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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isothermal volume relaxation in aged polycarbonate measured by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (1990)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 762-768 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) technique is used to measure volume relaxation in physically aged glassy polycarbonate. The relaxation times and activation energy calculated for the isothermal relaxations in the aged polycarbonate are greater than those parameters calculated for unaged polycarbonate. The activation energy of 8.2 kcal/mol in the aged polycarbonate is used to identify the phenyl group motion or the cooperative carbonate-phenyl interaction as the molecular features responsible for the thermally induced open volume relaxations. It is postulated that the open volume relaxation kinetics as measured by PALS can be used as a nondestructive indication of property differences between aged and unaged polycarbonate.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760301303
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibilized linear low-density polyethylene/isotactic polypropylene blends studied by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (1995)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 35 (1995), S. 28-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS), capable of probing free volume, is used to study the effect of compatibilizer concentration, compatibilizer type, and the effect of blend processing on the morphology and properties of an immiscible linear low-density polyethylene/polypropylene system. It is proposed that improvement of fracture toughness due to compatibilization can be attributed to the packing (and bonding) at interfaces. Improved interfacial packing and bonding result in lower free volume concentration than expected from component additivity, with a concomitant increase in plastic deformation on impact.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760350105
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, physical characterization, and acetone sorption kinetics in random copolymers of poly(ethylene terephthalate) and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 2981-3000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: sorption ; diffusion ; acetone ; poly(ethylene terephthalate) ; poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) ; copolymers ; positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy ; infrared spectroscopy ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Random copolymers of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(ethylene 2,6-naphthalate) (PEN) were synthesized by melt condensation. In a series of thin, solvent cast films of varying PEN content, acetone diffusivity and solubility were determined at 35°C and an acetone pressure of 5.4 cm Hg. The kinetics of acetone sorption in the copolymer films are well described by a Fickian model. Both solubility and diffusivity decrease with increasing PEN content. The acetone diffusion coefficient decreases 93% from PET to PET/85PEN, a copolymer in which 85 weight percent of the dimethyl terephthalate in PET has been replace by dimethyl naphthalate 2,6-dicarboxylate. The acetone solubility coefficient in the amorphous regions of the polymer decreases by approximately a factor of two over the same composition range. The glass/rubber transition temperatures of these materials rise monotonically with increasing PEN content. Copolymers containing 20 to 80 wt % PEN are amorphous. Samples with 〈20% or 〉80% PEN contain measurable levels of crystallinity. Estimated fractional free volume in the amorphous regions of these samples is lower in the copolymers than in either of the homopolymers. Relative free volume as probed by positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) decreases systematically with increasing PEN content. Acetone diffusion coefficients correlate well with PALS results. Infrared spectroscopy suggests an increase in the fraction of ethylene glycol units in the trans conformation in the amorphous phase as the concentration of PEN in the copolymer increases. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 2981-3000, 1998
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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