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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 30 (1990), S. 931-936 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A major factor that weakens the weld line in injection moldings is the V-notch structure. Though the existence of a V-notch is well known, its depth variation with molding conditions has not been detailed. The aim of this paper is to clarify the V-notch structure and its effect on the strength of general purpose polystyrene injection moldings. A dog bone type tensile specimen with a weld line was molded under several molding conditions. The surface of the weld line was partially eliminated by cutting with a milling machine to seven levels of cut depth (Dc). As a result, the weld strength increased with Dc to about 50%. The relationship between the weld strength and Dc made it possible to determine the V-notch depth, which vas defined as the “depth of the weld line.” From these results, a hypothesis is proposed that the V-notch has a structure with a fine groove on the surface and a poorly bonded inner layer. This study considered the relationships among the weld strength, the depth of the weld line, and molding conditions.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Flashing in pure polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) and a blend containing PPS and liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) during injection molding was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and scanning electron microscopy. The shape of the flash was observed by use of a projector. Flashing was detected in pure PPS and 90/10 PPS/LCP blend but was not found in other compositions, including pure LCP. The DSC thermograms of the flash revealed both exothermic and endothermic peaks at around 120° and 285°C. The first peak, known as crystallization temperature on heating, occurred as a result of early crystallization of PPS. The observed double peaks indicated that the degree of crystallinity was lower in the flash than in the molded part. The morphological studies revealed the presence of LCP fibrils in the skin region and droplets in the core region of 90/10 PPS blend. The absence of flash was attributed to the diameters of the fibrils and droplets, which were found to increase with increasing LCP component.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 33 (1993), S. 996-1001 
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Weldlines are fatal defects in many injection moldings of thermosetting resins and thermoplastics. Significant strength reduction by weldlines in thermoplastics is caused by poor adhesion, molecular orientation, and a V-notch effect. These factors have been little investigated in detail, in spite of being well known. In the present article, the V-notch effect on strength is discussed for two types of thermoplastics, polystyrene and polycarbonate. The depth of weldlines was obtained by milling on the weldline surface, and the fracture toughness was measured with a double edge notched specimen. Polystryrene, which was drastically weakened by weldlines, had relatively deeper V-notch regions and the fracture toughness was also reduced by weldlines. Although polycarbonate had the same fracture toughness as polystyrene, it had strong weldlines since the depth of weldlines was negligibly small.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 15 (1994), S. 327-333 
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The results of studies on bending properties of three-layer long fiber polypropylene composites are presented. Thirteen samples with glass fibers of various lengths (i.e., 13, 25, 50 mm and continuous fiber length) in the laminates were prepared by stamping. Bending properties of shorter lengths exhibited a large scatter. On substitution of the middle layer with a continuous glass fiber the scatter was reduced. These results have been explained on the basis of flow models and X-ray shadowgraphs, which showed that both slippage flow and orientation of the glass fiber during stamping are the major phenomena responsible for the scatter.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Brookfield, Conn. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Composites 15 (1994), S. 393-400 
    ISSN: 0272-8397
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The effect of die design on the flow characteristics of compression molded three-layer long glass fiber reinforced polypropylene composite, known as “stampable sheet,” was investigated. The flow behavior of each layer was observed by optical and soft X-ray photographs. The fiber flow length into the rib part was measured by an image processing system. The results showed that during compression resin exudation occurred and that this depended on the die's rib width. Thus, the larger the rib width, the lower the amount of resin exuded. Resin exudation was found to occur earlier in a die with zero fillet radius. The fiber flow length into the rib part was enhanced by using a die with a large fillet radius. The results were confirmed by a short-shot molding process. In this process, the stamping operation was stopped short of making a complete part.A finite element method was used to study the flow process. The results agree with the experimental results confirmed by short-shot molding.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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