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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 171-183 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: latex ; sulfonate functional groups ; poly(styrene-sodium styrene sulfonate) ; emulsion copolymerization ; emulsifier-free ; enhanced gel effect ; ion association ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The kinetics of the emulsifier-free emulsion copolymerization of styrene and sodium styrene sulfonate have been examined over a range of comonomer compositions. The rate of polymerization was found to increase dramatically in the presence of small amounts of sodium styrene sulfonate. This increase is attributed to the increased number of particles formed when sodium styrene sulfonate was present and to a gel effect enhanced by ion association. At low concentrations of functional comonomer, where a monodisperse product was obtained, a homogeneous nucleation mechanism of particle generation is proposed. At higher concentrations, broader and then bimodal size distributions were obtained, and this is ascribed to significant aqueous phase polymerization of sodium styrene sulfonate. The water-soluble homopolymer is supposed to act as a locus of polymerization. The occurrence of this aqueous phase side reaction and the generation of secondary particles makes impossible the preparation of highly sulfonated polystyrene latexes by batch or seeded batch emulsion copolymerization.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 17 (1977), S. 325-334 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Mortar specimens were impregnated with methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, styrene, and crosslinking agents in various combinations. After polymerization of the monomers in situ, studies of mechanical properties such as Young's modulus and compressive strength were made. In one experiment, various ccpolymers of methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate were prepared and tested as a function of temperature. Excellent reinforcement was obtained with any combination of monomers as long as the resulting polymer was at a temperature below its glass transition temperature. This suggests that the modulus of the reinforcing polymer is crucial, glassy behavior being required. The addition of crosslinking agents such as TMPTMA increased the high temperature strength, however.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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