted tubule cells (GCT) from male mouse submandibular glands have been examined in controls and in animals injected with adrenergic and cholinergic secretagogues. Control submandibular glands exhibited a single population of GCT cells with numerous homogeneous granules filling the apical two-thirds of the cytoplasm. A zone of transition cells, exhibiting characteristics of both GCT and striated duct cells, was found between the agranular intercalated duct and GCT segments. These transition cells possessed apical granules of variable size as well as prominent basal striations.Dramatic changes in the morphology of GCT cells followed administration of the α-adrenergic agent, phenylephrine. The extensive degranulation involved formation of “secretory pools” of fused granules and release of secretory material into the lumen. The appearance of numerous smooth vesicles near luminal membranes suggested extensive membrane retrieval. Intracellular membrane-limited aggregates of membrane fragments suggested that much of the retrieved membrane was destined for degradation. Rough endoplasmic reticulum was highly dilated but there was no indication of increased size or activity of the Golgi complex.Ultrastructural evidence indicated that the secretory responses to isoproterenol, a β-adrenergic agent, and to pilocarpine, a cholinergic agent, were much more modest, but it is clear that some secretory response to these agents does occur. The other cell types of the duct and tubule system did not exhibit comparable morphological changes in response to the agents used.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092140304
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electron microscopic immunostaining of nerve growth factor: Secretagogue stimulated submandibular glands (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 219 (1987), S. 171-179 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Immunocytochemical localization of nerve growth factor (NGF) was assessed on thin sections of plastic-embedded male mouse submandibular glands by electron microscopy. Both control and secretagogue-stimulated glands were examined. NGF was localized in granules of both granular convoluted tubule (GCT) cells and transition cells. The latter were intermediate in morphology between GCT cells and striated duct cells. Both large and small granules were immunostained in GCT cells; however, considerable variability in immunostaining intensity was observed in both sizes of granules but especially in the small granules of transition cells. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) in both cell types exhibited NGF immunoreactivity. No Golgi-associated immunostaining was observed.Following α-adrenergic stimulation with phenylephrine, NGF-containing granules were sharply reduced because of extensive degranulation. Pools of immunostained secretory material suggested intracellular fusion of NGF-containing granules. Immunostaining was also observed on membrane fragments found within large vacuoles in GCT cells. Evidence of NGF secretion after β-adrenergic or cholinergic stimulation was less dramatic. In isoproterenol-stimulated GCT cells there was evidence of fusion of small, apical, NGF-stained granules. These cells also possessed heavily immunostained apical membrane blebs. Pilocarpine-stimulated cells exhibited pleomorphic immunostained apical granules but less apical membrane immunostaining. Abundant basal lysosomes appearing in GCT cells after pilocarpine stimulation did not stain for NGF.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092190210
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunocytochemical localization of a kallikrein-like serin protease (Esterase A) in rat salivary glands (1988)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 221 (1988), S. 475-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscopic (EM) immunocytochemical methods have been used to localize arginine esterase A, a kinin-generating enzyme immunologically similar to tissue kallikrein, in rat salivary glands. Both polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies to arginine esterase A were used in these studies. By means of a polyclonal antiserum, esterase A was found in granular tubules of submandibular glands and in striated ducts of all three major salivary glands, in a distribution similar to that of tissue kallikrein. With recently developed specific monoclonal antibodies to esterease A, this enzyme was localized in the granules of some (but not all) granular convoluted tubule cells (GCT) and along the basal membranes (but not in apical granules) of striated ducts. By an EM immunoperoxidase method, esterase A was localized subcellularly in granules of some GCT cells and along the basal cell membranes of the tubule and duct system. Thus, this enzyme is found in some sites (GCT granules) shared with tissue kallikrein, but in some unique sites, i.e., basal membranes of striated ducts. The polyclonal antibody used in the present study cross-reacted with tissue kallikrein, but when absorbed with kallikrein, it gave the staining pattern characteristic of monoclonal antibody to esterase A.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092210104
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